scholarly journals Understanding eHealth Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy Targeting Substance Use: A Realist Review (Preprint)

10.2196/20557 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhud Shams ◽  
James S.H. Wong ◽  
Mohammadali Nikoo ◽  
Ava Outadi ◽  
Ehsan Moazen-Zadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

scholarly journals Understanding eHealth Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy Targeting Sub-stance Use: A Realist Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhud Shams ◽  
James S.H. Wong ◽  
Mohammadali Nikoo ◽  
Ava Outadi ◽  
Ehsan Moazen-Zadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Growing Body

BACKGROUND There is a growing body of evidence on eHealth interventions that are targeting substance use disorders. Development and decision-making in eHealth has been challenging due to the lack of understanding of how programs work effectively. OBJECTIVE We conducted a realist review on literature of Electronic Health Cognitive-behavioural Therapy (eCBT) programs for substance use with the goal of answering the following realist question: “how do different eCBT interventions for substance use interact with different contexts to pro-duce certain outcomes?” METHODS A literature search of published and gray literature of all eHealth programs targeting substance use was conducted. After data extraction, the scope was refined to only include literature fo-cusing on eCBT programs targeting substance use. We synthesized the available qualitative evidence from the literature into Context-Mechanism-Outcome configurations in order to bet-ter understand when and how programs work. RESULTS A total of 54 papers studying 24 programs were reviewed. Our final results identified 8 Con-text-Mechanism-Outcome configurations from 5 unique programs that met criteria for rele-vance and rigor. CONCLUSIONS 5 strategies that may be applied in future eCBT programs for substance use are discussed and may contribute to a better understanding of mechanisms and ultimately help design more ef-fective solutions in the future. Future research on eHealth CBT programs should try and under-stand mechanisms of program strategies and how they lead to outcomes in different contexts.

scholarly journals The impact of interventions for youth experiencing homelessness on housing, mental health, substance use, and family cohesion: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Zhuo Wang ◽  
Sebastian Mott ◽  
Olivia Magwood ◽  
Christine Mathew ◽  
Andrew Mclellan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Housing Stability ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Family Based

Abstract Background Youth often experience unique pathways into homelessness, such as family conflict, child abuse and neglect. Most research has focused on adult homeless populations, yet youth have specific needs that require adapted interventions. This review aims to synthesize evidence on interventions for youth and assess their impacts on health, social, and equity outcomes. Methods We systematically searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and other databases from inception until February 9, 2018 for systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials on youth interventions conducted in high income countries. We screened title and abstract and full text for inclusion, and data extraction were completed in duplicate, following the PRISMA-E (equity) review approach. Results Our search identified 11,936 records. Four systematic reviews and 18 articles on randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Many studies reported on interventions including individual and family therapies, skill-building, case management, and structural interventions. Cognitive behavioural therapy led to improvements in depression and substance use, and studies of three family-based therapies reported decreases in substance use. Housing first, a structural intervention, led to improvements in housing stability. Many interventions showed inconsistent results compared to services as usual or other interventions, but often led to improvements over time in both the intervention and comparison group. The equity analysis showed that equity variables were inconsistently measured, but there was data to suggest differential outcomes based upon gender and ethnicity. Conclusions This review identified a variety of interventions for youth experiencing homelessness. Promising interventions include cognitive behavioural therapy for addressing depression, family-based therapy for substance use outcomes, and housing programs for housing stability. Youth pathways are often unique and thus prevention and treatment may benefit from a tailored and flexible approach.

scholarly journals Cognitive-behavioural therapy for substance use disorders in people with psychotic disorders

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Baker ◽  
Sandra Bucci ◽  
Terry J. Lewin ◽  
Frances Kay-Lambkin ◽  
Paul M. Constable ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
General Functioning ◽  
Amphetamine Use

BackgroundFew randomised controlled trials have been aimed specifically at substance use reduction among people with psychotic disorders.AimsTo investigate whether a 10-session intervention consisting of motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) was more efficacious than routine treatment in reducing substance use and improving symptomatology and general functioning.MethodA community sample of people with a psychotic disorder and who reported hazardous alcohol, cannabis and/or amphetamine use during the preceding month was recruited. Participants were randomly allocated to motivational interviewing/CBT (n=65) or treatment as usual (n=65), and were assessed on multiple outcomes at baseline, 15 weeks, 6 months and 12 months.ResultsThere was a short-term improvement in depression and a similar trend with regard to cannabis use among participants who received the motivational interviewing/CBT intervention, together with effects on general functioning at 12 months. There was no differential benefit of the intervention on substance use at 12 months, except for a potentially clinically important effect on amphetamine use.ConclusionsThe motivational interviewing/CBT intervention was associated with modest improvements.

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