scholarly journals Effect of Short-Term Exposure to High Particulate Levels on Cough Reflex Sensitivity in Healthy Tourists: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuhei Sato ◽  
Peijun Gui ◽  
Kumiko Ito ◽  
Masahiro Kohzuki ◽  
Satoru Ebihara
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cough Reflex ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Related Quality

Background: Previous studies have reported a relationship between particulate air pollution and respiratory symptoms or decline in lung function, but information about acute effects of short-term exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) on cough and pulmonary function is scarce. Objective: To investigate the effect of short-term exposure to high concentrations of PM on the cough reflex threshold, urge-to-cough, pulmonary function, and cough-related quality of life in a group of healthy non-resident volunteers visiting Beijing, China. Methods: Seventeen healthy residents of Sendai, Japan, who planned to attend a meeting in Beijing, were recruited. We checked local air quality and measured cough reflex thresholds, urge-to-cough, pulmonary function, and Leicester Cough Questionnaire-acute (LCQ-acute) scores in the volunteers before, during, and after their trip to Beijing. Results: The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in Beijing were significantly higher than those in Japan on the measurement days. Cough reflex thresholds, expressed as nebulized citric acid concentrations required to induce ≥ 2 and ≥ 5 coughs, were significantly lower during the stay in Beijing than before or after the visit. Vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were significantly lower during the stay in Beijing than before the trip. Similarly, the urge-to-cough threshold was significantly lower during the stay in Beijing than after the trip, as was the total LCQ-acute score. Conclusion: We tentatively concluded that short-term exposure to high PM concentrations may have adverse effects on cough reflex and urge-to-cough thresholds, pulmonary function, and cough-related quality of life.

scholarly journals Assessment of Sequelae of COVID-19 Nearly 1 Year After Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangyuan Zhou ◽  
Meihui Tao ◽  
Luorui Shang ◽  
Yuhan Liu ◽  
Guangtao Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Results

Background: A previous study has shown that 81% of the COVID-19 patients had mild or moderate symptoms. However, most studies on the sequelae in COVID-19 patients focused on severe cases and the long-term follow-up studies on the health consequences in non-severe cases are limited. The current study aimed to assess the sequelae of COVID-19 in patients nearly 1 year after diagnosis with a particular focus on the recovery of patients with non-severe COVID-19.Methods: We enrolled 120 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 discharged from Wuhan Union hospital west district (designated hospital for COVID-19) and Fangcang shelter hospitals between January 29, 2020 and April 1, 2020. All participants were asked to complete a series of questionnaires to assess their symptoms and quality of life and for psychological evaluation. Also, pulmonary function test, chest CT, 6-min walking test (6MWT), routine blood test, liver and kidney function tests, fasting blood glucose test, lipid test, and immunoglobulin G antibody test were performed to evaluate their health.Results: The mean age of the study population was 51.6 ± 10.8 years. Of the 120 patients, 104 (86.7%) were cases of non-severe COVID-19. The follow-up study was performed between November 23, 2020 and January 11, 2021, and the median time between the diagnosis and the follow-up was 314.5 (IQR, 296–338) days. Sleep difficulties, shortness of breath, fatigue, and joint pain were common symptoms observed during follow-up and nearly one-third of the non-severe cases had these symptoms. A total of 50 (41.7%) and 45 (37.5%) patients reported anxiety and depression, respectively. And 18.3% of the patients showed negative results in the IgG test at the follow-up, which correlated with the severity of the infection (R = 0.203, p = 0.026), and the proportion of IgG negative cases in non-severe COVID-19 patients was higher than that in the severe cases (20.2 vs. 6.3%). Pulmonary diffusion impairment was reported in 30 (26.1%) out of 115 patients, and 24 (24.2%) out of the 99 non-severe cases. The values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FVC/FEV1, vital capacity (VC), total lung capacity (TLC), and residual volume (RV) were less than the normal range in 1.7, 8.6, 0.9, 11.2, 7.0, and 0.9% of the patients, respectively. A total of 55 (56.7%) out of the 97 patients showed abnormal CT findings, including ground-glass opacities (GGO), bronchiectasis, nodules, lines and bands, and fibrosis. Furthermore, there was a correlation between all the SF-36-domain scores and the duration of hospitalization, pulmonary function, and a 6MWT.Conclusions: At the nearly 1-year follow-up, COVID-19 survivors still had multi-system issues, including those in the respiratory functioning, radiography, quality of life, and anxiety and depression. Moreover, non-severe cases also showed some sequelae and the proportion of IgG negative cases in the non-severe patients was higher than that in severe cases. Therefore, conducting follow-ups and preventing the reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 in this group is necessary.

scholarly journals Short-Term Impacts of Ambient Air Pollution on Health-Related Quality of Life: A Korea Health Panel Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9128
Author(s):  
Myung-Jae Hwang ◽  
Jong-Hun Kim ◽  
Hae-Kwan Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Eq Vas

