Evaluation of  Certain Technical Factors Affecting Commercial Production  of Pickled Papaya from Carica Papaya Fruit

The human egocentric perception of approaching objects and the related perceptual processes have been of interest to researchers for several decades. This article gives a literature review on numerous studies that investigated the phenomenon when an object approaches an observer (or the other way around) with the goal to single out factors that influence the perceptual process. A taxonomy of metrics is followed by a breakdown of different experimental measurement methods. Thereinafter, potential factors affecting the judgment of approaching objects are compiled and debated while divided into human factors (e.g., gender, age, and driving experience), compositional factors (e.g., approaching velocity, spatial distance, and observation time), and technical factors (e.g., field of view, stereoscopy, and display contrast). Experimental findings are collated, juxtaposed, and critically discussed. With virtual-reality devices having taken a tremendous developmental leap forward in the past few years, they have been able to gain ground in experimental research. Therefore, special attention in this article is also given to the perception of approaching objects in virtual environments and put in contrast to the perception in reality.

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Factors affecting the preference of bovine by dairy farmersin the South-Bihar Alluvial Plain Zone

Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research ◽

10.18805/ajdfr.v3i1.3574 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Sanjeev Kumar ◽

Ritu Chakravarty ◽

A. K. Chakravarty ◽

Mukesh Bhakat ◽

Niketha L. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influencing Factor ◽

Economic Factor ◽

Total Sample ◽

Alluvial Plain ◽

Dairy Farmers ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Governmental Support ◽

Technical Factors ◽

Major Factors ◽

Dairy Animal

Dairy farmers bear the flagship of the mammoth total of milk production, therefore, their preference for the bovine which includes cattle and buffalo, must be counted. The liking or preference is affected by a range of factors. Bovine preference can be referred to as the greater liking for one dairy animal over another or other dairy animal. This includes certain major factors as economic, climatic, animal or bovine trait, marketing, governmental support, traditional aspects, technical support, infrastructure and so on. For the study, South-Bihar Alluvial Plain Zone was selected purposefully from where two districts and under each district, two blocks and from each block two villages were selected randomly. From each village, twenty respondents were selected randomly, which constitute the total sample size of 160 respondents. The study, revealed that economic factor was found to be most (92.7 %) influencing factor and ranked 1st among various factors followed by climatic factor (92.3 %) ranked 2nd, marketing factor (91.8 %) ranked 3rd, trait factor (85.6%) ranked 4th, governmental factors (78.5 %) ranked 5th, traditional factors (76.9 %) ranked 6th, technical factors (74.4 %) ranked 7th , infrastructural factor (70.1 %) ranked 8th, socio-psychological factor (61.7 %) ranked 9th and NGOs factor (60.4 %) ranked 10th among above said factors.

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Technical factors affecting the detection of echogenic intracardiac foci

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2004.10.549 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 191 (6) ◽

pp. S181

Author(s):

Pooja Mittal ◽

Israel Hendler ◽

Sean Blackwell ◽

Ryan Blackwell ◽

Marjorie Treadwell

Keyword(s):

Factors Affecting ◽

Technical Factors

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Influence of Inoculum Density of Verticillium dahliae on Root Discoloration of Horseradish

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2000.84.3.309 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 309-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. Khan ◽

N. Atibalentja ◽

D. M. Eastburn

Keyword(s):

Verticillium Dahliae ◽

Commercial Production ◽

Inoculum Density ◽

Forecast System ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Initial Inoculum ◽

Disease Forecast ◽

Low Levels ◽

Negative Exponential ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between inoculum density (number of microsclerotia per gram of air-dried soil) of Verticillium dahliae at the time of planting and the severity and incidence of root discoloration of horseradish at harvest was investigated in a 2-year study conducted in the greenhouse, microplots, and commercial production fields. The objective of the study was to develop a disease-forecast system that would assist growers in assessing the risk of the disease before planting horseradish in a particular field. Significant correlations were observed between inoculum density and severity and incidence of root discoloration in the greenhouse and microplots, although the form of the relationship varied with trials from linear to quadratic and negative exponential. No correlation was found between inoculum density of V. dahliae and severity and incidence of root discoloration in commercial production fields. In some fields with low inoculum densities, high ratings of severity and incidence of root discoloration were observed even with the partially resistant cultivar 769A. Conversely, in other fields with high inoculum densities, low ratings of severity and incidence of discolored roots were observed even with the susceptible cultivar 647A. These results suggest that a disease-forecast system based solely on inoculum densities of V. dahliae would be unreliable under field conditions when the other factors affecting the inoculum density-disease relationships cannot be controlled. Knowing the amount of initial inoculum may, however, save growers from planting horseradish in highly infested fields, but it would not guarantee a disease-free crop in fields with low levels of infestation.

