OBTENCION DE BIOPOLIMEROS DE PAPA COMO UNA ALTERNATIVA AL DESARROLLO DE MATERIALES INOCUOS AL MEDIO AMBIENTE

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Hugo Alarcón Cavero ◽  
E. Arroyo

En el presente trabajo se presentan los primeros resultados de los biopolímeros obtenidos a partir de los almidones extraídos de la papa y la yuca, estos fueron analizados mediante la técnica de espectroscopia IR observándose que en ambos casos presentan las mismas características de almidón, por ello se eligió el almidón de la papa por ser un tubérculo que el Perú tiene con cierta abundancia, a partir de este almidón se obtuvieron películas con un espesor aproximado de 50 micrones, las cuales fueron caracterizados por técnicas de elongación y tracción con valores de elongación máxima del 62% y una fuerza de tracción máxima del 10 Newton, así mismo se caracterizó por espectroscopia IR encontrándose los picos característicos de la celulosa, las películas presentan una alta transmitancia en el rango visible, los análisis de absorción atómica muestran la inocuidad de las películas obtenidas. Palabras clave.- Almidón, Biopolímero, Espectroscopia IR, Papa. ABSTRACTIn this research the first results of biopolymers derived from starch extracted from potatoes and yucca are presented, these were analyzed by IR spectroscopy technique observing that in both cases they have the same characteristics of starch, that is why the potato starch was chosen as a tuber that is abundant in Peru, from this starch 50 micron-thickness-coating approximately were obtained, which were characterized by techniques of lenghtening and tensile strength with maximum lenghtening values of 62% and a maximum tensile force of 10 Newton. Likewise, it was characterized by IR spectroscopy, finding the characteristics peaks of cellulose, the coatings have a high transmittance in the visible range, atomic absorption analysis show safety coatings obtained. Keywords.- Starch, Biopolymer, IR spectroscopy, Potato.

Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Кudayarova ◽  
Marina A. Tyutina ◽  
Еlena А. Danilova

This work is continuation of synthesis researches of substituted macroheterocyclic compounds with 1,2,4-thiadiazole fragments. Data of synthesis of complexes with divalent d-metals (Ni, Co, Zn) on the basis of received earlier brominenitrosubstituted isothiadiazole three-unit product are presented. Complexes of BAB-type product consisting 1,2,4-thiadiazole and bromine-nitro-isoindole fragments were received by interaction 3,5-bis-[5(6)-bromine-6(5)-nitro-3-iminoizoindolin-1-ilidenamiino]-1,2,4-thiadiazol with acetates of d-metals in 2-ethoxyethanol at 100 ºC for 2 h. After the reaction the mixture was poured into water and precipitate was filtered and washed with 5 % ammonia, water and hot organic solvents (acetone, methanol, dimethylformamide, pyridine). Yield of target products was 18 – 28 %. The resulting complexes are dark brown powders with high solubility in alcohols, DMF, insoluble in water, dichloromethane and hexane. The structures of products were established by data of mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy. Data of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry showed that complexes with metal of three-unit product with 1,2,4-thiadiazole fragment were isolated as monohydrate by analogy with literary for 1,3,4-thiadiazole. Data of atomic absorption analysis with good convergence of the experimental and calculated values confirmed monohydrate structure these products. These complexes of three-unit products will be used for synthesis of new various substituted macroheterocycles with 1,2,4-thiadiazole fragments. <span style="opacity: 0;"> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . </span>  


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Prates Junior ◽  
Marliane de Cássia Soares da Silva ◽  
Rita de Cássia Cerqueira Melo ◽  
Lorena Azevedo de Lima ◽  
Kaliane Sírio Araújo ◽  
...  

