scholarly journals Attachment, Proliferation, and Chondroinduction of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Porous Chitosan-Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Elder ◽  
Anuhya Gottipati ◽  
Hilary Zelenka ◽  
Joel Bumgardner
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Porous Chitosan ◽  
Tissue Engineering Approach ◽  
Osteochondral Regeneration ◽  
Further Development

Symptomatic osteochondral lesions occur frequently, but relatively few treatment options are currently available. The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary investigation into a new tissue engineering approach to osteochondral regeneration. The concept is a biphasic construct consisting of a porous, osteoconductive chitosan-calcium phosphate scaffold supporting a layer of neocartilage formed by marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Two experiments were conducted to assess the feasibility of this approach. The first experiment characterized the attachment efficiency and proliferation of primary human marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded relatively sparely onto the scaffold’s surface. The second experiment compared two different methods of creating a biphasic construct using a much higher density of primary porcine marrow stromal cells. About 40% of the sparsely seeded human cells attached and proliferated rapidly. Constructs formed by one of the two experimental techniques exhibited a layer of cartilaginous tissue which only partially covered the scaffold’s surface due to inadequate adhesion between the cells and the scaffold. This study demonstrates some potential for the approach to yield an implantable biphasic construct, but further development is required to improve cell-scaffold adhesion.

TISSUE ENGINEERING APPROACH TO OSTEOCHONDRAL REPAIR AND REGENERATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 463-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. H. GOH ◽  
X. X. SHAO ◽  
D. W. HUTMACHER ◽  
E. H. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Engineering Approach ◽  
Osteochondral Scaffold ◽  
Osteochondral Repair ◽  
Tissue Engineering Approach

Repair of osteochondral lesions remains difficult in current clinical medicine. This is due to the lack of self-reparatory capacity in adult cartilage to respond to injuries. Furthermore, current surgical based treatment is unable to achieve long-term satisfactory results. Cell therapies combined with scaffolds has become a promising tissue engineering approach for osteochondral regeneration. This article briefly outlines the approaches and limitations in osteochondral tissue engineering from three key aspects, namely: (1) Cells and Cell Source; (2) Biomaterials and Scaffold design and fabrication; and (3) Mechanical and Biochemical Stimulus. Current optimal candidate cells for tissue engineering include bone marrow and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. As for scaffolds, the structural design and biomaterials used should support cell growth and the organization of new functional tissue formation. Using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique, the authors developed a novel polycaprolactone osteochondral scaffold which was shown to have the ability to recruit mesenchymal stem cells and the potential for repairing defects in vivo. The article also discussed mechanical and biological stimulus for enhancing in vitro growth of tissue-engineered constructs. The final challenge is the integration of the tissue-engineered tissues into a living system as a functional device.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Cartilage Defects of the Knee: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652098681
Author(s):  
Monketh Jaibaji ◽  
Rawan Jaibaji ◽  
Andrea Volpin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Osteochondral Defects

Background: Osteochondral lesions are a common clinical problem and their management has been historically challenging. Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes and thus restore hyaline cartilage to the defect, theoretically improving clincal outcomes in these patients. They can also be harvested with minimal donor site morbidity. Purpose: To assess the clinical and functional outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell implantation to treat isolated osteochondral defects of the knee. A secondary purpose is to assess the quality of the current available evidence as well as the radiological and histological outcomes. We also reviewed the cellular preparation and operative techniques for implantation. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of 4 databases was carried out: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PubMed. We searched for clinical studies reporting the outcomes on a minimum of 5 patients with at least 12 months of follow-up. Clinical, radiological, and histological outcomes were recorded. We also recorded demographics, stem cell source, culture technique, and operative technique. Methodological quality of each study was assessed using the modified Coleman methodology score, and risk of bias for the randomized controlled studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Results: Seventeen studies were found, encompassing 367 patients. The mean patient age was 35.1 years. Bone marrow was the most common source of stem cells utilized. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy consistently demonstrated good short- to medium-term outcomes in the studies reviewed with no serious adverse events being recorded. There was significant heterogeneity in cell harvesting and preparation as well as in the reporting of outcomes. Conclusion: Mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated a clinically relevant improvement in outcomes in patients with osteochondral defects of the knee. More research is needed to establish an optimal treatment protocol, long-term outcomes, and superiority over other therapies. Registration: CRD42020179391 (PROSPERO).

Calcium phosphate-based particles influence osteogenic maturation of human mesenchymal stem cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1294-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Saldaña ◽  
S. Sánchez-Salcedo ◽  
I. Izquierdo-Barba ◽  
F. Bensiamar ◽  
L. Munuera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals Successful Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis with Allogeneic Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebo Gene Wang ◽  
Nicholas C. Hsu ◽  
Sebo Michelle Wang ◽  
Fu Nan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Allogeneic Mscs ◽  
Human Gingiva

Plaque psoriasis is the most common type of psoriasis that manifests as red scaly patches with white scales affecting body areas including scalp, elbows, knees, trunk, and buttocks. Although many treatment options are available including novel biologics, no cure is available. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been safely used to treat a variety of human diseases. Allogeneic MSCs possess unique characteristics including hypoimmunogenicity, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties, and they are currently being explored for potential therapeutic use for many systemic inflammatory diseases. The human gingival tissue is an easily accessible and obtainable source for the isolation of MSCs. MSCs from adult human gingiva are of fetal-like phenotype, multipotent, and easy to isolate and expand in vitro. Herein, we report a case of a 19-year-old man with a 5-year history of severe plaque psoriasis refractory to multiple topical and systemic therapies who was treated with allogeneic human gingival MSCs. Complete regression was achieved after 5 infusions with no adverse reaction occurred. The patient has been followed for three years and has remained disease free.

Interaction between microspheres of collagen/biphasic calcium phosphate and mesenchymal stem cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1217-1219
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Peng Wei ◽  
Yun Zeng ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate
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