scholarly journals e-INEBRIA Special Interest Group Roadmap for Best Practices for Research on Brief Digital Interventions for Problematic Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Patrick Schaub ◽  
Anne H Berman ◽  
Hugo López Pelayo ◽  
Nikolaos Boumparis ◽  
Zarnie Khadjesari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Special Interest Group ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Starting Point

UNSTRUCTURED There is great potential for scaling up the delivery of brief interventions for alcohol and illicit drug use, given the increasing coverage of mobile devices and technologies for digital interventions, including apps for smartphones and tablets. However, while the number of digital interventions is increasing rapidly, the involvement of brief-intervention researchers and the development of good practices has just begun. In 2018, the Special Interest Group on digital interventions of the International Network on Brief Interventions for Alcohol & Other Drugs (e-INEBRIA SIG) initiated a conversation regarding possible avenues of future research, which subsequently became a roadmap for digital interventions. This roadmap consists of points considered relevant for future research, ongoing technological developments, and their implementation across a continuum of prevention and care. Moreover, it outlines starting points for the diversification of brief digital interventions, as well as next steps for quality improvement and implementation in public health and clinical practice. The roadmap of the e-INEBRIA SIG on digital interventions is a starting point that indicates relevant next steps and provides orientation for researchers and interested practitioners with regard to the ambiguous literature and the complexity of current digital interventions.

scholarly journals e-INEBRIA Special Interest Group Roadmap for Best Practices for Research on Brief Digital Interventions for Problematic Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use

10.2196/20368 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. e20368
Author(s):  
Michael Patrick Schaub ◽  
Anne H Berman ◽  
Hugo López Pelayo ◽  
Nikolaos Boumparis ◽  
Zarnie Khadjesari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Special Interest Group ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Starting Point

There is great potential for scaling up the delivery of brief interventions for alcohol and illicit drug use, given the increasing coverage of mobile devices and technologies for digital interventions, including apps for smartphones and tablets. However, while the number of digital interventions is increasing rapidly, the involvement of brief-intervention researchers and the development of good practices has just begun. In 2018, the Special Interest Group on digital interventions of the International Network on Brief Interventions for Alcohol & Other Drugs (e-INEBRIA SIG) initiated a conversation regarding possible avenues of future research, which subsequently became a roadmap for digital interventions. This roadmap consists of points considered relevant for future research, ongoing technological developments, and their implementation across a continuum of prevention and care. Moreover, it outlines starting points for the diversification of brief digital interventions, as well as next steps for quality improvement and implementation in public health and clinical practice. The roadmap of the e-INEBRIA SIG on digital interventions is a starting point that indicates relevant next steps and provides orientation for researchers and interested practitioners with regard to the ambiguous literature and the complexity of current digital interventions.

scholarly journals Illicit Drug Use and Problem Gambling

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ferentzy ◽  
W. J. Wayne Skinner ◽  
Flora I. Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Legal Substances

Problem gambling, substance use disorders, and their cooccurrence are serious public health concerns. We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature to understand the present state of the evidence on these coaddictions. Our main focus was illicit drug use rather than misuse of legal substances. The review covers issues related to gambling as a hidden problem in the illicit drug use community; prevalence, problem gambling, and substance use disorders as kindred afflictions; problem gambling as an addiction similar to illicit drug use; risk factors and problems associated with comorbidity, and gender issues. We end with some suggestions for future research.

Illicit Drug Use and Political Involvement Amongst Contemporary Young British Citizens: A Psychological Perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
Philip N. Murphy ◽  
Lisa D. Riley ◽  
Abbie R. Kempson ◽  
Michelle Wareing ◽  
Lindsay C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Normal Behaviour ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Social Meanings

It has been argued that the apparent alienation of young Britons from involvement in conventional politics, as seen by their low turn out in the 2001 general election, may be partly due to the mismatch between their experience of, and attitudes towards, illicit drugs, and the traditional policies of the mainstream parties which have favoured their continued prohibition (e.g. Lilley, 2001). In the absence of direct evidence for such a relationship, other evidence from both the illicit drug use and political literatures respectively was examined from the viewpoint of the psychological mediation of behaviour in both areas. It was concluded that illicit drug use might not be regarded as normal behaviour by young people to the extent argued by some researchers, and that given the range of personal social meanings which users have been found to attach to this behaviour, great caution was needed when inferring social and political attitudes in this population. Important future research could include an examination of locus of control and self-efficacy beliefs, especially with those involved in active campaigning on drug related issues. Until such research is conducted, the hypothesised relationship between illicit drug use and political behaviour remains a matter of conjecture.

