scholarly journals The Bay of Kiladha Project (Argolid, Greece): Bridging East and West

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Birchler Emery ◽  
Julien Beck ◽  
Julien Beck ◽  
Despina Koutsoumba ◽  
Despina Koutsoumba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
The University ◽  
Joint Research Program

The project, a joint research program between the University of Geneva, under the aegis of the Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece, and the Greek Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities, aims at finding traces of prehistoric human activity in a small bay of the southern Argolid, near the Franchthi Cave, a major prehistoric site used from 40,000 years ago to 5,000 years ago. For most of these 35,000 years, because of global sea-level change in prehistory, the Bay of Kiladha was in fact a small coastal plain, where the sedentary farmers of the Neolithic period had probably their village.Research currently focuses on two parts of the bay: the Franchthi sector, close to the Cave (submerged Neolithic village) and the Lambayanna sector, just a few hundred meters to the north of Franchthi Cave (HA II fortified settlement).

scholarly journals Organic stratigraphy and its applications with examples from the North American Western Interior and Antarctica

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 147-147
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Jacobson ◽  
Rosemary A. Askin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Organic Geochemistry ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
Age Relations

Both insoluble (particulate) and soluble (molecular) sedimentary organic matter carry signatures of physical, chemical, and biological processes. These signatures may reflect (a) primary age-diagnostic, organism-specific, and environmentally-sensitive processes; (b) secondary factors related to mode of transportation, deposition, and preservation; and (c) tertiary agents that indicate post-burial alteration of the organic matter. Application of any or all organic matter data recorded in rocks can be used to solve geologic problems.Organic stratigraphy may be applied to hydrocarbon exploration. Our example uses both particulate and molecular data to reconstruct the age relations of Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary sediments in Wyoming, to determine the age of thrust fault motion, and to demonstrate constraints on the timing of upward petroleum migration to available trapped reservoirs.Another perspective helps establish chronostratigraphic frameworks for correlations of global sea-level change. Our example from Antarctic sediments that span the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary reflects perturbations in relative sea-level and the consequential changes in the distribution of organic particulates from marine and terrestrial regimes. These data can be compared to age-equivalent data from other parts of the world, and test global sea-level change.Both of these applications demonstrate the versatility of organic matter in solving geologic problems. Data from contemporaneous land plants, freshwater and marine organic-walled micro-organisms provide clues on their lifestyle and subsequent afterlife alteration. Organic stratigraphy represents a long anticipated integration of several paleontological disciplines. It combines aspects of palynology, organic geochemistry, paleobotany, and coal petrography into a coherent science, with an enhanced capability to provide significant applications in the future.

Volume–area scaling parameterisation of Norwegian ice caps: A comparison of different approaches

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tron Laumann ◽  
Atle Nesje
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
Best Fit

Over the recent decades, glaciers have in general continued to lose mass, causing surface lowering, volume reduction and frontal retreat, thus contributing to global sea-level rise. When making assessments of present and future sea-level change and management of water resources in glaciated catchments, precise estimates of glacier volume are important. The glacier volume cannot be measured on every single glacier. Therefore, the global glacier volume must be estimated from models or scaling approaches. Volume–area scaling is mostly applied for estimating volumes of glaciers and ice caps on a regional and global scale by using a statistical–theoretical relationship between glacier volume ( V) and area ( A) ( V =  cAγ) (for explanation of the parameters c and γ, see Eq. 1). In this paper, a two-dimensional (2D) glacier model has been applied on four Norwegian ice caps (Hardangerjøkulen, Nordre Folgefonna, Spørteggbreen and Vestre Svartisen) in order to obtain values for the volume–area relationship on ice caps. The curve obtained for valley glaciers gives the best fit to the smallest plateau glaciers when c = 0.027 km3−2 γ and γ = 1.375, and a slightly poorer fit when the glacier increases in size. For ice caps, c = 0.056 km3−2 γ and γ = 1.25 fit reasonably well for the largest, but yield less fit to the smaller.

Towards a vulnerability assessment of the UK and northern European coasts: the role of regional climate variability

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1831) ◽  
pp. 1329-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N Tsimplis ◽  
D.K Woolf ◽  
T.J Osborn ◽  
S Wakelin ◽  
J Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Uk

Within the framework of a Tyndall Centre research project, sea level and wave changes around the UK and in the North Sea have been analysed. This paper integrates the results of this project. Many aspects of the contribution of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) to sea level and wave height have been resolved. The NAO is a major forcing parameter for sea-level variability. Strong positive response to increasing NAO was observed in the shallow parts of the North Sea, while slightly negative response was found in the southwest part of the UK. The cause of the strong positive response is mainly the increased westerly winds. The NAO increase during the last decades has affected both the mean sea level and the extreme sea levels in the North Sea. The derived spatial distribution of the NAO-related variability of sea level allows the development of scenarios for future sea level and wave height in the region. Because the response of sea level to the NAO is found to be variable in time across all frequency bands, there is some inherent uncertainty in the use of the empirical relationships to develop scenarios of future sea level. Nevertheless, as it remains uncertain whether the multi-decadal NAO variability is related to climate change, the use of the empirical relationships in developing scenarios is justified. The resulting scenarios demonstrate: (i) that the use of regional estimates of sea level increase the projected range of sea-level change by 50% and (ii) that the contribution of the NAO to winter sea-level variability increases the range of uncertainty by a further 10–20 cm. On the assumption that the general circulation models have some skill in simulating the future NAO change, then the NAO contribution to sea-level change around the UK is expected to be very small (<4 cm) by 2080. Wave heights are also sensitive to the NAO changes, especially in the western coasts of the UK. Under the same scenarios for future NAO changes, the projected significant wave-height changes in the northeast Atlantic will exceed 0.4 m. In addition, wave-direction changes of around 20° per unit NAO index have been documented for one location. Such changes raise the possibility of consequential alteration of coastal erosion.

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