Reconstruction of Missing Hourly Precipitation Data to Increase Training Data Set for ANN

This paper investigates the hourly precipitation estimation capacities of ANN using raw data and reconstructed data using proposed Precipitation Sliding Window Period (PSWP) method. The precipitation data from 11 Automatic Weather Station (AWS) of Delhi has been obtained from Jan 2015 to Feb 2016. The proposed PSWP method uses both time and space dimension to fill the missing precipitation values. Hourly precipitation follows patterns in particular period along with its neighbor stations. Based on these patterns of precipitation, Local Cluster Sliding Window Period (LCSWP) and Global Cluster Sliding Window Period (GCSWP) are defined for single AWS and all AWSs respectively. Further, GCSWP period is classified into four different categories to fill the missing precipitation data based on patterns followed in it. The experimental results indicate that ANN trained with reconstructed data has better estimation results than the ANN trained with raw data. The average RMSE for ANN trained with raw data is 0.44 and while that for neural network trained with reconstructed data is 0.34.

The Capital Market Response to The Announcement of The 2019-2024 Indonesia Onward Cabinet System

This research aims to examine capital market response to the 2019-2024 Indonesia Onward Cabinet System announced by President Jokowi. This event study research used market estimation model to estimate the expected return with an estimated period of 100 days and window period of seven days. There were 90 companies that are the member of Kompas Index 100 as the sample used in this research. T-test was used to analyze the data. The result shows that the announcement System of Indonesia Onward Cabinet 2019-2024 was responded positively and significantly by capital market. The result supports signaling theory in which the announcement of the 2019-2024 Indonesia Onward Cabinet System gave positive signal (influence) on capital market.

Prevalensi HBsAg Positif Antara Donor Darah Sukarela Dengan Donor Darah Pengganti Di UTD PMI Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2019-2020

ABSTRACT: PREVALENCE OF POSITIVE HBsAg BETWEEN VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATIONS AND REPLACEMENT BLOOD DONATIONS AT PMI UTD LAMPUNG PROVINCE 2019-2020 Background: The risk of transmission of HBV infection through blood transfusion depends on many things, including the prevalence of disease in the community, the recipient's immune status, the number of donors per unit of blood, and the effectiveness of the screening used. The main disease transmission will occur during the window period, which is a period immediately after infection in which the donor's blood has been infected but the screening result is still negative.Objective: To determine the prevalence of positive HBsAg between voluntary blood donations and replacement blood donations at the PMI UTD in Lampung Province in 2019-2020. Methodology: The type of research used in this research is quantitative descriptive with cross-sectional design. The sample used in this study were blood donors at UTD PMI Lampung Province in 2019-2020.Results: The prevalence of voluntary blood donation with positive HBsAg in 2019 was obtained as many as 70 people (33.65%) while the prevalence of replacement blood donors with positive HBsAg in 2019 was obtained as many as 8 people (16%). Then, the prevalence of positive HBsAg voluntary blood donors in 2020 was found to be 138 people (66.35%) while the prevalence of positive HBsAg blood donors in 2020 was 42 people (84%).Conclusion: There is a difference in the prevalence of both voluntary blood donors and replacement blood donors between 2019 and 2020. and the prevalence of HBsAg positive in blood donors is different every year. Keywords: Blood Transfusion, Volunteer, Replacement, HBsAg INTISARI: PREVALENSI HBsAg POSITIF ANTARA DONOR DARAH SUKARELA DENGAN DONOR DARAH PENGGANTI DI UTD PMI PROVINSI LAMPUNG TAHUN 2019-2020 Latar Belakang: Risiko penularan pada infeksi HBV melalui transfusi darah bergantung pada banyak hal, antara lain yaitu adanya prevalensi penyakit pada masyarakat, status imun resipien, jumlah donor tiap unit darah dan keefektifan skrining yang di gunakan. Penularan penyakit yang utama akan timbul pada saat window period, yaitu suatu periode segera terjadi setelah terinfeksi dimana darah donor sudah terinfeksi tetapi hasil skrining masih negative.Tujuan: Mengetahui Prevalensi HBsAg Positif Antara Donor Darah Sukarela Dengan Donor Darah Pengganti Di UTD PMI Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2019-2020.Metodologi: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pendonor darah di UTD PMI Provinsi Lampung tahun 2019-2020.Hasil: Prevalensi donor darah sukarela dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2019 didapatkan sebanyak 70 orang (33,65%) sementara prelavensi donor darah pengganti dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2019 didapatkan sebanyak 8 orang (16%). Lalu, prevalensi donor darah sukarela dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2020 didapatkan sebanyak 138 orang (66,35%) sementara untuk prevalensi donor darah pengganti dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2020 didapatkan sebanyak 42 orang (84%).Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan prevalensi baik donor darah sukarela maupun donor darah pengganti antara tahun 2019 dengan tahun 2020. Dan prevalensi HBsAg Positif pada donor darah berbeda-beda setiap tahun. Kata Kunci : Donor Darah, Sukarela, Pengganti, HBsAg

