scholarly journals EFFECT OF SEA LEVEL RISE ON THE LOSS OF FRESH GROUNDWATER RESOURCES: CASE STUDIES OF WESTERN AMERICAN COAST AND BAY OF BENGAL

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyantha RANJAN ◽  
So KAZAMA ◽  
Masaki SAWAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Fresh Groundwater

scholarly journals Impacts of Sea Level Rise and Groundwater Extraction Scenarios on Fresh Groundwater Resources in the Nile Delta Governorates, Egypt

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marmar Mabrouk ◽  
Andreja Jonoski ◽  
Gualbert H. P. Oude Essink ◽  
Stefan Uhlenbrook
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
The Impact

As Egypt’s population increases, the demand for fresh groundwater extraction will intensify. Consequently, the groundwater quality will deteriorate, including an increase in salinization. On the other hand, salinization caused by saltwater intrusion in the coastal Nile Delta Aquifer (NDA) is also threatening the groundwater resources. The aim of this article is to assess the situation in 2010 (since this is when most data is sufficiently available) regarding the available fresh groundwater resources and to evaluate future salinization in the NDA using a 3D variable-density groundwater flow model coupled with salt transport that was developed with SEAWAT. This is achieved by examining six future scenarios that combine two driving forces: increased extraction and sea level rise (SLR). Given the prognosis of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC), the scenarios are used to assess the impact of groundwater extraction versus SLR on the seawater intrusion in the Delta and evaluate their contributions to increased groundwater salinization. The results show that groundwater extraction has a greater impact on salinization of the NDA than SLR, while the two factors combined cause the largest reduction of available fresh groundwater resources. The significant findings of this research are the determination of the groundwater volumes of fresh water, brackish, light brackish and saline water in the NDA as a whole and in each governorate and the identification of the governorates that are most vulnerable to salinization. It is highly recommended that the results of this analysis are considered in future mitigation and/or adaptation plans.

Groundwater salinisation in the Wadden Sea area of the Netherlands: quantifying the effects of climate change, sea-level rise and anthropogenic interferences

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pauw ◽  
P.G.B. de Louw ◽  
G.H.P. Oude Essink
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Sea Area

AbstractHydrogeological research in coastal areas has gained considerable attention over the last decades due to increasing stresses on fresh groundwater resources. Fundamental groundwater flow and solute transport analyses remain essential for a concise understanding of the governing processes that lead to salinisation of fresh groundwater resources. However, the challenge of modern research is the application and quantification of these processes in real world cases. In this context, deltaic areas are amongst the most difficult study areas as they often have a complex groundwater salinity distribution. The Wadden Sea area in the northern part of the Netherlands is an example of such an area.We quantified salt water intrusion and salinisation of groundwater flow systems in two representative case studies in the Wadden Sea area, using the density dependent groundwater flow and transport code M0CDENS3D. The results indicate that sea-level rise and autonomous processes will cause severe salinisation in the future, especially in the low polder areas close to the sea. In addition, we show that enhanced land subsidence due to salt exploitation accelerates this process. Salinisation can be mitigated to some extent by raising surface water levels in polders and by creating saline groundwater collection areas that maintain a low controlled water level.

scholarly journals Modelling the increased frequency of extreme sea levels in the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta due to sea level rise and other effects of climate change

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1311-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kay ◽  
J. Caesar ◽  
J. Wolf ◽  
L. Bricheno ◽  
R. J. Nicholls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Extreme Sea Levels ◽  
The Ganges

A hydrodynamic model of the Bay of Bengal has been used to explore increasing frequency of extreme sea levels in the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta over the 21st century.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Saltwater Intrusion in the Rmel-Oulad Ogbane Coastal Aquifer (Larache, Morocco) in the Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise Context (2040)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2167
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jalal EL Hamidi ◽  
Abdelkader Larabi ◽  
Mohamed Faouzi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
And Sea Level

