scholarly journals Ethanol Production Potential of Sweet Sorghum in North and Central Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-338
Author(s):  
Svitlana O. Rakhmetova ◽  
Olena M. Vergun ◽  
Rostislav Y. Blume ◽  
Oleksandr P. Bondarchuk ◽  
Oksana V. Shymanska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Ethanol Productivity ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

Background: Sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) is a unique crop with great potential to serve both the food and energy industries. It is due to the possibility of (bio)ethanol production both from the juice and biomass of this crop. The sorghum stems juice contains sugar in the levels similar to that of sugarcane. Besides, low cultivation requirements for the sweet sorghum make this crop even more attractive for sugar and ethanol production. In terms of technology, sweet sorghum is seen as a transitional feedstock for the first to the second generation bioethanol production. However, effective technological development of the plant cultivation and processing in the Northern and Central Ukraine is restrained by the lack of a collection of sweet sorghum genotypes and adapted varieties for its large-scale cultivation. Additionally, no evaluations of potential (bio)ethanol productivity have been performed for this region, which is important for efficient implementation of novel biofuel-producing technologies and for successful development of a green economy. Objective: This research was aimed to create a pool of sweet sorghum genotypes with the involvement of worldwide germplasm, analyze their morphology and breed high-yielding plant lines for the efficient production of liquid biofuels for second-generation bioenergy. Based on that, we also aimed to explore the prospects regarding the efficiency of sweet sorghum cultivation for (bio)ethanol production in the Northern and Central Ukraine. Methods and Materials: A valuable gene pool of S. saccharatum (L.) Moench (41 samples) was created; in particular, high-performance genotypes were created for cultivation under the soil-climatic conditions of Ukraine. The bio-morphological features and the yield potential of the plants were determined and the biochemical composition of the phyto-raw materials was determined in different periods of vegetation, in particular, during the technical ripeness of the above-ground mass of plants. The more productive forms and varieties of sugar sorghum in terms of yield, dry matter content, sugar, and energy value of biomass during flowering and waxy ripeness are highlighted. The technological properties of plant biomass for the production of alternative liquid fuels (in particular, bioethanol) have been analyzed. Importantly, optimal cultivation conditions have been elaborated for the newly created sweet sorghum genotypes, and their productivity has also been evaluated. Moreover, for the first time, a detailed study on potential ethanol yield has been conducted. Results: Sweet sorghum has considerable potential in Ukraine as a new sugar-producing energy crop. The germplasm collection of this crop has been created (41 accessions), including introduced and acclimated genotypes and newly bred lines and varieties. The biological performance of sorghum in Ukraine and plant morphology have been analyzed. The most promising genotypes were used for breeding of new high-productive sweet sorghum varieties. The potential (bio)ethanol yield for different sugar feedstocks (juice, grain bagasse) can reach up to 11423 L/ha in total from juice, grain and bagasse. Conclusion: The estimated values of ethanol productivity are comparable to the results of other similar investigations. In conclusion, a high performance of sweet sorghum in Ukraine can be suggested.

scholarly journals Evaluation of polyploid miscanthus lines usage efficiency as a feedstock for bioethanol production

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
R. Y. Blume ◽  
O.V. Melnychuk ◽  
S.P. Ozheredov ◽  
D.B. Rakhmetov ◽  
Y.B. Blume
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Giant Miscanthus ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Bioethanol Yield

Aim. Main aim of this research was the evaluation of theoretical bioethanol yield (per ha) from hexaploid giant miscanthus (Miscanthus х giganteus) and further comparison with conventional triploid form as well as with other bioethanol crops. Methods. Several mathematic functions were determined that describe yearly yield dynamics and equations, which were used in calculations of theoretical bioethanol yield. Results. The theoretical bioethanol yield was evaluated for different hexaploid miscanthus lines. The most productive in terms of ethanol yield were lines 108 and 202, from which potential bioethanol yield was found to be higher than in control line (6451 L/ha) by 10.7 % and 14.2% respectively and can reach 7144 L/ha and 7684 L/ha. Conclusions. It was determined that the most productive lines of polyploid miscanthus (lines 108 and 202) are able to compete with other plant cellulosic feedstocks for second-generation bioethanol production in Ukraine. However, these lines show bioethanol productivity than sweet sorghum, in the case when sweet sorghum is processed for obtainment of both first- and second-generation bioethanol. Keywords: bioenergy crops, biofuels, giant miscanthus, Miscanthus, polyploidy, second-generation bioethanol.

scholarly journals Bio-Fuel Potential of Some Sweet Sorghum Genotypes [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. saccharatum]

