Metal Nanoparticles from Algae: A Green Approach for the Synthesis, Characterization and their Biological Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Anju Arya ◽  
Tejpal Singh Chundawat
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles

In recent time, green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is the latest developing technology and received prodigious interest because it is easy, environmentally pristine, non-fouling, antitoxic, and lowcost approach. Green route of biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles via microbes such as bacteria, fungi, virus, yeast and algae has the potential to deliver sustainable and enviro safe protocol. Green synthesized metal nanoparticles are the most optimistic and novel agent for various catalytic and biological activities as antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer etc. without any toxic effects. Here, we reviewed algae-mediated green synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and their biological activity. Algae are photoautotrophic, eukaryotic, aquatic, unicellular or multicellular organisms. Algae commonly used for biosynthesis because they grow rapidly, their biomass growth on average ten times faster than higher plants and easy to handle experiments with algal species. Different algal strains such as red, green and brown algae are using for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Algae contain bioactive molecules and secondary metabolites that act as reducing, capping and stabilizing agent for manufacturing in nanoparticles. Biogenically synthesized metal and metal oxide nanoparticles characterized by different techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM (scanning electron microscopy), HR-TEM (high-resolution transmission electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), DLS (dynamic light scattering) zeta potential and exhibited biological activity. In future, research algal production of metal nanoparticles can be explored by the use of different microalgae and their applications in different areas such as biological activity, catalytic activity in the synthesis of organic compounds, medical diagnose and synthesis of nanocomposite, lipid nanoparticles and antibiofilm.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Nutraceuticals: Implications for Biological Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna A. Ali ◽  
Kareem A. Mosa
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Theranostic Applications ◽  
Combine Diagnosis

Background:: The concept of nutraceuticals has gained increased interest recently as it is based on using natural substances for therapeutic applications. However, limitations such as low bioavailability have restricted the use of these substances thus far. Nanoencapsulation of nutraceuticals has been proposed as a promising solution to circumvent such issues by increasing their bioavailability and targeting their release. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are amongst the inorganic nanocarriers that have been studied for their ability to encapsulate nutraceuticals. Objectives:: The aim of this article is to provide an overview of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and their synthesis and applications. Furthermore, the conjugation of these nanoparticles with nutraceuticals will be discussed along with their potential applications. Conclusion:: It has been observed that the conjugation of nutraceuticals with metal nanoparticles resulted in the cumulative properties of both these factors with increased effectiveness. Such advancements are crucial for nutraceutical use in important theranostic applications that combine diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles:Principles of Green Chemistry and Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Liubov Soltys ◽  
Ostap Olkhovyy ◽  
Tetiana Tatarchuk ◽  
Mu. Naushad
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Low Toxicity

Increased request for metal and metal oxide nanoparticles nanoparticles has led to their large-scale production using high-energy methods with various toxic solvents. This cause environmental contamination, thus eco-friendly “green” synthesis methods has become necessary. An alternative way to synthesize metal nanoparticles includes using bioresources, such as plants and plant products, bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, etc. “Green” synthesis has low toxicity, is safe for human health and environment compared to other methods, meaning it is the best approach for obtaining metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. This review reveals 12 principles of “green” chemistry and examples of biological components suitable for “green” synthesis, as well as modern scientific research of eco-friendly synthesis methods of magnetic and metal nanoparticles. Particularly, using extracts of green tea, fruits, roots, leaves, etc., to obtain Fe3O4 NPs. The various precursors as egg white (albumen), leaf and fruit extracts, etc., can be used for the „green” synthesis of spinel magnetic NPs. “Green” nanoparticles are being widely used as antimicrobials, photocatalysts and adsorbents. “Green” magnetic nanoparticles demonstrate low toxicity and high biocompatibility, which allows for their biomedical application, especially for targeted drug delivery, contrast imaging and magnetic hyperthermia applications. The synthesis of silver, gold, platinum and palladium nanoparticles using extracts from fungi, red algae, fruits, etc., has been described.