scholarly journals Patterns and Epidemiology of Illicit Drug Use Among Sex Workers Globally: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Jenny Iversen ◽  
Pike Long ◽  
Alexandra Lutnick ◽  
Lisa Maher
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

AbstractIntroduction: Sex workers who use drugs represent two distinct populations, yet programmatic and policy responses are siloed and failed to acknowledge the ways in which populations overlap and needs intersect. Although prevalence of drug use among sex workers is believed to be higher than the general population, no published estimates of global prevalence exist. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among sex workers overall, by gender (cis, transgender, and non-binary), and sub-region.Methods: We searched electronic databases for studies measuring the prevalence of illicit drug use among sex workers from the past decade [2009–2018]. Data were combined to generate pooled prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals of lifetime use using a random effects model. Countries were categorised into geographic sub-regions, and sub-regional pooled estimates of lifetime use among female sex workers generated and mapped.Results: Among 86 studies in 46 countries, pooled prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among sex workers was 35% (95% CI 30–41%). There was significant diversity (I2 > 90.0%, P < 0.01), and prevalence ranged from 1.2% to 84%. Most studies reported lifetime drug use among female sex workers (32 studies from 20 countries), and pooled prevalence in this sub-group was 29% (95% CI 24–34%). Insufficient data precluded generation of estimates for male and transgender sex workers.Conclusions: Our review identified significant gaps in data quality and availability. Future research in partnership with sex workers is necessary to explore the diversity of populations and contexts in which drug use and sex work intersect, inform more accurate estimates of prevalence, identify differences in risks and exposures, and guide the creation, implementation, and evaluation of programmes and services.

End-of-life care in illicit drug users: mapping medication use

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2021-002906
Author(s):  
Phoebe Ulrick ◽  
Stacey Panozzo ◽  
David Marco ◽  
Anna Collins ◽  
Jennifer Philip
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Hospitalised Patients

BackgroundWhile clinical wisdom has long provided suggested guidance around caring for people who use illicit drugs (referred to as PWUD) at the end of life, there is striking paucity of empirical evidence underpinning these practices. Understanding medications and doses required to manage symptoms at the end of life is essential to provide effective end-of-life care for these patients. This study aimed to examine the type and dose of medications prescribed to hospitalised patients who use illicit drugs at the end of life, compared with patients without previous or current illicit drug use.MethodA retrospective medical record review was conducted on consecutive patient deaths between 2012 and 2017 at a metropolitan hospital. PWUD were identified using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes for illicit drug use. Daily dosage of opioids, benzodiazepines and antipsychotics was documented for the last 3 days of life and compared with a matched comparator group.ResultsPWUD patients (n=55) received higher doses of opioids, midazolam and antipsychotics than comparator patients (n=55) for each day, significant for opioids in the last 24 hours (p=0.01). PWUD patients received a significantly higher total opioid dose (median=480.0 mg vs 255.0 mg) and midazolam (median=15.0 mg vs 5.0 mg) (both p<0.05). Rates of dose escalation did not differ.ConclusionsResults suggest that PWUD require greater doses of symptom-controlling medications, particularly opioids and midazolam, at the end of life but that rates of dose escalation do not differ greatly. This study provides a foundation for future research to inform clinical guidelines for this cohort of palliative care patients.

Report from the OMERACT Hand Osteoarthritis Special Interest Group: Advances and Future Research Priorities

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margreet Kloppenburg ◽  
Pernille Bøyesen ◽  
Wilma Smeets ◽  
Ida Haugen ◽  
Rani Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Special Interest Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hand Osteoarthritis ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Delphi Exercise

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, frequently affecting the hands. In the last decade there has been increased awareness concerning this disorder because of its clinical burden. Unfortunately, only limited treatments for symptom alleviation are available, and no effective treatment for disease modification exists. The lack of treatment is due not only to a lack of understanding of the disease process, but also to poor outcome measures to assess the condition. The OMERACT Hand OA Special Interest Group (SIG) has started to develop a core set of outcome measures for hand OA clinical trials, observational studies, and clinical record keeping. At OMERACT 11, results from a Delphi exercise were presented, and a preliminary set of core domains was discussed. The group attempted to adopt the new OMERACT Filter 2.0 in the process, and literature overviews of conventional radiographs, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging as outcome measures in hand OA were presented. Discussions that followed highlighted further suggestions for core domains, the heterogeneity of hand OA, and future research priorities.

