scholarly journals Detection of Early Sero-Conversion HIV Infection Using the INSTI HIV-1 Antibody Point-of-Care Test

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrel Cook ◽  
Mark Gilbert ◽  
Lillo DiFrancesco ◽  
Mel Krajden
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Hiv 1

The performance of the Alere HIV combo point-of-care test on stored serum samples; useful for detection of early HIV-1 infections?

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla van Tienen ◽  
Sharona Rugebregt ◽  
Sandra Scherbeijn ◽  
Hannelore Götz ◽  
Corine Geurts van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
P24 Antigen ◽  
Hiv 1

IntroductionThe Alere HIV-1/2 Antigen/Antibody Combo point-of-care test is a commercially available 4th-generation rapid test for the diagnosis of HIV infection, including acute infection. We evaluated the sensitivity of this test in samples from patients with acute, recent or chronic HIV-1 infection.MethodsA validation of the test was performed using 89 HIV-positive serum samples collected in 2008–2016, that were stored at −20°C. Twenty-three samples were only p24-positive (acute infection); 49 samples were antibody-positive and p24-positive (recent infection); 17 samples were only antibody-positive (chronic infection). HIV infection was confirmed by standard-of-care assays and PCR. Samples came from patients attending an outpatient clinic for STDs at the Public Health Department and from patients within the Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ResultsThe overall sensitivity of the test for diagnosing HIV infection based on detection of p24 antigen and/or antibodies was 92% (95% CI 86% to 98%) (82/89). In acute sera with only p24 antigen positivity, the sensitivity of the test decreased to 65% (95% CI 46% to 85%) (15/23). When both antibody and antigen testing were positive, the p24 sensitivity was only 24% (95% CI 12% to 36%) (12/49), but in these sera the final test result was positive in all sera (49/49) due to the positive antibody component.ConclusionsIn a laboratory setting, this test has an overall sensitivity of 92% to detect any stage of HIV-1 infection using sera specimens. It performs relatively well in detecting early HIV and may be beneficial as an initial screening in patients with a recent exposure to HIV. Additional testing in a laboratory setting remains mandatory as a proportion of acute HIV-1 infections are missed with this test.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Rapid Point of Care Test for Detecting Acute and Established HIV Infection, and Examining the Role of Study Quality on Diagnostic Accuracy: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0149592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Smallwood ◽  
Rohit Vijh ◽  
Bénédicte Nauche ◽  
Bertrand Lebouché ◽  
Lawrence Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Point Of Care Test

scholarly journals Xpert HIV-1 point-of-care test for neonatal diagnosis of HIV in the birth testing programme of a maternity hospital: a field evaluation study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e442-e448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Günter Technau ◽  
Louise Kuhn ◽  
Ashraf Coovadia ◽  
Pamela M Murnane ◽  
Gayle Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Testing Programme ◽  
Neonatal Diagnosis ◽  
Birth Testing ◽  
Hiv 1

Laboratory Diagnosis and Monitoring of HIV Infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Jeffery- Smith ◽  
C. Y. William Tong
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Window Period ◽  
P24 Antigen ◽  
Exposure Risks ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Hiv 1

In the majority of UK laboratories initial testing for HIV is now performed using a fourth generation test, which is a combination test for antibody to HIV and p24 antigen. These tests should be able to detect antibody to both HIV-1 and HIV-2. In addition, due to the heterogeneity of the virus they should be able to reliably detect antibody to the main circulating subtypes of HIV-1, i.e. group M (Major), O (Outlier), and N (non-M, non-O). The p24 antigen is an HIV capsid protein which is produced in large quantities during initial infection, prior to seroconversion. The sensitivity and specificity of fourth generation tests is typically > 99%. However, all positive results need further confirmation tests, as discussed below. Third generation laboratory assays only test for the presence of antibody to HIV. Though it includes the detection of IgM (which is not included in second generation assays), they do not detect early infection with isolated HIV antigen prior to seroconversion. Point-of-care testing for HIV is performed in the clinic or at bedside. Like laboratory based assays these tests can be either third or fourth generation. The sensitivity and specificity of point-of-care tests is considered lower than that of laboratory tests, and all positive results require confirmation with a laboratory assay. The window period is the length of time following infection with HIV until the appearance of laboratory markers of HIV infection in the blood. This period varies depending on which marker, i.e. antibody or antigen, is being tested for. The window period for fourth-generation tests is between eleven days and one month. Patients being counselled prior to this testing should be advised that a negative result does not cover risk exposures in the preceding month. These patients should be advised to have repeat testing if they have any further exposure risks in the preceding month prior to testing. For third-generation tests the window period is up to three months, correlating with the amount of time it may take for antibodies to HIV to develop.

scholarly journals P95  The ability of the alere™ hivcombo point-of care test to detect acute HIV infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A47.2-A47
Author(s):  
Naomi Fitzgerald ◽  
Maria Cross ◽  
Siobhan O’Shea ◽  
Julie Fox
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Acute Hiv Infection ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Acute Hiv

Multicountry Validation of SAMBA - A Novel Molecular Point-of-Care Test for HIV-1 Detection in Resource-Limited Setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. e52-e57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson Ondiek ◽  
Zikulah Namukaya ◽  
Sekesai Mtapuri-Zinyowera ◽  
Suna Balkan ◽  
Ali Elbireer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Resource Limited Setting ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Limited Setting

scholarly journals HIV 1-2 Ag/Ab selective and combined detection by a new rapid point-of-care test

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Monari ◽  
Serenella Valaperta ◽  
Eleonora Baldassarre ◽  
Roberto Assandri ◽  
Alessandro Montanelli
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Combined Detection ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Comparison of Standard and Point of Care CD4+ T Lymphocyte Measurement Methods in HIV-1 Infected Turkish Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Müge Toygar Deniz ◽  
Sıla Akhan ◽  
Murat Sayan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Turkish Patients ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background and Objectives: CD4 + T lymphocytes are the primary targets of HIV infection. Absolute CD4 + T lymphocyte count is an indicator of immune competence in evaluating the stage of the disease, delayed diagnosis, need for prophylaxis against opportunistic infections and the treatment success. In this study, we aimed to compare standard flow cytometry and point of care CD4 + T lymphocyte measurement analysis techniques in terms of cost, effectiveness, compliance, reliability, time and the use of this method for disease progression for the HIV-1 infected Turkish patients. Methods: This study includes 116 patients with chronic HIV infection. Patients under treatment, over 18 years old are included. CD4 + T lymphocyte count and percentage were enumerated by flow cytometry, which is the gold standard method. Also hemoglobin level was studied. These parameters were also studied with a new POC method called Cartridge. The data obtained by two methods are compared. Results: Of the 113 patients, 96 (85%) were male, 17 (15%) were female, and the mean age of the group was 43. When compared two methods, Spearman's correlation coefficients demonstrated good correlation for hemoglobin (r = 0.764). For CD4 + T lymphocyte measurements, correlation coefficients were lower (r = 0.725 and 0.515 respectively) but still statistically significant (p < 0.001). According to Bland-Altman analysis, the average difference for hemoglobin shows strong correlation for different measurements. Conclusions: In resource-limited countries, not all patients can receive ART. Therefore, this test is important in order to instantly detect patients who are in urgent compliance to initiate treatment with CD4 measurement. Hemoglobin measurement is the best parameter between the two methods that can be compared in our opinion because it is determined in a more standardized way. As we found in our study, the high correlation of hemoglobin values may give an idea about the reliability of the new method.

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