scholarly journals Language toward Change in Virtual Self-Help Groups Predicts the Abstinence of Problem Gamblers: Automatic Change Talk Classifier (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Yokotani
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Change Talk ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Virtual Self ◽  
Virtual Meetings ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

BACKGROUND Although participation in physical meetings has been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of relapse in gambling, the effects of participating in virtual meetings have rarely been reported. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of virtual meetings for problem gamblers. METHODS Participants were 2,828 gamblers participating in the 99 virtual meetings; 360 had stopped gambling for more than three years (abstinent gamblers) and the other 2,468 had not yet stopped gambling (non-abstinent gamblers). Their 1,665,620 utterances were encoded by the automatic change talk classifier. RESULTS The abstinent gamblers participated in the meetings longer than non-abstinent gamblers (t = 8.26, P < .001). They had more change talks than non-abstinent gamblers (t = 6.46, P < .001). The classifier also showed the optimal treatment options responding to minute changes in their participation and utterances in the meetings. CONCLUSIONS Virtual meetings are effective for gamblers. Treatment via the Internet increases the generalizability of treatment because of the size and variety of the data.

scholarly journals From Communities of Practice to Epistemic Communities: Health Mobilizations on the Internet

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Akrich
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Discussion Groups ◽  
Epistemic Communities ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Activist Groups

This paper describes the emergence of new activist groups in the health sector, spinning off from internet discussion groups. In the first part, it shows how self-help discussion groups can be considered as communities of practice in which, partly thanks to the Internet media, collective learning activities result in the constitution of experiencial knowledge, the appropriation of exogenous sources of knowledge, including medical knoweldge and the articulation of these different sources of knowledge in some lay expertise. In the second part, it describes how activist groups might emerge from these discussion groups and develop specific modes of action drawing upon the forms of expertise constituted through the Internet groups. Activists groups together with self-help groups might form epistemic communities ( HAAS 1992 ), i.e. groups of experts engaged in a policy enterprise in which knowledge plays a major role : in the confrontation of health activists with professionals, the capacity to translate political claims into the langage of science appears as a condition to be (even) heard and be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Management of chronic fatigue syndrome in children

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Wright ◽  
Ian Partridge ◽  
Christine Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Based Medicine

Certain areas of child and adolescent mental health generate a degree of polarised debate, both within and outside the profession. Media attention, the development of self-help groups and the Internet lead to the publishing of papers and opinion, which exist alongside peer-reviewed research and evidence-based medicine. Parents reading such material may find it hard to know what advice is best. One area that falls into this category is chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

System versus Lebenswelt?

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 497-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Schulz-Nieswandt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Security ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
German Health Care System ◽  
Self Help ◽  
German Health ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
The One ◽  
Self Help Groups

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag diskutiert die Positionierung und die Rolle der Selbsthilfegebilde im Neo-Korporatismus des bundesdeutschen Gesundheitswesens. Dabei bilden sich gewisse Ambivalenzen einer Dialektik heraus, die mit gegenläufigen Trends in der Entwicklung korreliert sind. Einerseits fördern die parafiskalischen öffentlich-rechtlichen Sozialversicherungen des staatsmittelbaren Sektors im § 20h SGB V die genossenschaftsartigen Selbsthilfegruppen (Gebilde der selbstorganisierten und selbstverwalteten Gegenseitigkeitshilfe) und die regionalen Kontakt- und Informationsstellen zur Förderung der Selbsthilfe im lokalen Sozialraum als Sozialkapitalbildung (Lebensweltorientierung in der Förderung der Caring Communities), andererseits werden die Bundes- und Spitzenverbände der Selbsthilfe als Selbsthilfeorganisationen gefördert, die u.a. gemäß § 140f SGB V in die institutionellen Mechanismen der gemeinsamen Selbstverwaltung als Systemlogik funktional integriert werden. Die Selbsthilfebewegung steht damit am Scheideweg – zumindest im Spannungsfeld – zwischen Lebensweltorientierung einerseits und „Kolonialisierung“ durch das System andererseits. Abstract The German health care system is organized as an order of collective self-governance in the tradition of neo-corporatism. Part of the political grammar, social health insurances are para-fiscal self-governed institutions with relative autonomy in relation to the state sector. The paper is discussing the role of the health-related self-help movement in this German health care system. § 20h Social Security Code V includes on the one hand financial contributions to mutual aid groups and regional agencies to promote self-help groups in the context of local networks as social capital formation and on the other hand financial contributions to trans-regional and national self-help organizations, which are, as a channel of political participation of patient’s perspectives, also involved in the politics of the collective self-governance of the German healthcare systems, anchored in § 140f Social Security Code V. Therefore, we can, connected with several ambivalences, obtain the dialectics of different trends in the development of the role and role settings of the self-help movement: On the one hand the promotion of self-help groups as integrated parts of the Caring Community Building, on the other hand the instrumental functionalism of colonizing the self-help movement by institutional mechanism of involving participation of patient’s perspectives into the collective self-governance of the system.