Association Between Substance Use and the Perpetration of Family Violence in Industrialized Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandhana Choenni ◽  
Alice Hammink ◽  
Dike van de Mheen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Future Research

This review examines the association between alcohol and illicit drug use and the perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment (CM). In clinical populations, alcohol use is related to IPV, although other variables are also known to influence this relationship. Studies in specialized social/health care and in the community have also demonstrated the association between alcohol use and IPV. Although data on the association between illicit drug use and IPV are less clear, in most studies perpetration seems related to the use of cannabis and cocaine. The occurrence of CM is related to alcohol use in specialized social/health care and community populations but has not been extensively investigated in clinical samples. These findings also apply to studies on the association between illicit drug use and CM. Moreover, many studies on CM fail to distinguish between the effects of alcohol and those of illicit drugs. This review concludes with recommendations for future research about substance use and family violence and discusses implications for prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Brief interventions for illicit drug use among peripartum women

2014 ◽  
Vol 211 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry L. Farr ◽  
Yalonda L. Hutchings ◽  
Steven J. Ondersma ◽  
Andreea A. Creanga
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Brief Interventions

scholarly journals A Digital Substance-Use Harm Reduction Intervention for Students in Higher Education (MyUSE): Protocol for Project Development

10.2196/17829 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e17829
Author(s):  
Samantha Dick ◽  
Vasilis S Vasiliou ◽  
Martin P Davoren ◽  
Samantha Dockray ◽  
Ciara Heavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Harm Reduction Intervention ◽  
Change Framework

Background Digital interventions have been identified as a possible tool for reducing the harm caused by illicit drug use among students attending higher education (ie, college students). However, the success of interventions in this area has been hampered by a lack of user involvement and behavior change theory in their design. The My Understanding of Substance use Experiences (MyUSE) project combines a rigorous user-centered design (UCD) methodology and a robust behavioral change framework to develop a digitally delivered harm reduction intervention for illicit drug use among students in higher education. Objective This project aims to design and develop a digital intervention that targets drug use–related harm among students in higher education. Methods The MyUSE project will take place over 3 phases. The first phase was exploratory in nature, involving 3 systematic reviews, a large survey, and student workshops to gather a comprehensive evidence base to guide the project. The second phase is the development stage of the project, involving the use of the Behavior Change Wheel theoretical framework to determine the behavior change techniques of the intervention and the use of the UCD methodology to guide the development of the digital intervention. The third phase is the evaluation stage, whereby the intervention will undergo a 5-stage evaluation process to comprehensively evaluate its impacts. Results The exploratory phase 1 of the MyUSE project was completed in December 2018. Phase 2 is currently underway, and phase 3 is due to begin in September 2020. Conclusions Higher education institutions (HEIs) are ideally placed to intervene and support students in the area of illicit drug use but are constrained by limited resources. Current digital interventions in this area are sparse and have several weaknesses. The MyUSE project combines a UCD approach with a robust behavior change framework to develop a digitally delivered intervention that is economically viable, effective in changing behavior, usable and acceptable to students, and able to sustain long-term implementation in HEIs. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/17829

Illicit Drugs

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa Degenhardt ◽  
Wayne Hall ◽  
Chiara Bucello
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Problem Drug Use ◽  
Problem Drug

Although illicit drug use has been documented across the world, the quality of these estimates is best in the developed countries of Europe, North America, and Australasia. Regular use, “problem drug use,” and drug dependence are less frequently measured but are important to quantify in order to identify disease burden. This paper reviews European, North American, and Australasian estimates of illicit drug use, problem drug use, and drug dependence and presents risk factors of illicit drug use. These risk factors include health risks related to cannabis and mortality associated with problem drug use and injecting drug use. Drug-related morbidity is reviewed, including nonfatal overdose, HIV/AIDS, and hepatitis B and C. Future research needs to focus on obtaining better estimates of mortality and morbidity to better understand the harms associated with illicit drug dependence.

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