scholarly journals Experimental Study on Infiltration Characteristic of Storm water Infiltration Facilities

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Storm Water

Development of a GIS-based Expert System for on-site Storm-water Management

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Jin ◽  
F. Sieker ◽  
S. Bandermann ◽  
H. Sieker
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The City

Urbanization is accelerating worldwide. One of the negative effects of urbanization is the overloading of the city sewer system. To solve this problem, on-site storm water infiltration proves very promising due to its near natural characteristics and multiple effects on the drainage of stormwater runoff in urban areas. However, the judgment of whether a local area is appropriate to be drained in this way and which infiltration measures are optimal is rather complex and involves analysing a set of influential factors. This judgment depends on not only relevant theoretical considerations, but also a large amount of practical experience and the availability of relevant data, as well. Such a judgment is an unstructured problem and relates to changeable knowledge. To fulfill this task, the so-called expert system, or knowledge-based system, is introduced. One of the advantages of an expert system is that it provides automation of expert-level judgment. This is extremely helpful when an expert-level judgment is needed repeatedly for a large amount of cases, like in the planning of on-site stormwater infiltration systems for an entire city catchment. This paper describes a self-developed expert system tool for developing rule-based expert systems, as well as a case study: using an expert system for the selection of on-site storm water infiltration measures for the city of Chemnitz, Germany.

Recommended urban storm water infiltration devices for different types of run-off under varying hydrogeological conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Göbel ◽  
Julia Zimmermann ◽  
Christoph Klinger ◽  
Holger Stubbe ◽  
Wilhelm G. Coldewey
Keyword(s):  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Hydrogeological Conditions ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Urban Storm

Design graphs for storm water infiltration facilities

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LEEFLANG ◽  
N. MONSTER ◽  
F. VAN DE VEN
Keyword(s):  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Storm Water

Optimization of compaction zoning in loess embankments

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin Zhang ◽  
Xueming Yu ◽  
Ting Hu
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Centrifuge Test ◽  
Test Compaction ◽  
Centrifuge Model ◽  
Bottom Zone ◽  
Centrifuge Model Tests

Extensive centrifuge model tests were carried out to investigate optimum compaction density zones within loess embankments 30 and 63.8 m high. In these tests, water infiltration into the slopes and upstream storm water ponds were modelled to simulate the most unfavourable working conditions. Displacement contours in the cross sections were measured and crest settlements were monitored during the tests. Finally, the optimum compaction zoning was analysed based on the comprehensive evaluation of the total crest settlement, the postconstruction settlement, and the slope stability of the embankments. It was indicated that a properly designed high loess embankment could perform satisfactorily with the lower part compacted looser than the conventional code requirements. In terms of total crest settlement and embankment cracking, the degree of compaction K of loess fills should not be less than 0.85 for 30 m high embankments and not less than 0.90 for 63.8 m high embankments. In terms of the postconstruction settlement (<0.2-0.3 m) and construction feasibility, it is expedient to compact the lower one third to K = 0.85, and the top two thirds to K = 0.90 for 63.8 m high embankments. For 30 m high embankments, the bottom zone with K = 0.85 can make up two thirds of the height.Key words: Key words: embankment, centrifuge test, compaction, settlement, stability, loess.

Impact of a Storm-Water Infiltration Basin on the Recharge Dynamics in a Highly Permeable Aquifer

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Masetti ◽  
Daniele Pedretti ◽  
Alessandro Sorichetta ◽  
Stefania Stevenazzi ◽  
Federico Bacci
Keyword(s):  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Infiltration Basin

scholarly journals Sources and pathways of biocides and their transformation products in urban storm water infrastructure of a 2 ha urban district

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 4495-4512
Author(s):  
Felicia Linke ◽  
Oliver Olsson ◽  
Frank Preusser ◽  
Klaus Kümmerer ◽  
Lena Schnarr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Drainage Pipe ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract. Biocides used in film protection products leaching from facades are known to be a potential threat to the environment. This study identifies individual sources and entry pathways in a small-scale urban area. We investigate emissions of commonly used biocides (terbutryn, diuron, and octylisothiazolinone – OIT) and some of their transformation products (TPs; diuron-desmethyl, terbumeton, terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy, and terbutryn-desethyl) from a 2 ha residential area 13 years after construction has ended. Sampling utilizes existing urban water infrastructure representative for decentralized storm water management in central and northern Europe and applies a two-step approach to (a) determine the occurrence of biocides above water quality limits (i.e., predicted no-effect concentration, PNEC) and (b) identify source areas and characterize entry pathways into surface and groundwater. Monitoring focuses on the analysis of selected biocides and TPs by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in water samples taken from facades, rainwater pipes, drainage, and storm water infiltration systems. In standing water in a swale, we found high concentrations of diuron (174 ng L−1) and terbutryn (40 ng L−1) above PNEC for surface water. We confirmed expected sources, i.e., facades. Sampling of rain downpipes from flat roofs identified additional sources of all biocides and two TPs of terbutryn and one TP of diuron. Diuron and terbutryn were found in three drainage pipes representing different entry pathways of biocides. In one drainage pipe collecting road runoff, only diuron-desmethyl and terbutryn-desethyl were detected. In two other drainage pipes collecting infiltrated water through soil, terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy was additionally detected. One of the pipes collecting infiltrated water through soil concentration showed the highest concentrations of terbutryn and two of its TPs (terbutryn-desethyl and terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy). This suggests a high leaching potential of terbutryn. The applied two-step approach determined sources and pathways of biocide and their TPs. This study contributes to expanding knowledge on their entry and distribution and, thus, eventually towards reducing emissions.

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