Resumo: A extensão universitária tem por objetivo instituir práticas cidadãs de pesquisa e ensino. Nesse contexto, o Núcleo de Estudos em Microbiologia Agrícola (NEMA), da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), tem desenvolvido atividades de extensão junto à comunidade de Viçosa e região, para o intercâmbio de experiências em pesquisa, ensino e extensão relacionadas à Microbiologia Agrícola. O presente artigo apresenta os primeiros resultados do projeto de extensão universitária desenvolvido pelo NEMA junto à Escola Família Agrícola (EFA) Puris, que adota a Pedagogia da Alternância e tem a Agroecologia como eixo norteador, visando à articulação de atividades práticas e teóricas, em tempos e espaços que se alternam entre a escola e a comunidade na qual os educandos estão inseridos. As três intervenções realizadas até o presente momento abordaram os seguintes temas: demonstração dos micro-organismos no ambiente e o papel das micorrizas; produção, comercialização e consumo de cogumelos; compostagem e produção de alimentos fermentados. No total, as atividades envolveram cerca de 65 educandos do Ensino Médio, 5 monitores da EFA e 24 acadêmicos, dentre os quais professores, técnicos, graduandos e pós-graduandos da UFV. Essas intervenções têm proporcionado um estímulo à curiosidade, antes pouco ofertada, sobre o mundo microbiano e suas aplicações, além de instigar o interesse pelo conhecimento científico e proporcionar novos desafios de ensino e extensão para os acadêmicos envolvidos. Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar, Microbiologia agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa   The microbiology in the context of the agroecology: extension activity in the Puris Agricultural Family School Abstract: The university extension aims to establish citizen practices in research and teaching. In this context, the “Núcleo de Estudos em Microbiologia Agrícola (NEMA)”, from Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV(Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil), has developed extension activities in Viçosa and region for the exchange of experiences in research, teaching and extension related to Agricultural Microbiology. This paper presents the first results of the university extension project developed by NEMA at the Puris Agricultural Family School (EFA), which adopts the Pedagogy of Alternation for articulating practical and theoretical activities, in times and spaces concatenated between the school and the community in which students are inserted. The three interventions carried out until here were related to the demonstration of microorganisms in the environment and the role of mycorrhizae, the production, marketing and consumption of mushrooms, and the composting and production of fermented foods. In total, about 65 high school students, 5 EFA’s monitors and 24 academics and staffs from UFV were involved in the activities. These interventions have provided a stimulus to the curiosity, barely offered before, about the microbial world and their applications. Also, it has instigated the interest for the scientific knowledge and enabled new teaching and extension challenges for the academics involved. Keywords: Family Farming, Agricultural Microbiology, Viçosa Federal University   La microbiología en el contexto de la agroecología: extensión universitaria en la Escuela de la Familia Agrícola Puris   Resumen: La extensión universitaria se caracteriza como un proceso de construcción de relaciones entre la sociedad y la Universidad, con el objetivo de establecer prácticas ciudadanas de investigación y enseñanza. En este contexto, el “Núcleo de Estudos em Microbiologia Agrícola (NEMA)”, de la Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV (Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil), ha desarrollado actividades de extensión junto a la comunidad de Viçosa y región para el intercambio de experiencias de investigación, enseñanza y extensión relacionadas al área de Microbiología Agrícola. El presente artículo presenta los primeros resultados del proyecto de extensión universitaria desarrollado por el NEMA junto a la Escuela de la Familia Agrícola (EFA) Puris, que adopta la Pedagogía de la Alternancia, buscando la articulación de actividades prácticas y teóricas, en tiempos y espacios que se alternan entre la escuela y la comunidad en la cual los estudiantes están insertados. Las tres intervenciones realizadas hasta el momento abordaron los siguientes temas: demostración de los microorganismos en el medio ambiente y el papel de las micorrizas; producción, comercialización y consumo de champiñones; compostaje y producción de alimentos fermentados. En total, las actividades involucraran alrededor de 65 estudiantes, 5 monitores de la EFA y 24 alumnos de la UFV. Estas intervenciones han proporcionado un estímulo a la curiosidad, antes poco ofrecida, sobre el mundo microbiano y sus aplicaciones, además de instigar el interés por el conocimiento científico. Palabras-clave: Escola familia Agrícola, Microbiología agrícola, Universidad Federal de Viçosa


1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Al'tman ◽  
A. A. Ganeev ◽  
Yu. I. Turkin ◽  
S. E. Sholupov

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Othuman Mydin

Splitting tensile strength of concrete is normally low compared to compressive and flexural strength. Tensile force was used in the design of structural foamed mortar and to evaluate the shear resistance provided by concrete. This research focuses on the splitting tensile strength of foamed mortar incorporated with 7 different types of fibres used such as wood ash, pulverized fuel ash, silica fume, palm oil fuel ash, polypropylene fibre, coconut fibre and steel fibre. The findings show that the amount of fibres influences the enhancement level of the tensile strength. A high percentage of fibre can create a strong bonding between the particles of the foamed mortar, thus it is able to absorb energy to resist crack formation.


1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Thornburg ◽  
M. Beissenherz ◽  
M. Dolan ◽  
M. F. Raisbeck

Three different histochemical methods for copper detection were compared. Atomic absorption analysis was used to substantiate the tissue stains. There was good correlation between rhodanine staining and rubeanic acid-stained tissue sections. The orcein reaction for copper-associated protein did not consistently correlate with the methods demonstrating copper. Prolonged staining (72 hours) with rubeanic acid more consistently and clearly detected increased copper in canine livers than did staining with rhodanine. Seventy-two hour staining with rubeanic acid is the method of choice for histochemical detection of copper in canine liver.


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