Star fruit extract-mediated green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sagadevan Suresh ◽  
Selvaraj Vennila ◽  
J. Anita Lett ◽  
Is Fatimah ◽  
Faruq Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Star Fruit

Biological Activity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 735-759
Author(s):  
Martin Himly ◽  
Mark Geppert ◽  
Albert Duschl
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Flower-Based Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: Applications beyond Fragrance

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Kumar ◽  
Kanchan Bhardwaj ◽  
Kamil Kuča ◽  
Anu Kalia ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gold And Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Metal Metal

Green synthesis has gained wide attention as a sustainable, reliable, and eco-friendly approach to the synthesis of a variety of nanomaterials, including hybrid materials, metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, and bioinspired materials. Plant flowers contain diverse secondary compounds, including pigments, volatile substances contributing to fragrance, and other phenolics that have a profound ethnobotanical relevance, particularly in relation to the curing of diseases by ‘Pushpa Ayurveda’ or floral therapy. These compounds can be utilized as potent reducing agents for the synthesis of a variety of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, iron, and cadmium. Phytochemicals from flowers can act both as reducing and stabilizing agents, besides having a role as precursor molecules for the formation of NPs. Furthermore, the synthesis is mostly performed at ambient room temperatures and is eco-friendly, as no toxic derivatives are formed. The NPs obtained exhibit unique and diverse properties, which can be harnessed for a variety of applications in different fields. This review reports the use of a variety of flower extracts for the green synthesis of several types of metallic nanoparticles and their applications. This review shows that flower extract was mainly used to design gold and silver nanoparticles, while other metals and metal oxides were less explored in relation to this synthesis. Flower-derived silver nanoparticles show good antibacterial, antioxidant, and insecticidal activities and can be used in different applications.

scholarly journals Mixture Effects of Diesel Exhaust and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Lung A549 Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerboni ◽  
Bengalli ◽  
Baeri ◽  
Fiandra ◽  
Catelani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Exhaust Particles

Airborne ultrafine particles (UFP) mainly derive from combustion sources (e.g., diesel exhaust particles—DEP), abrasion sources (non-exhaust particles) or from the unintentional release of engineered nanoparticles (e.g., metal oxide nanoparticles—NPs), determining human exposure to UFP mixtures. The aim of the present study was to analyse the combined in vitro effects of DEP and metal oxide NPs (ZnO, CuO) on human lung A549 cells. The mixtures and the relative single NPs (DEP, ZnO, CuO) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and inductively coupled plasma-optic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Cells were exposed for different times (3–72 h) to mixtures of standard DEP at a subcytotoxic concentration and ZnO and CuO at increasing concentrations. At the end of the exposure, the cytotoxicity was assessed by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) and clonogenic tests, the pro-inflammatory potential was evaluated by interleukin-8 (IL-8) release and the cell morphology was investigated by fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained results suggest that the presence of DEP may introduce new physico-chemical interactions able to increase the cytotoxicity of ZnO and to reduce that of CuO NPs.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Effect on the Unicellular Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhung H. A. Nguyen ◽  
Vinod Vellora Thekkae Padil ◽  
Vera I. Slaveykova ◽  
Miroslav Černík ◽  
Alena Ševců
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Unicellular Alga

scholarly journals Biocompatible Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Nanotechnology Improvement of Conventional Prosthetic Acrylic Resins

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. Acosta-Torres ◽  
Luz M. López-Marín ◽  
R. Elvira Núñez-Anita ◽  
Genoveva Hernández-Padrón ◽  
Victor M. Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Suspension Polymerization ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Dental Resins ◽  
Acrylic Resins

Nowadays, most products for dental restoration are produced from acrylic resins based on heat-cured Poly(Methyl MethAcrylate) (PMMA). The addition of metal nanoparticles to organic materials is known to increase the surface hydrophobicity and to reduce adherence to biomolecules. This paper describes the use of nanostructured materials, TiO2and Fe2O3, for simultaneously coloring and/or improving the antimicrobial properties of PMMA resins. Nanoparticles of metal oxides were included during suspension polymerization to produce hybrid metal oxides-alginate-containing PMMA. Metal oxide nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction. Physicochemical characterization of synthesized resins was assessed by a combination of spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, viscometry, porosity, and mechanical tests. Adherence ofCandida albicanscells and cellular compatibility assays were performed to explore biocompatibility and microbial adhesion of standard and novel materials. Our results show that introduction of biocompatible metal nanoparticles is a suitable means for the improvement of conventional acrylic dental resins.

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