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Ayse Gulgun Oktem ◽  
Abdullah Oktem ◽  
Timucin Tas ◽  
Celal Yucel
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Stalk Yield ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Theoretical Ethanol Yield

The fossil energy sources used in the world are gradually decreasing and limited. Fossil fuels cause environmental pollution, and the unit price is constantly increasing. For this reason, demand for cheaper and renewable energy sources that do not pollute the environment is increasing day by day. The sweet sorghum plant has attracted attention in recent years with its high biomass yield, sugar content and bioethanol yield. In this study, it was aimed to determine the bio-fuel potential of some sweet sorghum genotypes in semi-arid climatic conditions. The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Research was carried out in 2015 under Harran Plain (36o 42’ N and 38o 58’ E) second crop conditions, Sanliurfa, Turkey. In the study 49 genotypes of sweet sorghum were used. Stalk yield, juice yield, syrup yield, brix, sugar yield and theoretical ethanol yield were determined in the study. Significant differences were found between the genotypes for tested characteristics (P≤0.01). Stalk yield ranged from 7110.0 kg da-1 to 24262.5 da-1, juice yield from 2550.0 L da-1 to 12187.5 L da-1, syrup yield from 291.4 L da-1 to 2242.5 L da-1. Also, brix value varied between %7.0 and %18.87, sugar yield between 247.7 da-1 and 1906.1 da-1, Theoretical ethanol yield between 131.9 L da-1 and 1014.8 L da-1. Considering to stalk yield, juice and syrup yield, brix, sugar yield and theoretical ethanol yield; Nebraska sugar, Topper 76, Smith, M81E and Corina genotypes were found as the best. As a result of research, 21 genotypes with better performance than the others were selected for further studies.

scholarly journals Adaptability and Stability Study of Selected Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Ethanol Production under Different Environments Using AMMI Analysis and GGE Biplots

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice Kipkorir Rono ◽  
Erick Kimutai Cheruiyot ◽  
Jacktone Odongo Othira ◽  
Virginia Wanjiku Njuguna ◽  
Joseph Kinyoro Macharia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Cane Juice ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

The genotype and environment interaction influences the selection criteria of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes. Eight sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated at five different locations in two growing seasons of 2014. The aim was to determine the interaction between genotype and environment on cane, juice, and ethanol yield and to identify best genotypes for bioethanol production in Kenya. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Sorghum canes were harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and passed through rollers to obtain juice that was then fermented to obtain ethanol. Cane, juice, and ethanol yield was analyzed using the additive main effect and multiplication interaction model (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) biplot. The combined analysis of variance of cane and juice yield of sorghum genotypes showed that sweet sorghum genotypes were significantly (P<0.05) affected by environments (E), genotypes (G) and genotype by environment interaction (GEI). GGE biplot showed high yielding genotypes EUSS10, ACFC003/12, SS14, and EUSS11 for cane yield; EUSS10, EUSS11, and SS14 for juice yield; and EUSS10, SS04, SS14, and ACFC003/12 for ethanol yield. Genotype SS14 showed high general adaptability for cane, juice, and ethanol yield.

QUALIDADE INDUSTRIAL E RENDIMENTO DE ETANOL DE GENÓTIPOS DE SORGO SACARINO EM PLANTA E REBROTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
TASSIANO MAXWELL MARINHO CÂMARA ◽  
RAFAEL AUGUSTO DA COSTA PARRELLA ◽  
HERÁCLITON DE ÉFESO DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ethanol Yields ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Industrial Yield ◽  
Lower Production

