Design, Fabrication and Characterization of Nanoliposomes Containing Snake Venom of Pseudocereaster percius

Background: Development of antivenom or antidote requires the repetition of immunization of large animals, such as horses and goats, which ultimately releases the IgG immunoglobulin produced in the serum specimen. As snake venom involves a variety of proteins and enzymes getting administered into the animal, this process can inflict significant harm to the animal, therefore choosing carriers that can deliver the least amount of venom could be a safer option for animal immunization Objective: In this research, nanoliposomes were used to encapsulate venom as a protected cargo for immunization. We used two distinct liposomal formulations to entrap the venom: 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) associated with cholesterol in one formulation and dimethyldioctadecylamonium (Bromide salt) paired with cholesterol in the other. Method: Liposomal formulations prepared by solvent evaporation method and the venom was encapsulated in liposomes and evaluated for size and zeta potential. Meanwhile, encapsulation efficiency, venom release percentage, and phospholipase activity have all been analyzed. Results: The findings revealed that dimethyldioctadecylamonium (Bromide salt) combined with cholesterol had the highest encapsulation efficiency. In this formulation, the venom release rate had a steady-state profile. The lack of phospholipase activity in this formulation may be due to a bromide group in the liposomal structure that could be useful for immunization. Conclusion: Liposomal formulations, which do not have the active site of the snake venom enzymes, could be used for venom encapsulation.

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Fabrication and Characterization of Quercetagetin-Loaded Nanoparticles Based on Shellac and Quaternized Chitosan: Improvement of Encapsulation Efficiency and Acid and Storage Stabilities

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01830 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Zhang ◽

Jiao Wang ◽

Xinyu Sun ◽

Yalan Zhang ◽

Mengna Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

Quaternized Chitosan ◽

Fabrication And Characterization ◽

And Storage

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Fabrication and Characterization of Facilitated Transport Membrane for Gas Separation

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.533 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 625 ◽

pp. 533-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rizwan Nasir ◽

Hilmi Mukhtar ◽

Zakaria Man

Keyword(s):

Gas Separation ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Membrane Material ◽

Solvent Evaporation Method ◽

Thermo Gravimetric ◽

Gas Separation Membrane ◽

Separation Membrane ◽

Fabrication And Characterization

The new membrane material containing facilitate transport medium to enhance the performance of gas separation membrane has been fabricated by using monoethanolamine (MEA) as a fixed carrier with different concentration (5 & 10 wt. %) by using the solvent evaporation method. The developed membranes were characterized by using Field Emission Electron Microscope (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The developed membranes were found nonporous and dense in structure.

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Preparation and Characterization of Two Different Liposomal Formulations with Bioactive Natural Extract for Multiple Applications

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9030432 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 432

Author(s):

Florina Miere (Groza) ◽

Simona Ioana Vicas ◽

Adrian Vasile Timar ◽

Mariana Ganea ◽

Mihaela Zdrinca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Scattering ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering ◽

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

The Body ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Stellaria Media ◽

Lipid Film ◽

Natural Extract ◽

Liposomal Formulations

Liposomes continue to attract great interest due to their increased bioavailability in the body and because the substances encapsulated are protected while maintaining their effectiveness. The aim of this study is to obtain “giant” liposomes by lipid film hydration using a preparation formula with two different phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylserine (PS). Firstly, the macro- and microscopic characterization, total phenols content and antioxidant capacity of the plant Stellaria media (L.) Vill. were assessed. Then, Stellaria media (L.) Vill. extract was encapsulated in both formulations (PCE and PSE) and the liposomes were characterized according to their morphology, size distribution and Zeta potential using optical microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The encapsulation efficiency (EE%) was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the values of both formulations were compared. PC and PCE liposomes with a diameter between 712 and 1000 nm and PS and PSE liposomes with a diameter between 58 and 1000 nm were obtained. The values EE% of Stellaria media (L.) Vill. extract for PCE and PSE were 92.09% and 84.25%, respectively.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Tripolyphosphate Nanoparticles and its Encapsulation Efficiency Containing Russell's Viper Snake Venom

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology ◽

10.1002/jbt.21502 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 406-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

C. Venkatesan ◽

S. Vimal ◽

A. S. Sahul Hameed

Keyword(s):

Snake Venom ◽

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Russell’S Viper

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Preparation and Structure Characterization of Poly(lactide-co-ethylene carbonate) Microspheres

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.215 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 706-708 ◽

pp. 215-218

Author(s):

Chun Sheng Cheng ◽

Ji Yi Yang ◽

Yu Yue Qin ◽

Jian Fan ◽

Tian Rui Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

Drug Loading ◽

Ethylene Carbonate ◽

Structure Characterization ◽

Biodegradable Microspheres ◽

The Novel ◽

Solvent Evaporation Method ◽

Spherical Surfaces ◽

Internal Structures

The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize tinidazole-loaded poly (lactide-co-ethylene carbonate) (PLEC) microspheres. These biodegradable microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The effect of selected emulsifier, polymer type, and ratio of tinidazole to PLEC were investigated. An aqueous gelatin solution used as emulsifier resulted in uniform microspheres with spherical surfaces. The PLEC microspheres exhibited rough surface and porous internal structures when compared with the PLA microspheres. The ratio of tinidazole to PLEC (1/10) exhibited higher encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of tinidazole. The introduction of hydrophilic PEC content influenced the structure and encapsulation efficiency of microspheres. These results suggest that the novel PLEC microspheres can be useful for drug delivery systems.

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Characterization of an Abnormal Antithrombin (Milano 2) with Defective Thrombin Binding

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1661681 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 56 (03) ◽

pp. 349-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A Tripodi ◽

A Krachmalnicoff ◽

P M Mannucci

Keyword(s):

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Active Site ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Antithrombin Iii ◽

Factor Xa ◽

Molecular Defect ◽

Affinity Adsorption ◽

Italian Family ◽

Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis

SummaryFour members of an Italian family (two with histories of venous thromboembolism) had a qualitative defect of antithrombin III reflected by normal antigen concentrations and halfnormal antithrombin activity with or without heparin. Anti-factor Xa activities were consistently borderline low (about 70% of normal). For the propositus’ plasma and serum the patterns of antithrombin III in crossed-immunoelectrophoresis with or without heparin were indistinguishable from those of normal plasma or serum. A normal affinity of antithrombin III for heparin was documented by heparin-sepharose chromatography. Affinity adsorption of the propositus’ plasma to human α-thrombin immobilized on sepharose beads revealed defective binding of the anti thrombin III to thrombin-sepharose. Hence the molecular defect of this variant appears to be at the active site responsible for binding and neutralizing thrombin, thus accounting for the low thrombin inhibitory activity.

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