DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A LARGE-SCALE GLACIER MODEL BASED ON AN ENERGY BALANCE APPROACH OVER CENTRAL EUROPE

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. I_919-I_924
Author(s):  
Orie SASAKI ◽  
Koji FUJITA ◽  
Akiko SAKAI ◽  
Yukiko HIRABAYASHI ◽  
Shinjiro KANAE
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Balance Approach ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Energy Balance Approach

scholarly journals Kinematic energy balance approach to submarine landslide evolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1351-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Buss ◽  
Balz Friedli ◽  
Alexander M. Puzrin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Slip Surface ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Deformation Problem ◽  
Balance Approach ◽  
Landslide Evolution ◽  
Large Deformation Problem ◽  
Energy Balance Approach

The paper applies the energy balance kinematic method of plasticity theory to the large deformation problem of initiation and propagation of the spreading and ploughing failure outside a failed slab in submarine sediments. The models account for the phenomenon of the progressive propagation of a slope parallel slip surface, which is also quantified using the energy balance approach. In contrast to existing approximate analytical and numerical solutions, the proposed approach provides a theoretical basis for spreading and ploughing criteria as well as the comprehensive dynamic solution of the problem of post-failure landslide evolution. Incremental integration of the derived analytical expressions for kinetic energy in time allows for modelling recurrent initiation of new kinematic failure mechanisms with their subsequent large-scale deformation. Treating the failed slab as well as the spreading and ploughing mechanisms as one composite dynamically evolving mass movement allows for the final post-failure geomorphology of the failed slope to be predicted using basic mechanical principles.

scholarly journals Evapotranspiration Estimation with Small UAVs in Precision Agriculture

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6427
Author(s):  
Haoyu Niu ◽  
Derek Hollenbeck ◽  
Tiebiao Zhao ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
YangQuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bowen Ratio ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Energy Balance Approach

Estimating evapotranspiration (ET) has been one of the most critical research areas in agriculture because of water scarcity, the growing population, and climate change. The accurate estimation and mapping of ET are necessary for crop water management. Traditionally, researchers use water balance, soil moisture, weighing lysimeters, or an energy balance approach, such as Bowen ratio or eddy covariance towers to estimate ET. However, these ET methods are point-specific or area-weighted measurements and cannot be extended to a large scale. With the advent of satellite technology, remote sensing images became able to provide spatially distributed measurements. However, the spatial resolution of multispectral satellite images is in the range of meters, tens of meters, or hundreds of meters, which is often not enough for crops with clumped canopy structures, such as trees and vines. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can mitigate these spatial and temporal limitations. Lightweight cameras and sensors can be mounted on the UAVs and take high-resolution images. Unlike satellite imagery, the spatial resolution of the UAV images can be at the centimeter-level. UAVs can also fly on-demand, which provides high temporal imagery. In this study, the authors examined different UAV-based approaches of ET estimation at first. Models and algorithms, such as mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalized calibration (METRIC), the two-source energy balance (TSEB) model, and machine learning (ML) are analyzed and discussed herein. Second, challenges and opportunities for UAVs in ET estimation are also discussed, such as uncooled thermal camera calibration, UAV image collection, and image processing. Then, the authors share views on ET estimation with UAVs for future research and draw conclusive remarks.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document