Design, Optimization and Characterization of Granisetron HCl Loaded Nano-gel for Transdermal Delivery

Aim: The purpose of the study was to characterize transdermal delivery of xenon through rat skin from a lipophilic solution and from water. Methods: Sections of skin were obtained from adult rats (n=12) and were placed into static Franz diffusion cells for 24 h. Xenon diffusion coefficients were determined for diffusion from a lipophilic solution (n=6) and from water (n=6) to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) through skin and for diffusion from a lipophilic solution to PBS through a phase boundary in the absence of skin (n=6). Results: Xenon flux (JXe) through skin from the lipophilic solution was 0.036 mg/hour×cm2 and permeability coefficient (Kp) was 0.003 cm/h; JXe through skin from water was 0.029 mg/h×cm2 and the Kp was 0.002 cm/h. Total time for xenon diffusion through skin from lipophilic solution and from water was ~2 h. Conclusion: The study presents the first characterization of xenon diffusion through rat skin from multiphase solutions to PBS. These data may be useful for the development of xenon-rich pharmaceutical products for external use.

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Characterization of Temperature Profiles in Skin and Transdermal Delivery System When Exposed to Temperature Gradients In Vivo and In Vitro

Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.1007/s11095-017-2171-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (7) ◽

pp. 1491-1504 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Qian Zhang ◽

Michael Murawsky ◽

Terri LaCount ◽

Jinsong Hao ◽

Gerald B. Kasting ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Delivery System ◽

Transdermal Delivery ◽

Temperature Gradients ◽

Temperature Profiles ◽

Transdermal Delivery System

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Complete characterization of the spasing (L-L) curve of a three-level quantum coherence enhanced spaser for design optimization

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.5025354 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 112 (20) ◽

pp. 201108 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Lakshitha Kumarapperuma ◽

Malin Premaratne ◽

Pankaj K. Jha ◽

Mark I. Stockman ◽

Govind P. Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Design Optimization ◽

Quantum Coherence ◽

Complete Characterization

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Application-oriented mix design optimization and characterization of zeolite-based geopolymer mortars

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.101 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 174 ◽

pp. 138-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Néstor A. Ulloa ◽

Haci Baykara ◽

Mauricio H. Cornejo ◽

Andrés Rigail ◽

Cecilia Paredes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Design Optimization ◽

Mix Design

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Characterization of microneedles and microchannels for enhanced transdermal drug delivery

Therapeutic Delivery ◽

10.4155/tde-2020-0096 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ashana Puri ◽

Hiep X Nguyen ◽

Akeemat O Tijani ◽

Ajay K Banga

Keyword(s):

Transdermal Delivery ◽

Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽

Review Paper ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Kinetic Properties ◽

Different Types ◽

And Performance ◽

Tools And Techniques

Microneedle (MN)-based technologies are currently one of the most innovative approaches that are being extensively investigated for transdermal delivery of low molecular weight drugs, biotherapeutic agents and vaccines. Extensive research reports, describing the fabrication and applications of different types of MNs, can be readily found in the literature. Effective characterization tools to evaluate the quality and performance of the MNs as well as for determination of the dimensional and kinetic properties of the microchannels created in the skin, are an essential and critical part of MN-based research. This review paper provides a comprehensive account of all such tools and techniques.

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