scholarly journals Analysis of Stray Current Induced by Cathodic Protection on Steel- Framed Masonry Structures

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Stray Current

An Array of Multielectrodes for Locating, Visualizing, and Quantifying Stray Current Corrosion

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/2828 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1093-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Wang ◽  
Facundo Bob Varela ◽  
Mike Yongjun Tan
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Laboratory Simulation ◽  
Buried Pipeline ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Pipeline Corrosion ◽  
Probe Array

An array of multielectrode corrosion probes, designed based on a series of coupled wire beam electrodes (WBEs), has been devised as a new tool for locating, visualizing, and quantifying the effects of stray currents on buried pipeline corrosion. It has been demonstrated in laboratory simulation experiments that this WBE probe array is capable of detecting stray current corrosion affected sites along a pipeline, visualizing stray current corrosion patterns and corrosion rates, and evaluating the efficiency of cathodic protection against stray current corrosion. Based on these results, two applications of this WBE probe array have been proposed for stray current corrosion survey and monitoring.

Integrity Challenges Associated with Stray Current Corrosion Across Monolithic IJ's and Resolutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Salem Al Salemi ◽  
Saleh Salem Al Ameri ◽  
Ajiv Mohan Nair ◽  
Humaid Musabah Al Ali ◽  
Mario Jr Javier Zantua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Ionic Current ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Internal Lining

Abstract Corrosion and subsequent failures is one of the main factors affecting uninterrupted operations of Oil & Gas Industries. Pipelines are considered as most convenient means of crude and gas transportation in Oil & Gas Industry. Buried pipelines generally made of low carbon steel material are protected externally by coating and applying impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP). Monitoring and maintaining adequate level of Cathodic Protection (CP) for such pipelines remains challenging for corrosion engineers due to increased level of field congestion, complexity in accurate current mapping and mitigation of corrosion phenomena. Failure of pipelines due to corrosion can be catastrophic with following consequences: Loss of containment fluid and thereby probable fatalityDamage to asset/company reputationSafety and Environment (Fire, Toxic gases and Oil Spill)Resource and downtime cost impact Isolation joints IJ's are designed with very high insulating material at mating areas and installed on pipelines by welding to avoid loss of Cathodic Protection (CP) current. Due to high electrical insulation, a potential difference is formed across of IJ's due to applied CP current and stray currents. In upstream Oil & Gas Industry, multiphase crude transported via pipeline will have certain percentage of water and will induce an internal conductive path across the IJs resulting in ionic current discharge at anodic areas within internal surface. This study focuses on factors contributing to such internal stray current corrosion, limitation in monitoring methodology and mitigation programs. The study concludes with recommendations such as design modifications, improvement in internal lining properties and improved installation guidelines. The study practically illustrates effectiveness of combined resistive bonding and zinc earthing cells installation for controlling stray current propagation in order to reduce the corrosion rate so as to maintain Integrity of pipelines.

Evaluation of Stray Current Effect on the Cathodic Protection of Underground Pipeline

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Park ◽  
Y. B. Cho ◽  
K. S. Jeon ◽  
S. M. Lee ◽  
Y. T. Kho
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Underground Pipeline ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Potential Measurement

Two types of stray current which affect the cathodic protection of underground pipeline are discussed. One is the stray current by DC transit system and the other is that originated from the nearby cathodic protection system. The popular evaluation methods of the pipe-to-siol potential measurement was undertaken to evaluate the corrosion activity of pipeline. In case when the pipe was affected by the stray current, the measured pipe-to soil potential was significantly deviated from the mean value resulting in normal distribution. Analysis of such distribution pattern has revealed that the pipe under investigation was in the condition of insufficient protection (noble mean potential and high asymmetry coefficient) due to the considerable effect of stray current (high standard deviation value). It was also confirmed that the efficiency of drainage system was so low (<10%) due to the improper selection of drainage point. Simultaneous measurement of the magnitude and direction of the sheath current resulted in information about the place where stray current entered into pipe and escaped to soil. For the second case of stray current problem, it is shown that it has been caused by the combined interference from nearby CP system.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Influence of AC Stray Current on the Cathodic Protection of Buried Pipe

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingmiao Ding ◽  
Yueming Fan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Buried Pipe ◽  
Ir Drop ◽  
Threshold Length ◽  
Protection Potential ◽  
Ground Potential ◽  
Coating Crack

The size of the damaged area of the coating and its position on the pipeline impacted the cathodic protection potential, and there was a damaged area of the greatest impact value. When damaged area was 300 mm2, the IR drop was the largest, and this situation could easily lead to inadequate protection; when the parallel spacing between pipeline and interference source was unchanged, the measured value curves of cathodic protection potential presented “U” shaped trend with the increasing stray current interference intensity. Under certain parallel spacing between pipeline and interference source, high alternating stray current intensity would cause serious negative offsets, so that the overprotection of the pipeline occurred, and make the coating crack; there was a parallel threshold length. When less than the threshold, the pipe-ground potential increases rapidly with the parallel length increasing. In order to judge whether a pipeline was interference by AC stray current and the risk of stray current corrosion, we should make a comprehensive analysis of the cathodic protection energizing potential, the switch-off potential, AC pipe-soil potential, IR drops, and so on.

Cathodic protection, corrosion and stray current corrosion of lead

1969 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
J.A. von Fraunhofer ◽  
T.S. de Gromoboy
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Stray Current

scholarly journals Mitigation of Interference in Impressed Current Cathodic Protection

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-57
Author(s):  
Adeoye I. Okunoye ◽  
Tobinson A. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Anode Current ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Impressed Current ◽  
Current Reduction ◽  
The Given ◽  
Impressed Current Cathodic Protection

This paper considers the strategies for the mitigation of the interference of Stray Current (SC) on Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of the American Petroleum Institute specification API 5L grade B pipeline carrying liquefied gas. SC shifts cathodic protection from its designated negative value, and hence expose the pipeline to corrosion. A model for SC was developed and then applied in MATLAB. From the given conditions of operation, an SC of 0.74 mA was obtained, with parametric simulation indicating a rise in SC as anode current output rises. On the other hand, the consequence of the distance of different pipeline from the ground level shows an inverse relationship, which is attributed to the resistance offered by the ground. In order to mitigate the influence of SC interference, two methods have been proposed in this study, the first being anode current reduction or source removal and the second option is increasing distance from the ground bed. To effectively mitigate against the stray current, the pipeline should be sufficiently buried over a distance of 5 m away from the ground bed, while the anode current should be operated as low as 3.5 mA, or better still the interfering source should be removed on the ground that the interfering source was installed after the installation of the protected pipeline.

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