scholarly journals Futurismo russo e Cubo-Futurismo

Diacrítica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-145
Author(s):  
Helena Guimarães Ustimenko ◽  
Yana Baryshnikova Marques
Keyword(s):  
Vladimir Mayakovsky ◽  
Roman Jakobson

O presente artigo centra-se num estudo comparativo das poéticas da vanguarda russa que incluem variações literárias e artísticas desenvolvidas na primeira metade do século XX. Nele analisa-se o aparecimento do Futurismo e Cubo-futurismo russos e apontam-se as características que os distinguem dos movimentos artísticos europeus que estiveram na sua génese, refletindo-se ainda sobre os primeiros poetas destes movimentos e a sua reconceptualizacão da arte. O case study deste trabalho apoia-se no legado de Vladimir Mayakovsky, mais precisamente no seu contributo como artista e poeta de vanguarda na Rússia, focando-se a nossa análise em questões tais como a expressividade visual da sua poesia, as experiências com o ritmo e rima do verso, a fragmentação e justaposição de palavras e a criação de neologismos. A breve análise semiótica reflete as técnicas artísticas, utilizadas nas suas pinturas e desenhos (Cubo-futurismo). A principal metodologia utilizada é o estudo descritivo e comparativo, baseando-se a fundamentação na teoria de Roman Jakobson, entre outros.

Ideophones in Vladimir Mayakovsky’s work

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Lahti
Keyword(s):  
Vladimir Mayakovsky ◽  
Verbal Form ◽  
Poetic Expression ◽  
Roman Jakobson

The Russian poet Vladimir Mayakovsky used ideophones to create meaning. In fact Mayakovsky constantly used ideophones in his poetic expression, part and parcel of the emphasis on sound in his poetry. In the 1910s he worked alongside the Moscow Linguistic Circle. To the end of his life in 1930 (due to suicide) the poet remained close friends with the important linguist Roman Jakobson. There is no doubt that his association with linguists led to Mayakovsky’s paying more attention to verbal form in his work; in particular, his use of ideophones is remarkable.

Saussure's équivalence sémiologique in the case study of Czech sonants

Semiotica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (204) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Haładewicz-Grzelak
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Visual Data ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Roman Jakobson ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
Interesting Equation

AbstractIn “Réflections inédites de Saussure sur les phonèmes” (1973: 287–295), Roman Jakobson mentions an untitled manuscript, described as “étude phonetique.” In it, Saussure provides an interesting equation: phonème = valeur sémiologique. The equation stresses the purely semiological aspect of the phoneme and will serve as a focal point for the analysis carried out in this paper. The discussion will also explore two other related concepts introduced in the manuscript and in the only book Saussure ever published,This study attempts to draw implications for a semiotic theory of phonology based on acoustic cues found in a case study of consonant / liquid / consonant (CLC/#) clusters that occur as congeners in two cognate Slavic languages: Polish and Czech. Apart from the semiological insights of Saussure, the study's analytical perspective also builds on the semiotic oeuvre of Roman Jakobson and Boris Uspiensky (Tartu semiotics). The Tartu notion of cultural text is a sort of time center, or a groove for the discussion. The empirical section analyzes a corpus of recordings of CLC clusters in various languages collected by the author, treating particular spectrograms as cultural texts in the Tartu understanding of the term: as visual data generated by a particular speech community.

Brik, Osip (1888–1945)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Reeve
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Vladimir Mayakovsky ◽  
Founding Member ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Roman Jakobson ◽  
Artistic Freedom ◽  
Left Front ◽  
Open Marriage

Osip Maksimovich (Meerovich) Brik (Осип Максимович Брик) was a prominent Soviet poet and critic, editor of Left Front of the Arts (LEF) and a founding member of OPOYAZ (Society for the Study of Poetic Language). His role in Soviet Constructivism and Futurism emerges neatly in Alexander Rodchenko’s famous photomontage of the critic. Replacing the left lens of Brik’s glasses with the letters ‘ЛЕФ’ (in reference to Левый фронт искусств, or LEF, the magazine that Brik ran with the poet Vladimir Mayakovsky from 1923–25), Rodchenko underscores three fundamental elements of Brik’s persona: the emphasis on the photograph as construction underscores Brik’s interest, following Roman Jakobson, in the cultural product’s materiality (Fer 124); the image captures Brik’s LEF-tinted world view (abandon handicraft for industrial process; eschew genius for collectivity; forego fiction); and, being known more for Rodchenko’s artistry than for Brik’s visage, it captures Brik’s deference to artists and writers – most notoriously to Mayakovsky. Brik celebrated Mayakovsky’s work in his essays and also shared his wife, Lilya Yuryevna Brik, née Kagan, with whom Brik had an open marriage, with the poet. The three cohabited from 1919. Though certain biographical elements of Brik’s personal history remain controversial, it is known that Brik came from a Moscow merchant family, studied law and, with his wife, worked for the Cheka (the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteering and Corruption), a forerunner of the KGB, for at least part of the 1920s (Kurchanova 54). After LEF, Brik became involved with Novyi LEF (1927–28; ‘New LEF’), though not as an editor, directed INKhUK (the Institute of Artistic Culture) and helped organize VKhUTEMAS (The All-State Artistic-Technical Workshops). He consistently emphasized the importance of the cultural product’s materiality, but shifted from supporting artistic freedom to arguing that art must serve the state (Kurchanova 73).

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

Construction of plastic contact deformation maps on ceramics: a case study on aluminum nitride

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Nitride ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Deformation Patterns

Modern polishing, precision machining and microindentation techniques allow the processing and mechanical characterization of ceramics at nanometric scales and within entirely plastic deformation regimes. The mechanical response of most ceramics to such highly constrained contact is not predictable from macroscopic properties and the microstructural deformation patterns have proven difficult to characterize by the application of any individual technique. In this study, TEM techniques of contrast analysis and CBED are combined with stereographic analysis to construct a three-dimensional microstructure deformation map of the surface of a perfectly plastic microindentation on macroscopically brittle aluminum nitride.The bright field image in Figure 1 shows a lg Vickers microindentation contained within a single AlN grain far from any boundaries. High densities of dislocations are evident, particularly near facet edges but are not individually resolvable. The prominent bend contours also indicate the severity of plastic deformation. Figure 2 is a selected area diffraction pattern covering the entire indentation area.

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