Antagonistic Potential of Different Isolates of Trichoderma against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Botrytis cinerea

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estifanos Tsegaye Redda ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Jie Mei ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Beilei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Antagonistic Potential

scholarly journals Host And Temperature Preferensce, Male Occurrence And Morfomentrics Offungivorous Nematode, Aphelenchus Avenae Isolates From Japan

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Buni Amin
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Body Dimension ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Aphelenchus Avenae

ABSTRACT. Host and temperature preference, male accurrence, and morfomentrics of 39 isolates of Apehelenchus avenae were investigated. Of the 39 isolates, 33 were from 7 sistrict of Kyushu, 3 preference were investigated on 4 species of fungi; Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Melonis, and Pyitum aphanidermatum growing on 1/5 strength PDA medium. The nematodes were incubated on respective fungus mat for 30 days at 25 and 30 OC host fungi and temperatures gave rise to various levels of reproduction and male accurance. The isolates were divided into 5 groups based on their reproductivity on their host fungi at the 2 temperature regimes. Most of the isolates of A. avenae progated themselves at 25 0C on B. cinera and R. solani AG-4, was 60.850 given by Nagasaki isolates (NA3). The maximum multiplication 48.420 at 0C accured on R. solani byu Kagoshima isiolate (KA3). The occurrence of males was very low in all isolates and it occurred only at 30 0C. De Man’s value of body dimension were measured and showed no significant variation among the isolates. Besides, There were no realtions between groupings by host preference and by body dimension.

scholarly journals Fungi isolated from Stewartia pseudocamellia Max. seeds and their pathogenesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Halina Kurzawińska ◽  
Piotr Muras
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Typical Composition

The aim of studies was to determine typical composition of fungi occurring on seeds of <i>Stewartia pseudocamellia</i>.The studies conducted on 100 disinfected and 100 nondisinfected seeds of these plants.Isolates of <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>Cylindrocarpon radicicola</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> were characterized by pathogenicity towards the investigated <i>Stewartia pseudocamellia</i>. In the laboratory experiment, 204 isolations of microorganisms were obtained that belonged to 20 species and form of fungi and bacteria. Among fungi there were both of parasite (<i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Fusarium</i> spp., <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>) and typical saprophytic (<i>Cladosporium</i> spp., <i>Penicillium</i> spp., <i>Aspergillus</i> spp., <i>Epicoccum</i> spp., <i>Mucor</i> spp.). The dominant fungus on seeds was <i>Alternaria alternata</i>. Among the investigated isolates only one isolate (R4) <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, was strongly pathogenic, isolates (A1) <i>Alternaria alternata</i> were weakly pathogenic to seedlings of <i>Stewartia pseudocamellia</i>.

Produktion pflanzlicher C6-Wundgase und ihre Wirkung auf einige phytopathogene Pilze / Production of C6-Wound Gases by Plants and the Effect on Some Phytopathogenic Fungi

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Urbasch
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Cladosporium Fulvum ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Cyphomandra Betacea ◽  
Wild Tomato ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Tree Tomato

Abastract The production of C6-wound gases by cultivated and wild tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculenium Mill., L. hirsutum Humb. et Bonpl., L. peruvianum (L.) Mill., L. pimpinellifolium Mill., L. glandulosum C. H. Muller) and the tree tomato (Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendtn.) was investigated. The genuine mixture of compounds and the single compounds showed antifungal properties against the phytopathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea Pers., Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder & Hansen, Didymelia lycopersici Kleb, and Cladosporium fulvum Cooke.

HONGOS FITOPATÓGENOS MODULAN LA EXPRESIÓN DE LOS GENES ANTIMICROBIANOS phlD Y hcnC DE LA RIZOBACTERIA Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270

Biotecnia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Julie E. Hernández-Salmerón ◽  
Benjamín R. Hernández-Flores ◽  
Ma del Carmen Rocha-Granados ◽  
Pedro D. Loeza- Lara ◽  
Gustavo Santoyo
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fusarium Solani

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto antagónico de la rizobacteria promotora del crecimiento vegetal Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270 hacia los hongos fitopatógenos Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani y Rhizoctonia solani. También, se determinó la expresión de los genes phlD y hcnC de la cepa UM270 en presencia de los fitopatógenos durante bioensayos de antagonismo in vitro. Los resultados muestran que la cepa UM270 logra inhibir el crecimiento del micelio de B. cinerea (45%), F. solani (25%) y R. solani (24%) en diferente grado, mientras que para F. oxysporum (1%) no hubo inhibición significativa. Al analizar la expresión del gen phlD, se observó que los patógenos la modulan diferencialmente, ya que mientras B. cinerea induce su expresión, los demás patógenos la reprimen . En el caso del gen hcnC, B. cinerea y F. oxysporum no afectaron su expresión, mientras que F. solani y R. solani la inhibieron. Estos resultados sugieren que los fitopatógenos pueden modular la expresión de genes importantes para la síntesis de compuestos antimicrobianos en Pseudomonas fluoresces UM270.