Clinical-Diffusion Mismatch Is Associated with Early Neurological Improvement after Late-Window Endovascular Treatment

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Clinical-diffusion mismatch (CDM) and perfusion-diffusion mismatch (PDM) are used to select patients for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in the late-window period. As CDM well reflects true penumbra, we hypothesized that patients with CDM and PDM would respond better to EVT than those with PDM only at the late-window period. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Acute ischemic stroke patients who received EVT 6–24 h after stroke onset were included. PDM (perfusion-/diffusion-weighted image (DWI) lesion volume &#x3e;1.8) was used to select candidates for EVT in this time-period in our center. CDM was defined according to the DAWN trial criteria. Response to EVT was compared between patients with and without CDM. Early neurological improvement (ENI) was defined as improvement &#x3e;4 points on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score 1 day after EVT. Multivariable analysis was performed to investigate independent factors associated with ENI. The correlation between DWI lesion volume and NIHSS score was investigated in those with and without CDM. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among 94 patients enrolled, all patients had PDM and 44 (46.3%) had CDM. Forty-eight patients (51.1%) showed ENI. The prevalence of hypertension, initial NIHSS score, improvement in NIHSS score after EVT, and prevalence of ENI were greater in patients with CDM than those without. ENI was independently associated with onset-to-door time (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.998 [0.997–1.000]; <i>p</i> = 0.042), complete recanalization (23.912 [2.238–255.489]; <i>p</i> = 0.009), initial NIHSS score (1.180 [1.012–1.377]; <i>p</i> = 0.034), and the presence of CDM (5.160 [1.448–18.386]; <i>p</i> = 0.011). The correlation between DWI lesion volume and initial NIHSS score was strong in patients without CDM (<i>r</i> = 0.731) but only moderate in patients with CDM (<i>r</i> = 0.355). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Patients with both CDM and PDM had a better response to late-window EVT than those with PDM only.

Climate change in a typical Apulian region for table grape production: spatialisation of bioclimatic indices, classification and Future Scenarios

The present research focused on the characterisation of climate evolution in a typical Apulian region for table grape production under the protected geographical indication, “Uva di Puglia I.G.P.”Two thirty-year time window period (TW) were analysed: 1961-1990 and 1991-2020. Georeferenced maps for both TWs were produced to delimit homogeneous zones and to evaluate the climate variability within the investigated area by means of the two bioclimatic indices, Heliothermal Index (HI) and Winkler Index (WI). Spatial analysis of HI and WI was performed using the regression-kriging (RK) interpolation method and the Digital Elevation Model/DEM (10 x 10 m) as a prediction attribute.An increase in both the minimum and maximum temperatures was observed, and locations above 300 m a.s.l. shifted from HI+1 “temperate warm” to HI+2 “warm” according to the Geoviticulture Multicriteria Climatic Classification System. WI values similarly increased between the periods 1961–1990 and 1991–2020, shifting all the sites grouped in the Elevation Classes defined as being below 300 m a.s.l. from Region IV to Region V of the Winkler Classification.According to HI and WI, presumed maturity was calculated as being reached 9 to 15 (HI) and 12 to 28 days (WI) earlier in 1991–2020 than in 1961–1990, taking into account the heat requirements of cv. Italia table grape (representative of Apulian table grape production), were set at 2200 for both indices on the basis of literature data.Moreover, three table grape vineyards, located in the three main producing provinces of Apulia (Bari, Taranto and Barletta-Andria-Trani (BAT)), were considered for future scenarios analysis on the basis of two different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), 4.5 and 8.5, and classified according to the Geoviticulture Multicriteria Climatic Classification System (MCC). Future scenarios scored WI values that exceeded the threshold of 2700 in the BAT and TA provinces in the 2061–2090 time window period for RCP 8.5. In contrast, RCP 4.5 led to a mitigating effect, which was not noticeable until 2040, with a consequent reclassification of the investigated areas on the basis of HI and Cool Night Index (CI).These findings suggest that in order to prevent or overcome heat stress, it will be necessary to implement strategies, such as vineyard relocation to unexplored elevations or latitudes and/or the exploitation of new table grape varieties able to fulfill the optimal maturity parameters, even when the duration of the phenological phases is shorter.