Previous studies have demonstrated that ambient air pollution leads to a decrease in mental and physical function. Although studies on the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and health-related quality of life have been conducted, the impact of short-term exposure has rarely been reported. This study explored the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and EuroQol-visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) scores, an indicator of health-related quality of life, using repeated measures. We selected 5420 respondents from seven metropolitan cities (Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejeon, Ulsan) and one province (Jeju) in South Korea who had participated three or more times in the Korea Health Panel survey conducted from 2009 to 2013. A total of 24,536 observations were used. We applied the daily lag effects of air pollutants on the EQ-VAS stratified by sex and age group using the generalized linear mixed model. After controlling confounders, the EQ-VAS scores decreased statistically significantly in males aged 40–49 years, and females aged 50–64 years with chronic disease. The EQ-VAS scores reduced the most to −1.571 (95% confidence interval: −2.307–−0.834) and −1.722 (95% confidence interval: −2.499–−0.944) per interquartile range increment of carbon monoxide in males aged 40–49 years and per interquartile range increment of sulfur dioxide in females aged 50–64 years, respectively. This study provides evidence that short-term exposure to air pollution is related to the discomfort experienced by individuals in their daily lives.

scholarly journals ILD-specific health-related quality of life in systemic sclerosis-associated ILD compared with IPF

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000598
Author(s):  
Michael T Durheim ◽  
Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold ◽  
Tomas M Eagan ◽  
Arnt-Ove Hovden ◽  
May Brit Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

IntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) are fibrotic ILDs with divergent disease populations. Little is known about health-related quality of life (HRQL) in SSc-ILD relative to IPF.MethodsWe used the Kings Brief Interstitial Lung Disease Questionnaire (K-BILD) to compare HRQL in a cross-sectional study of 57 patients with IPF and 29 patients with SSc-ILD. Analysis of covariance was used to adjust for age, gender and lung function.ResultsThe unadjusted mean K-BILD score was 63.1 (95% CI 57.1 to 69.1) among patients with SSc-ILD, as compared with 54.7 (51.8–57.5) among those with IPF (p=0.005). However, this difference in HRQL was attenuated after adjustment for age, gender and lung function. In a multivariable model, only forced vital capacity was associated with K-BILD scores. K-BILD scores were correlated with both forced vital capacity and with other relevant HRQL measures, regardless of ILD diagnosis.DiscussionPatients with SSc-ILD may have better ILD-specific quality of life than patients with IPF, but this difference appears to be driven primarily by better lung function. These results underscore the impact of lung function on HRQL in fibrotic ILD and the utility of K-BILD to assess HRQL in SSc-ILD.

Health-related quality of life associates with clinical parameters in patients with NTM pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
K. Kawahara ◽  
M. Tabusadani ◽  
K. Yamane ◽  
S. Takao ◽  
Y. Kuroyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Radiological Score

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown a reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). However, the causes of this decline and the factors that contribute to it are unknown. This study was conducted to analyse the association between the St George´s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and clinical parameters, including age, disease duration, body composition, pulmonary function, chest X-ray findings, blood data and physical function.METHODS: We performed a single-centre, cross-sectional, retrospective study of 101 patients with NTM-PD from December 2016 to October 2019. The relationship between the SGRQ scores and clinical parameters was evaluated.RESULTS: The median patient age was 67.0 years. Pulmonary function, radiological score, albumin levels, C-reactive protein levels and incremental shuttle walk test distance (ISWD) were significantly correlated with the total and component scores on the SGRQ. Multiple regression analysis showed that the SGRQ score was significantly associated with radiological score, pulmonary function and ISWD.CONCLUSION: This study was the first to assess the effect of clinical parameters on the SGRQ in patients with NTM-PD. HRQoL as determined using the SGRQ was associated with the radiological score, pulmonary function and ISWD in patients with NTM-PD.

Short-term patient reported health-related quality of life (HRQL) outcomes after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC)

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Poch ◽  
Andrew P. Stegemann ◽  
Shabnam Rehman ◽  
Mohamed A. Sharif ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Reported Health

scholarly journals Association of p-phenylenediamine exposure with alterations of pulmonary function, pruritus and health-related quality of life in hair dye manufacturer workers: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ming zhang ◽  
Lin Fan ◽  
Meibian Zhang ◽  
Baofeng Liu ◽  
Qiang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Hair Dye ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background p -Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a common component of hair dye, indicating the clinical characteristics of skin contact allergy and asthma with impaired pulmonary function. Howerver the adverse effects of PPD occupational exposure was rarely mentioned. The purpose of this study was to explore the PPD-induced pulmonary function, pruritus and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of industrial workers of hair dye. Methods We recruited 124 workers from a hair dye manufacturer exposed to PPD. Individual PPD exposure and pulmonary function of workers were measured. The quality of life and subjective pruritus of workers was also assessed by SF-36 and VAS of pruritus, respectively. Results In the high PPD-exposed group, FVC% (percentage of forced vital capacity) was higher, while FEV1/FVC% (ratio percentage of forced expiratory volume) was lower than that in the low PPD-exposed group ( P <0.05). In terms of the HRQOL, the scores of mental health and vitality of the high PPD-exposed group were the lowest of all groups ( P <0.05), while the score of VAS was significantly higher than that of other two groups ( P <0.001). PPD levels were negatively correlated with vitality and mental health ( P <0.01). Higher PPD exposure level was correlated with a significantly higher VAS level (OR 9.394; 95%CI: 1.710, 51.622; P =0.010). The structural equation model provided a good fit to the data (χ2/df =1.607, GFI =0.901, AGFI =0.934, RMSEA =0.007, IFI =0.977, CFI =0.960, PGFI =0.615). And showed that PPD exposed level have positive effects on VAS level (β = 0.213, P <0.001). Then PPD exposed level partly via lack total score of SF-36 (β = -0.465, P =0.002); on negative effects on VAR level (β = -0.110, P <0.001). Conclusion Occupational PPD exposure might be associated with pulmonary function impairment, poor HRQOL, and subjective pruritus of workers.

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