 RESUMO - O rendimento de cultivares de sorgo sacarino em planta de primeiro corte e na rebrota tem sido estudado para viabilizar o cultivo com menores custos de produção. Entretanto, dados qualitativos sobre a qualidade de caldo e rendimento de etanol entre safra principal e rebrota são escassos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho comparar genótipos de sorgo sacarino quanto à qualidade industrial e avaliar o efeito do tipo de colheita e biomassa processada no rendimento industrial para produção de etanol. Foi conduzido um experimento em blocos ao acaso com três repetições em esquema de parcela subdividida, sendo as parcelas constituídas por 20 genótipos de sorgo e as subparcelas pelos tipos de amostras processadas ou colheitas realizadas. Os maiores rendimentos de etanol, em termos absolutos, foram obtidos para CMSXS646 e BRS 511 na colheita de primeiro corte com colmos limpos. A utilização de colmos limpos promoveu, em média, um incremento de 13,5, 14,2, 13,4, 3,3, 7,9, 7,0, 8,0 e 16,4% para etanol, ART, ATR, umidade, ARC, Pol, °Brix, quantidade de caldo, respectivamente, e redução de 17,3% para fibra, em relação às amostras de colmos com folhas. O rendimento médio de etanol por tonelada de caldo extraído foi 28% superior no primeiro corte comparativamente à rebrota.Palavras-chave: Bioenergia, biomassa, °Brix, Sorghum bicolor.  INDUSTRIAL QUALITY AND ETHANOL YIELD OF SWEET SORGHUM GENOTYPES IN MAIN AND RATOON CROPS  ABSTRACT - The yield of sweet sorghum cultivars in first cut and ratoon crops have been studied to enable the cultivation with lower production costs. However, qualitative data on broth quality and yield of ethanol on main crop and ratoon are scarce. The aim of this work was to compare sweet sorghum genotypes regarding the industrial quality and to evaluate the effects of harvests and processed biomass types in the industrial yield for ethanol production. A randomized block design experiment was carried out with three replicates in a split plot design, being the plots composed by 20 sorghum genotypes and the subplots by the types of processed samples or harvests. The highest ethanol yields, in absolute terms, were obtained for CMSXS646 and BRS 511 in first cut with clean stalks. The use of clean stalks promoted, on average, an increase of 13.5, 14.2, 13.4, 3.3, 7.9, 7.0, 8.0 and 16.4% for ethanol, ART, ATR, moisture, ARC, Pol, ° Brix, juice amount, respectively, and reduction of 17.3% for fiber, in relation to samples with stalks and leafs. The average yield of ethanol per extracted juice ton was 28% higher in first cut compared to ratoon.Keywords: bioenergy, biomass, °Brix, Sorghum bicolor.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilization on growth, yield and ethanol production of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-383
Author(s):  
Maria H. Elnasikh ◽  
Mulhima Sh. Ibrahium
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sodic Soils ◽  
Green Leaves

Field trials were carried out to test the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the growth, stalks and juice yield, sugar content and ethanol production of sweet sorghum. The experiments were carried out on winter 2013 in the Domonstration Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat and Experimental Farm of the Soba Research Station for Reclamation of Saline and Sodic soils. The treatments comprised the addition of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) at three levels (0, 43 and 86 Kg N ha-1) and two sweet sorghum genotypes (Baladi and RSSS.11), arranged in randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Results indicated that there were significant (P ≥ 0.05) differences between genotypes in stem diameter at Soba location, stalk height and leaves area at Shambat location, number of green leaves per plant, stalk juice and ethanol yield in both locations. With the genotype RSSS.11 generally superior over genotype Baladi. Nitrogen fertilization increased significantly (P ≥ 0.05) number of green leaves per plant and leaves area at Shambat location and plant height and juice and ethanol yield in both locations. With the Soba location recorded the highest values over Shambat location and 86 kg N ha-1 recorded the highest ethanol yield (255.6l h-1).

scholarly journals Bioethanol Production via Syngas Fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irika Anggraini ◽  
Made Tri Ari Penia Kresnowati ◽  
Ronny Purwadi ◽  
Tjandra Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Clostridium Ljungdahlii ◽  
Buffer Composition ◽  
Organic Nitrogen Source ◽  
High Ethanol

Bioconversion of C-1 carbon in syngas through microbial fermentation presents a huge potential to be further explored for ethanol production. Syngas can be obtained from the gasification of lignocellulosic biomass, by which most of carbon content of the biomass was converted into CO and CO2. These gases could be further utilized by carbon-fixing microorganism such as Clostridium sp. to produce ethanol as the end product. In order to obtain an optimum process, a robust and high performance strain is required and thus high ethanol yield as the main product can be expected. In this study, series of batch fermentation was carried out to select high performance strains for ethanol production. Bottle serum fermentations were performed using CO-gas as the sole carbon source to evaluate the potential of some Clostridia species such as Clostridium ljungdahlii, C. ragsdalei, and C. carboxidovorans in producing ethanol at various concentration of yeast extract as the organic nitrogen source, salt concentration, and buffer composition. Strain with the highest ethanol production in the optimum media will be further utilized in the upscale fermentation.

scholarly journals An Innovative Biocatalyst for Continuous 2G Ethanol Production from Xylo-Oligomers by Saccharomyces cerevisiae through Simultaneous Hydrolysis, Isomerization, and Fermentation (SHIF)

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Milessi-Esteves ◽  
Felipe Corradini ◽  
Willian Kopp ◽  
Teresa Zangirolami ◽  
Paulo Tardioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Xylose Isomerase ◽  
Ethanol Productivity ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Birchwood Xylan ◽  
Alginate Gel ◽  
Industrial Implementation ◽  
Ca Alginate