scholarly journals The Elicitation Effect of Pathogenic Fungi on Trichodermin Production byTrichoderma brevicompactum

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Ping Shentu ◽  
Wei-Ping Liu ◽  
Xiao-Huan Zhan ◽  
Xiao-Ping Yu ◽  
Chuan-Xi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Thanatephorus Cucumeris ◽  
Optimum Time

The effects of six species of phytopathogenic fungi mycelia as elicitors on trichodermin yield byTrichoderma brevicompactumwere investigated. Neither nonviable nor viable mycelia ofBotrytis cinerea,Alternaria solani,Colletotrichum lindemuthianum,andThanatephorus cucumerisdemonstrated any elicitation on the accumulation of trichodermin. However, the production of trichodermin was increased by the presence of viable/nonviableRhizoctonia solaniandFusarium oxysporummycelia. The strongest elicitation effect was found at the presence of nonviableR. solani. At the presence of nonviableR. solani, the maximum yield of trichodermin (144.55 mg/L) was significantly higher than the Control (67.8 mg/L), and the cultivation time to obtain the maximum yield of trichodermin decreased from 72 h to 60 h. No difference of trichodermin accumulation was observed by changing the concentration of nonviableR. solanifrom 0.1 to 1.6 g/L. It was observed that the optimum time for adding nonviableR. solaniis immediately after inoculation. The diameter ofT. brevicompactummycelial globule after 72 h cultivation with nonviableR. solanielicitor was smaller than that of the Control.

scholarly journals Desinfestação de substratos para produção de mudas, utilizando vapor de água

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
João Bosco C. Silva ◽  
Ivani T. Oliveira-Napoleão ◽  
Loeni L. Falcão
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum

O tratamento sanitário de substratos é uma operação importante no processo de produção de mudas e no cultivo de plantas em vasos ou outros contentores. Tradicionalmente tem-se utilizado o gás brometo de metila como agente desinfetante. Entretanto, a produção deste gás deverá ser abolida até o ano 2010, forçando-se a busca de novas opções. Desenvolveu-se na Embrapa Hortaliças um equipamento que utiliza o vapor de água à baixa pressão, produzido por uma caldeira industrial, com capacidade para evaporar 30 L/h de água, para aquecer o substrato contido em uma caixa metálica cilíndrica com capacidade de 2000 L. O vapor é aplicado no fundo da caixa que contém uma camada de brita coberta com uma tela metálica de malha de 2 mm, que favorece a distribuição uniforme do vapor por toda a massa de substrato. O tempo de aquecimento é de aproximadamente 3 horas e o calor armazenado durante este período mantém a massa de substrato aquecida a temperaturas pasteurizantes, por até 4 horas após a aplicação do vapor. Para testar a eficácia do sistema avaliou-se a sobrevivência dos patógenos Ralstonia solanacearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum e Rhizoctonia solani. Aplicou-se vapor por uma hora, não considerando o período de aquecimento, e coletaram-se as amostras após uma, duas, três ou quatro horas o início da aplicação de vapor. O tratamento por uma hora, em adição ao período de aquecimento, resultou na eliminação dos patógenos.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal potential of plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramaraju Cherkupally ◽  
Srinivasa Reddy Kota ◽  
Hindumathi Amballa ◽  
Bhumi Narasimha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Fungitoxic Effect

The antifungal activity of aqueous extracts of nine plants viz, Azadirachta indica, Parthenium hysterophorus, Momordica charantia, Allium sativum, Eucalyptus globules, Calotropis procera, Aloe vera, Beta vulgaris and Datura stramonium were assessed in vitro against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina, the soil borne phytopathogens. The assessment of fungitoxic effect was carried out by using three different concentrations i.e., 5, 10 and 20% against the test fungi, in terms of percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The extract of A. sativum completely inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina at all the concentrations. The extracts of D. stramonium and E. globulus inhibited the mycelial growth of R. solani of 72%, and 70.7% respectively at 20% concentration, that of A. sativum, E. globulus and D. stramonium exhibited inhibition percentage of 63.3%, 61.8% and 61.1% respectively at 20% concentration on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. The application of plant extracts for disease management could be less expensive, easily available, non-polluting and eco-friendly.

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