scholarly journals Discounting Behavior in Problem Gambling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ring ◽  
Catharina C. Probst ◽  
Levent Neyse ◽  
Stephan Wolff ◽  
Christian Kaernbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Model Problem ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hyperbolic Discounting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Discount Factor ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Present Bias ◽  
Long Run

AbstractProblem gamblers discount delayed rewards more rapidly than do non-gambling controls. Understanding this impulsivity is important for developing treatment options. In this article, we seek to make two contributions: First, we ask which of the currently debated economic models of intertemporal choice (exponential versus hyperbolic versus quasi-hyperbolic) provides the best description of gamblers’ discounting behavior. Second, we ask how problem gamblers differ from habitual gamblers and non-gambling controls within the most favored parametrization. Our analysis reveals that the quasi-hyperbolic discounting model is strongly favored over the other two parametrizations. Within the quasi-hyperbolic discounting model, problem gamblers have both a significantly stronger present bias and a smaller long-run discount factor, which suggests that gamblers’ impulsivity has two distinct sources.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Individual Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) for Concerned Significant Others of Problem Gamblers

2016 ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Nayoski ◽  
David C. Hodgins
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Treatment Entry ◽  
Concerned Significant Others

Treatment options for concerned significant others (CSOs) of problem gamblers are limited, and available treatments focus exclusively on the distress of CSOs. Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is a comprehensive treatment program for CSOs of substance abusers that has been shown to reduce CSO distress in addition to the substance abuser's alcohol or drug behaviour. CRAFT capitalizes on the well-documented fact that family members have considerable influence on the substance abuser's decision to enter treatment. The present study modified the CRAFT approach into an individual treatment format for CSOs of problem gamblers and examined its efficacy in comparison to a CRAFT self-help workbook in a randomized clinical trial. A total of 31 participants were recruited. No statistical differences were found between the groups; however, effect sizes indicated that participants who received the CRAFT individual intervention seemed to have better outcomes than did those who received the CRAFT workbook (decreased days and dollars gambled by the gambler and improved CSO functioning). No differences between groups were found for gambler treatment entry rates over the follow-up period in terms of effect sizes. The results provide initial, but limited, support for the CRAFT approach delivered to CSOs of treatment-resistant problem gamblers in an individual treatment format compared with the self-help workbook format. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to gauge the efficacy of the CRAFT individual intervention compared with the CRAFT self-help workbook.

Introduction to the Forum on Cluttering: Rays of Hope Shine Around the World

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1566-1567
Author(s):  
Isabella Reichel
Keyword(s):  
Professional Preparation ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Attention Performance ◽  
Self Help Groups

Purpose In the 10 years since the International Cluttering Association (ICA) was created, this organization has been growing in the scope of its initiatives, and in the variety of resources it makes available for people with cluttering (PWC). However, the awareness of this disorder and of the methods for its intervention remain limited in countries around the world. A celebration of the multinational and multicultural engagements of the ICA's Committee of the International Representatives is a common thread running through all the articles in this forum. The first article is a joint effort among international representatives from five continents and 15 countries, exploring various themes related to cluttering, such as awareness, research, professional preparation, intervention, and self-help groups. The second article, by Elizabeth Gosselin and David Ward, investigates attention performance in PWC. In the third article, Yvonne van Zaalen and Isabella Reichel explain how audiovisual feedback training can improve the monitoring skills of PWC, with both quantitative and qualitative benefits in cognitive, emotional, and social domains of communication. In the final article, Hilda Sønsterud examines whether the working alliance between the client and clinician may predict a successful cluttering therapy outcome. Conclusions Authors of this forum exchanged their expertise, creativity, and passion with the goal of solving the mystery of the disconcerting cluttering disorder with the hope that all PWC around the globe will have access to the most effective evidence-based treatments leading to blissful and successful communication.

Developing Approaches to Self-Help Groups

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 635-636
Author(s):  
Nathan Hurvitz
Keyword(s):  
Self Help ◽  
Self Help Groups

Self-Help Groups and the Professional

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Riessman ◽  
Alan Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Self Help ◽  
Self Help Groups
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