scholarly journals Effects of Land Cover/Use Change and Altitude on Soil NPK Nutrients in Selected areas in the North West Region of Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Brenda T. Mbibueh ◽  
◽  
Reeves M. Fokeng ◽  
Suiven J.P. Tume ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region

Land-use change is one of the main indicators of soil quality. Soil physical and chemical properties vary with land use change and altitude as inferred from transect surveys and toposequences. Soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) are essential macronutrients for plant growth and soil nutrient balance. Their presence in the soil in appropriate quantities is important for maintaining crop yields and farmers income, particularly in developing countries where resources of soil chemical additives may be limited. This paper assesses the effects of land cover/use change and altitude on soil NPK nutrients in plots of 30 m2 in the North West Region of Cameroon for maintaining soil NPK levels and boosting crop yields. A total of 60 soil samples were collected at the 0-20 cm depth from the plots with various land cover/use types (eucalyptus plantation, farmland, grazing land, and natural forest). Soil samples were analyzed for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents based on standard procedures. The concentrations of soil NPK nutrients were below the critical values for different land use types and the studied sites. The decline in soil NPK nutrient contents is partly linked to land use change, long-term nutrient mining through crop harvest, and rainfall-induced leaching of N and K nutrients. To increase food crop yields and sustain the livelihood of farmers, appropriate nature-based solutions of manure application, mulching, the intercropping of legumes, and sustainable use of appropriate chemical NPK fertilizers will help restore the soils and increase crop yields.

scholarly journals Vegetation and Land-Use Change in Northern Europe During Late Antiquity: A Regional-Scale Pollen-Based Reconstruction

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Jessie Woodbridge ◽  
Neil Roberts ◽  
Ralph Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Fossil Pollen ◽  
North Central ◽  
North West

Abstract This chapter presents an overview of land cover and land use change in northern Europe, particularly during Late Antiquity (ca. 3rd–8th c. AD) based on fossil pollen preserved in sediments. We have transformed fossil pollen datasets from 462 sites into eight major land-cover classes using the pseudobiomisation method (PBM). Through using pollen-vegetation evidence, we show that north-central Europe, lying outside the Roman frontier (the so-called ‘Barbaricum’ region), remained predominantly forested until Medieval times, with the main clearance phase only starting from ca. AD 750. This stands in contrast to north-west Europe, both inside (France/England) and outside (Scotland/Ireland) the Roman imperial frontier; here a majority of forested land was already cleared prior to antiquity. The implications of this are that Roman expansion into the periphery of the empire largely took over existing intensive agrarian regions in the case of ‘Gaul’ (France) and ‘Britannia’ (England and Wales). Pre-existing land-use systems and levels of landscape openness may have played a role in directing the expansion of the Roman empire northwards into Gaul and Britannia, rather than eastwards into Germania. After the period of Roman occupation, partial reforestation is evident in some areas.

scholarly journals A diachronic study of Ourika watershed land in the High Atlas of Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 00080
Author(s):  
Meysara Elmalki ◽  
Fouad Mounir ◽  
Abdellah Ichen ◽  
Thami Khai ◽  
Mohammed Aarab
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
High Atlas ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Ourika Watershed ◽  
Landsat Satellite

The Ourika watershed, located in the North-West of Moroccan High Atlas, has undergone several spatio-temporal changes and accelerated land use dynamics as a result of the interaction of climatic, topographic and anthropogenic factors. The objective of this study is to monitor the evolution of land use in the study area over the past 33 years. Landsat satellite imagery has been chosen for land cover mapping, providing a sufficient detail to identify land cover characteristics while providing more or less complete coverage of the area of action. Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper satellite images from 1987 and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager from 2019 were used, with a spatial resolution of 30m. The images were treated and classified using Support Vector Machine algorithm (SVM) implemented on QGIS Geographic Information System software. The classification evaluation shows a Kappa coefficient of 85% and 84% and an overall accuracy of 95% and 94% for 1987 and 2019 respectively. Furthermore, the results showed a 10% decrease in the forest as well as a significant increase in the pasture, arboriculture, bare land and buildings with a respective percentage of 5.99%, 1.67%, 1.48% and 1.37% accordingly.

scholarly journals Modeling Land Use and Land Cover Change: Using a Hindcast to Estimate Economic Parameters in gcamland v2.0

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine V. Calvin ◽  
Abigail Snyder ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Marshall Wise
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Large Set

Abstract. The world has experienced a vast increase in agricultural production since the middle of the last century. Agricultural land area has also increased at the expense of natural lands over this period, though at a lower rate than production. Future changes in land use and cover have important implications not only for agriculture but for energy, water use, and climate. However, these future changes are driven by a complex combination of uncertain socioeconomic, technological, and other factors. Estimates of future land use and land cover differ significantly across economic models of agricultural production, and efforts to evaluate these economic models over history have been limited. In this study, we use an economic model of land use, gcamland, to systematically explore a large set of model parameter perturbations and alternate methods for forming expectations about uncertain crop yields and prices. We run gcamland simulations with these parameter sets over the historical period in the United States to explore model fitness and to identify combinations that improve fitness. We find that an adaptive expectation approach minimizes the error between simulated outputs and observations, with parameters that suggest that for most crops landowners put a significant weight on previous information. Interestingly, for corn, where ethanol policies have led to a rapid growth in demand, the resulting parameters show that a larger weight is placed on more recent information. We conclude with the observation that historical modeling exercises such as this study are valuable both for understanding real world drivers of land use change and for informing modeling of future land use change.

An Empirical Study of Human Trafficking Law in Cameroon: Victims Rarely Seek Justice and Traffickers Are Not Held Liable

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-441
Author(s):  
Monique Aziza
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Arduous Task ◽  
Adults And Children

This article argues that the number of unprosecuted human traffickers is growing in Cameroon. This article aims to examine Cameroonian government officials, prosecutors and judiciary attitudes to human trafficking laws, which endanger Cameroonians. This article is an empirical study of victims of human trafficking. It takes an objective look at Cameroon's anti-trafficking law that criminalises the trafficking of adults and children. It is evident that societal discrimination towards the North West region, lack of opportunities for free education or to a trade post-primary school and the lack of enforcement of the anti-trafficking law are making combating human trafficking an arduous task.

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