Many approaches have been considered aimed at ethanol production from the hemicellulosic fraction of biomass. However, the industrial implementation of this process has been hindered by some bottlenecks, one of the most important being the ease of contamination of the bioreactor by bacteria that metabolize xylose. This work focuses on overcoming this problem through the fermentation of xylulose (the xylose isomer) by native Saccharomyces cerevisiae using xylo-oligomers as substrate. A new concept of biocatalyst is proposed, containing xylanases and xylose isomerase (XI) covalently immobilized on chitosan, and co-encapsulated with industrial baker’s yeast in Ca-alginate gel spherical particles. Xylo-oligomers are hydrolyzed, xylose is isomerized, and finally xylulose is fermented to ethanol, all taking place simultaneously, in a process called simultaneous hydrolysis, isomerization, and fermentation (SHIF). Among several tested xylanases, Multifect CX XL A03139 was selected to compose the biocatalyst bead. Influences of pH, Ca2+, and Mg2+ concentrations on the isomerization step were assessed. Experiments of SHIF using birchwood xylan resulted in an ethanol yield of 0.39 g/g, (76% of the theoretical), selectivity of 3.12 gethanol/gxylitol, and ethanol productivity of 0.26 g/L/h.

scholarly journals Sweet sorghum: broth clarification with enzymatic treatment increases the quality of the fermentation wort for ethanol production

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37094
Author(s):  
Osania Emerenciano Ferreira ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Gravatim Costa ◽  
Aline Ferreira Silva ◽  
Nayara Abrão Montijo ◽  
Miguel Angelo Mutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Amylolytic Enzymes ◽  
Fermentation Efficiency ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

Sweet sorghum is currently being evaluated throughout the world as a raw material for biofuel production because its stem juices are rich in sugars that can be directly fermented to ethanol. In this work, the fermentative efficiency of three sweet sorghum genotypes was evaluated, aiming at ethanol production, harvested in two seasons, clean and whole stems, and the treatment of the juice and broth with amylolytic enzymes in order to use the present starch to increase the production of ethanol. The experiment was carried out in the 2013/2014 harvest, in the municipality of Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil, located at 21°14’05’’S and 48°17’09’’W. The experimental design was completely randomized, with sub-subdivided plots and four replications. The primary treatments were the sweet sorghum genotypes (CV147, CV198, and BRS508), the secondary treatments, the type of harvest (whole stems and clean stems); the tertiary the two sampling times (102 and 116 days after sowing - d.a.s) and the quaternary the application of enzymes. In the fermentation process, the yeast PE-2 was used, at the end, the wine was recovered and characterized. Fermentation efficiency and liters of ethanol per ton of sorghum were calculated. The clarification of the juice with enzymatic treatment increases the quality of the fermentation broth and makes it possible to obtain wines with lower levels of RRTs and Brix. Fermentation efficiency is not affected by the genotype; however, it is influenced by the time of harvest and the technological quality of the juice. The use of amylolytic enzymes makes it possible to obtain wines with lower levels of RRTS and Brix. The best period of industrialization was at 102 d.a.s., and the processing of whole stalks resulted in less ethanol production.

scholarly journals The Potential of Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum in Sub-Saharan Africa as Affected by Variety and Sowing Time

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Maarouf I. Mohammed ◽  
Salma I. Abdalbagi
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Cane Juice ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Sub Saharan

Renewable bio-energy is receiving worldwide importance in view of depleting fossil energy. Research works on sorghum as bio-fuel crop in sub-Saharan Africa are meager. The study aimed to investigate the potential of sweet sorghum for ethanol production from stem-juice. The experiment was conducted in Sudan, Khartoum State, during 2016-2017. Forty local and exotic sweet sorghum varieties arranged in RCB Design were investigated under irrigated conditions across three sowing times. Yields of cane, juice, sugar, ethanol and related attributes were studied. Highly significant differences (P=.01) were detected among varieties and interaction with sowing time. Ethanol yield potentials for some varieties were comparable to those reported in India and USA (1162-1416 L ha-1). High brix values (20-22%) and cane yields (45-51 ha-1) were encountered. Juice yield was low (3673-13743 L ha-1) probably due to reduced milling efficiency. The exotic materials performed better than the local ones in theoretical ethanol productivity and related attributes other than cane yield. Eight exotic and five local varieties were recommended for ethanol production. None of the Ankolib materials appeared to have notable potential for ethanol production. Interaction of sowing time with variety has great impact on ethanol yield implying the importance of variety option for different sowing times. It was concluded that the study furnished basic data needed for assessing the economic feasibility of ethanol production from irrigated sweet sorghum in sub-Saharan Africa-Sudan.

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