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Carotid Dissection: Technical Factors Affecting Endovascular Therapy

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100001724 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 54-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Felipe C. Albuquerque ◽

Patrick P. Han ◽

Robert F. Spetzler ◽

Joseph M. Zabramski ◽

Cameron G. McDougall

Keyword(s):

Endovascular Therapy ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Carotid Dissection ◽

Arterial Segment ◽

Stent Deployment ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Previously Treated ◽

Technical Factors ◽

Angioplasty And Stenting

Background and Purpose:To delineate factors associated with the successful endovascular treatment of extracranial carotid dissections, the authors review their management of 13 cases.Methods:The records of 12 patients with 13 dissections were assessed with reference to mechanism of dissection, preoperative symptoms, presence of a pseudoaneurysm, treatment success, and etiology of treatment failure. Patients were followed prospectively and included six men and six women, ranging in age from 27 to 62 years.Results:Angioplasty and stenting were performed successfully in 11 of 13 procedures (10 of 12 patients). Follow-up in these 10 patients demonstrated excellent patency through the stented segment in nine of the 11 treated vessels. Two patients, both of whom suffered their original dissection as a result of endarterectomy, required further angioplasty and stenting for stenosis outside the previously treated arterial segment. Regarding the treatment failures, a stent deployment device could not navigate a tortuous loop in one, while a microwire could not be advanced beyond a pseudoaneurysm in the second. Six patients had pseudoaneurysms, four of which were treated only with stenting across the dissected arterial segment. All pseudoaneurysms treated in this fashion resolved. No permanent complications occurred as a result of endovascular therapy.Conclusions:Angioplasty and stenting can be performed safely to manage carotid dissection. A pseudoaneurysm or tortuous anatomy can preclude therapy although the former typically resolves if angioplasty and stenting are feasible. Dissections secondary to endarterectomy may be associated with a higher rate of restenosis after stenting and may require further treatment.

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Technical aspects of circulating tumor cells (CTC) isolation using molecular sieve

Bulletin of the Military University of Technology ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0009.9483 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 41-54

Author(s):

Paweł Pastuszka ◽

Zdzisław Bogdanowicz ◽

Artur Kowalik ◽

Krzysztof Gruszczyński ◽

Mariusz Łapiński

Keyword(s):

Tumor Cells ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Biomedical Engineering ◽

Molecular Sieves ◽

Molecular Sieve ◽

Future Directions ◽

Technical Aspects ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Technical Factors ◽

Engineering Centre

The article presents the characteristics of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the context of their enrichment. It presents the possibility of the use of molecular sieves in CTC isolation. It shows important technical factors affecting the efficiency of CTC enrichment using molecular sieves and indicates the necessity of compromise choice of these parameters. It shows 2D molecular sieve construction made within the Biomedical Engineering Centre of MUT. It presents the future directions of research which assumes the use of this construction for a molecular filter in the form of sieve stack. Keywords: molecular sieves, circulating tumor cells (CTC) enrichment, laser photolithography, laser ablation

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Somatic Embryogenesis using Immature Zygotic Embryos from Developing Fruits of Papaya (Carica papaya)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.783e ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 783E-783

Author(s):

S.K. Dhir ◽

U.L. Yadava

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Somatic Embryos ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Induction Medium ◽

Zygotic Embryos ◽

Synthetic Seed ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Secondary Embryos ◽

Potential Use

An efficient protocol has been developed for the in vitro multiplication of papaya (Carica papaya L.) through somatic embryogenesis utilizing immature zgotic embryos. Somatic embryos were initiated on MS basel media supplemented with 5 mg·liter–1 2,4-D, 400 mg·liter–1 glutamine, and 6% sucrose. After culturing for 2 months, 65% of the explants became highly embryogenic. Each explant produced 50 to 80 embryos in 4 months on culture induction medium. Frequency of embryogenesis was increased (75 to 150 somatic embryos on 80% explants) upon supplementing medium with 4% maltose as a carbon source and 100 mg·liter–1 L-asparagine. The embryogenic callus appeared yellow and embryos at different stages of development were well-organized. On regular subculturing, these cultures continued to produce secondary embryos. Following their transfer to the hormone-free medium supplemented with 4% maltose, these embryos germinated. The somatic embryogenesis system is rapid, repetitive, and highly proliferative. Thus, this system may have a potential use in the development of synthetic seed and transgenic papaya plants. Details of important factors affecting somatic embryogenesis will be discussed.

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