scholarly journals Design Provisions for An Easy Intervention in the Future Life of a Structure. The Case of the Post- Byzantine Timber-roofed Basilicas of Troodos Area in Cyprus

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Marios Pelekanos
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
The Future ◽  
Constructional Feature ◽  
Construction System

Background: This article deals with the timber- roofed basilicas of Troodos which were built from the mid-15th to the late-19th century AD. The most impressive constructional feature of these basilicas is the existence of two constructionally distinctive, but cooperating, parts of the roof. The basilicas’ construction system is mainly characterized by the ability to confront successfully the dynamic loads of an earthquake. Objective: This study investigates design provisions that can make easier any future intervention and retrofitting. Methods It is suggested that the design concept of these basilicas incorporated, among other objectives, a remarkable provision for an easy repair intervention and retrofitting, at a later stage during their life. The timber- roofed basilicas of Troodos demonstrate a cleverly designed structure, where the co-operation between the roof and masonry plays an important role in their anti-seismic design. Results and Conclusion: The timber-roofed basilicas of Troodos present a remarkable design provision that made intervention an easy task, at any stage of their future life. This particular design concept seems to be valuable even today and can be easily adopted when designing modern contemporary structures with a long-term life objective.

Modern Architecture in Southeast Asia, an Introduction. Asia, North-South-West-East

2017 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Setiadi Sopandi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yamana ◽  
Johannes Widodo ◽  
Shin Muramatsu
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
South West ◽  
Asian Cities ◽  
The Future ◽  
Asian Economy

The Asian economy began to rebound in the early 2000s. Cities were, once again, expanding along with the population and industrialization. Architectural projects, after having halted for a few years, were coming back providing new opportunities for Asian practices. Sharing optimism as well as anxieties, Asian architects and scholars were looking forward to the future as well as once again taking a glimpse back at their recent architectural past, roughly from the late 19th century and throughout the 20th century. With this opportunity, they decided to take a moment to reflect on how Asian cities, landscapes, and their architectural heritage were shaped, altered, grown in the process of Asian societies embracing modernity.

scholarly journals Circular economy performance of EMAS organizations in Poland based on an analysis of environmental statements

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 536-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Janik ◽  
Marek Szafraniec
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
The Future ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The transition from the linear model to the circular economy (CE) model is not an easy task and it requires constant monitoring of the achieved effects. Taking this fact into consideration, in January 2018 the European Union (EU) set 10 indicators to monitor and evaluate the main elements of the circular economy in the EU and its Member States. The list of indicators is short and it is based on the use of current available data. The monitoring results are intended to constitute the basis for setting new priorities towards the long-term goal of the circular economy. In case of companies there is still no framework for monitoring the effects of circular economy at micro level. In practice, various indicators for circularity assessment at micro level are available, but each of the indicators evaluates the complexity of circular economy to different extent. For this reason, there is a need to create a framework for monitoring the circular economy at company level, which would also be based on information already collected by the companies for the preparation of various environmental reports. Therefore, this article presents the results of review 66 environmental statements, which are prepared and updated annually by organizations participating in the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) system in Poland. On this basis, it was determined what circular economy information are already collected and reported by the companies and which information can be included in the framework of circular economy monitoring at company level in the future.

scholarly journals The War of the Romantics: An Alternate Hypothesis Using nPVI for the Quantitative Anthropology of Music

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh VanHandel
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Alternate Hypothesis ◽  
Compositional Styles ◽  
Italian Music ◽  
Anthropology Of Music

This response offers an alternate interpretation for the data described in Joseph Daniele's 2016 article "A tool for the quantitative anthropology of music: Use of the nPVI equation to analyze rhythmic variability within long-term historical patterns in music." I examine Daniele's argument that there is an overall rising trend in rhythmic variability in German composition from 1600-1950, and offer an alternate, historically informed explanation based on the re-examination of the data. The rising trend does not appear to be consistent throughout time, and rather than being the result of the waning influence of Italian music on German music, I suggest an alternative hypothesis concerning documented differences between late 19th century German composers and their compositional styles.

scholarly journals Stevenson at Vulcano in the late 19th century

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 303-323
Author(s):  
Effie Photos-Jones ◽  
B Barrett ◽  
G Christidis
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
The 19Th Century

This project seeks to recover and record the archaeological evidence associated with the extraction of sulfur (and perhaps other minerals as well) by James Stevenson, a Glasgow industrialist, from the volcanic island of Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy, in the second half of the 19th century. This short preliminary report sets the scene by linking archival material with present conditions and by carrying out select mineralogical analyses of the type of the mineral resource Stevenson may have explored. New 3D digital recording tools (structure-from-Motion photogrammetry) have been introduced to aid future multidisciplinary research. This is a long-term project which aims to examine a 19th-century Scottish mining venture in a southern European context and its legacy on the communities involved. It also aims to view Stevenson’s activities in a diachronic framework, namely as an integral part of a tradition of minerals exploration in southern Italy from the Roman period or earlier.

Looking Forward, Looking Back

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-81
Author(s):  
Debbie Fraser Askin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Future ◽  
Anniversary Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infant Incubator ◽  
Looking Back

MAJOR MILESTONES SUCH AS birthdays and anniversaries provide us with an opportunity to look back and reflect on what has gone before us. They are also a perfect time to look to the future. This special anniversary issue of Neonatal Network® features many reflections of the past twenty years of neonatal care—although for many of us, our history of caring for babies goes back much farther. Do we start with the opening of the first NICU in 1965, or do our influences reach back much farther to the work of some of the early pioneers in neonatal care? Do we mark our beginnings with the development of the first infant incubator (Stéphane Tarnier, Paris France) in 1878, or with the work of another Parisian, Pierre-Constant Budin who in the late 19th century developed many of the principles that formed the basis of neonatal medicine?

The Decline of Natural Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Banner
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Law ◽  
American Legal System

Before the late 19th century, natural law played an important role in the American legal system. Lawyers routinely used it in their arguments, and judges often relied upon it in their opinions. Today, by contrast, natural law plays virtually no role in the legal system. When natural law was part of a lawyer’s toolkit, lawyers thought of judges as finders of the law, but when natural law dropped out of the legal system, lawyers began thinking of judges as makers of the law instead. The Decline of Natural Law explores the causes and consequences of this change. It discusses the ways in which lawyers used natural law and why the concept seemed reasonable to them. It examines several long-term trends in legal thought that weakened the position of natural law, including the use of written constitutions, the gradual separation of the spheres of law and religion, the rapid growth of legal publishing, and the position of natural law in some of the 19th century’s most contested legal issues. It describes the profession’s rejection of natural law in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. And it explores the ways in which the legal system responded to the absence of natural law.

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