Barrett’s Epithelium to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Is There a “Point of No Return”?

Background: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) arises from Barrett’s epithelium (BE), and chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease is considered the strongest risk factor for disease progression. All BE patients undergo acid suppressive therapy, surveillance, and BE removal by surgery or endoscopic ablation, yet the incidence of EAC continues to increase. Despite the known side effects and mortality, the one-size-fits-all approach is the standard clinical management as there are no reliable methods for risk stratification.Methods: Paired-end Illumina NextSeq500 RNA sequencing was performed on total RNA extracted from 20-week intervals (0, 20, 40, and 60 W) of an in vitro BE carcinogenesis (BEC) model to construct time series global gene expression patterns (GEPs). The cells from two strategic time points (20 and 40 W) based on the GEPs were grown for another 20 weeks, with and without further acid and bile salt (ABS) stimulation, and the recurrent neoplastic cell phenotypes were evaluated.Results: Hierarchical clustering of 866 genes with ≥ twofold change in transcript levels across the four time points revealed maximum variation between the BEC20W and BEC40W cells. Enrichment analysis confirmed that the genes altered ≥ twofold during this window period associated with carcinogenesis and malignancy. Intriguingly, the BEC20W cells required further ABS exposure to gain neoplastic changes, but the BEC40W cells progressed to malignant transformation after 20 weeks even in the absence of additional ABS.Discussion: The transcriptomic gene expression patterns in the BEC model demonstrate evidence of a clear threshold in the progression of BE to malignancy. Catastrophic transcriptomic changes during a window period culminate in the commitment of the BE cells to a “point of no return,” and removal of ABS is not effective in preventing their malignant transformation. Discerning this “point of no return” during BE surveillance by tracking the GEPs has the potential to evaluate risk of BE progression and enable personalized clinical management.

DOOR-TO-NEEDLE TIME AND THE FACTORS IMPEDING THROMBOLYSIS OF ACUTE STROKE PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN INDIA

Background: Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke is time-sensitive with a narrow window period for treatment initiation. The recommended Door-to-needle (DTN) time of <60 minutes is seldom achieved in Indian centers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the DTN time at our hospital and identify the factors that limit thrombolysis of acute stroke patients. Materials and Methods: All patients that presented with signs of stroke from September to December 2019 were studied. Patient's demographics, details of symptoms, time of symptom onset, and contraindications to thrombolysis were recorded. The Symptom-to-Door, Doorto-Physician, Door-to-Imaging and Door-to-Needle times were calculated from key temporal data. The factors that inuenced the DTN time were also recorded. Results: Out of the 241 patients that presented with symptoms of stroke, 43 (17.8%) were within the window period. Nine patients were thrombolysed and among these, one (11.1%) was started on rt-PA within 1 hour of arrival. The mean DTN time was 112 minutes (median - 102 minutes). Conclusion: The DTN time in this study was much higher than what is recommended. The major factors that impede thrombolysis are: ignorance among the public, lack of a proper triage system at various levels, and lack of a dedicated stroke protocol/team.