Many coastal aquifers have experienced seawater intrusion (SWI) into fresh groundwater aquifers. The principal causes of SWI include over-pumping and events such as climate change (CC) and rising sea levels. In northern Morocco, the Rmel-Oulad Ogbane coastal aquifer (ROOCA) supplies high-quality groundwater for drinking water and agriculture. This favorable situation has led to increased pumping, resulting in environmental challenges such as dropping water table and SWI. Furthermore, the climate has resulted in less recharge, with an estimated annual precipitation of 602 mm and an average temperature of 18.5 °C. The goal of this study is to determine how CC, over-pumping, and sea-level rise (SLR) affect SWI. Computational groundwater and solute transport models are used to simulate the spatial and temporal evolution of hydraulic heads and groundwater solute concentrations. The calibration is based on steady and transient groundwater levels from 1962 to 2040. SWI simulations show that the NW sector of the coastal area would be polluted, with the toe reaching 5.2 km inland with a significant salinity (15–25 g/L). To protect the fresh water in the reservoir from SWI, enhanced groundwater development and management approaches for this aquifer are required, such as artificial recharge from surface water.

Effect of sea level rise on tidal circulation in the Hooghly Estuary, Bay of Bengal

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Sinha ◽  
Y. R. Rao ◽  
S. K. Dube ◽  
T. S. Murty
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Tidal Circulation ◽  
Hooghly Estuary

Estimating regional to global fresh-brackish-salt groundwater occurrence to support future projections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc F.P. Bierkens ◽  
Jude A. King ◽  
Joeri van Engelen ◽  
Jarno Verkaik ◽  
Daniel Zamrsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Variable Density ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Surface Sealing ◽  
Groundwater Occurrence

<p>Coastal areas, including deltas, are hotspots for population growth and economic development. The rising demand for fresh water that results from these developments has resulted in increased rates of groundwater pumping and an associated enhanced risk of groundwater salinization. Future sea-level rise, climate change and surface sealing due to urbanisation are likely to further increase salinization risk in the near future. In order to correctly project the future fate of fresh groundwater resources in coastal areas under climate and socio-economic change, a correct estimate of the current fresh-brackish-salt groundwater occurrence is imperative. The reason for this is that future salinity projections are very sensitive to initial conditions, due to the large inertia of variable-density groundwater systems. Here, we make a case that estimating the current fresh-brackish-salt groundwater distribution by itself is a major challenge. The presence of conductivity contrasts in coastal areas, the past occurrence of sea-level transgressions and the aforementioned system inertia makes that traditional estimation methods such as interpolations between in-situ salinity observations or equilibrium (steady-state) modelling approaches are incapable of producing sufficiently realistic fresh-brackish-salt groundwater distributions. Using examples from the Rhine-Meuse delta, the Nile delta and the global coast, we show that advancements in airborne geophysics and high-resolution paleo-groundwater modelling may be key to providing distributions that are both realistic and accurate.</p>

scholarly journals Investigation and control of seawater intrusion in the Eastern Nile Delta aquifer considering climate change

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany F. Abd-Elhamid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
And Control

Seawater intrusion is considered one of the main processes that degrade water quality by raising salinity. Over-pumping and decreasing recharge are considered the main causes of saltwater intrusion. Moreover, climate change and sea-level rise accelerate saltwater intrusion. In this paper SEAWAT code was used to study groundwater flow and seawater intrusion in the Eastern Nile Delta aquifer considering four scenarios of climate change including sea-level rise, increasing abstraction, decreasing recharge and the combination of these scenarios. The results showed that decreasing recharge has a significant effect on seawater intrusion. However, the combinations of these scenarios resulted in harmful intrusion and loss of groundwater. The soil salinity increased, which decreased agricultural production. The control of seawater intrusion and protection of groundwater resources and soil is very important. Different scenarios were implemented to protect the aquifer from seawater intrusion including decreasing abstraction, increasing recharge, abstracting brackish water and the combination of these three scenarios. The abstraction of brackish water gave a higher reduction of seawater intrusion and decreased groundwater table in the aquifer near the shore line, which protected the soil from salinity and increased agricultural production. However, the combination of these three scenarios gave the highest reduction of seawater intrusion.

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