North Korean Chairmen Kim Jong-Il and Kim Jong-Un’s Worship of Leaders and Hybrid Mind

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1591-1602
Author(s):  
Seungdae Han
Keyword(s):  
Kim Jong Il

North Korea in 1982: Continuing Revolution under Kim Jong Il

Asian Survey ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Rinn-Sup Shinn
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
Kim Jong Il

From Kim Jong Il to Kim Jong Un: nuclear impasse or diplomatic opportunity?

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-316
Author(s):  
Er-Win Tan ◽  
Geetha Govindasamy
Keyword(s):  
Kim Jong Il

scholarly journals The religious phenomenon of Juche ideology as a political tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fransiskus I. Widjaja ◽  
Noh I. Boiliu ◽  
Irfan F. Simanjuntak ◽  
Joni M.P. Gultom ◽  
Fredy Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
The State ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Kim Il Sung ◽  
The People ◽  
Kim Jong Il ◽  
Juche Ideology ◽  
Modern Era

This study aims to determine the motive that led to the establishment of Juche by Kim Il Sung amidst the influence of communism and its transformation into religion in North Korea. North Korea is a communist country dictated by Kim Jong-Un of the Kim dynasty and known for its cruelty. The country underwent several changes from Marxism-Leninism to familism to determine its strength in Juche. This ideology that acts as a religion was influenced and strengthened Kim Jong Il to Kim Jong-Un and built by shifting the concept of marxism-Leninism to construct a new understanding of Juche. It will be demonstrated that this ideology was influenced by Confucianism, Christianity, Nationalism, Chinese Communism, and Russian Communism. In the modern era, imperialism was used as an ideological tool to restrict backwardness. This theory allegedly helped Kim Il-Sung establish a unitary, one-person rule over North Korea. ‘It will be examined whether Juche ideology is a tool the state has used to convince people of their government. Pronouncements, an intentional religion in which the people were to believe that their Ruler (Kim Il Sung) was a supreme human or an ideology that morphed into a religion’. It will be demonstrated that, when they started honoring Kim as their god, no other religion was permitted.Contribution: This research offers readers an understanding of the value of humanity in the binding ideology of Juche. However, the Juche Ideology can serve as a missiological bridge towards mission goals, which require the experience of spiritual, physical, and social liberation.

Hybrid in Form, Socialist in Content: The Formal Politics of Chŏlga in the North Korean Revolutionary Opera Sea of Blood

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-445
Author(s):  
STEPHEN JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Cultural Hybridity ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Music Genres ◽  
The North ◽  
Kim Jong Il ◽  
Analytical Standards ◽  
Korean Nation

AbstractKim Jong Il considered the 1971 premiere of the opera Sea of Blood a watershed moment in opera history. He lauded its innovative use of chŏlga (‘stanzaic song’) rather than aria and recitative. By Western analytical standards, however, chŏlga is simple and predictable, so scholars have thus far glossed over its conventions and their signification. This article instead argues that chŏlga conventions exhibit cultural hybridity and that Kim leveraged such hybridity to advocate a modern, popular, and national sound for North Korea. I begin by outlining hybrid characteristics of colonial-era popular music that chŏlga inherited. I then explore Kim's engagement with such trends in his speeches on chŏlga and demonstrate that cultural hybridity was central to his understanding of sonic modernity. Finally, I analyse a scene from Sea of Blood that pits chŏlga against other music genres, leading to a symbolic victory for the form and for the Korean nation.

A Study of Kim Jong-il

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-212
Author(s):  
Carolyn J. Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Kim Jong Il

Contextualizing Revolutionary Operas

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-158
Author(s):  
Keith Howard
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Kim Il Sung ◽  
The North ◽  
Chinese Model ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Kim Jong Il ◽  
Korean Nationalism ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Collective Creation ◽  
The Impact

Chapter 5 is the second of three chapters on “revolutionary operas.” It explores how revolutionary operas reflect and are distinct from parallel genres in the Soviet Union, as well as how they may have been influenced by Chinese model works. It shows how ideology, including Soviet socialist realism and North Korean nationalism, and also collective creation and “seed theory,” is embedded in operas. It discusses the involvement of the North Korean leadership, and in particular Kim Jong Il, in opera creation, and explores the impact of comments made by the leadership after the premieres of the first three operas. The chapter asks what was known about opera in Korea before 1945, offering a discussion of the traditional genre of p’ansori, its twentieth-century ch’anggŭk staged equivalent, and how these two genres—and specific musicians associated with them who moved from Seoul to Pyongyang and continued their careers there into the 1960s—fared. These older forms were effectively stopped dead when Kim Il Sung remarked that they were reminiscent of a time when people traveled by donkey and wore horsehair hats, and, after the five revolutionary operas, they were replaced by “people’s operas” in the new, revolutionary opera mold.

Climate Change and Regime Perpetuation in North Korea

Asian Survey ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Habib
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Kim Jong Il ◽  
Climate Hazards

Climate change is a new variable that may weaken the Kim Jong-il regime by disrupting North Korea's agricultural sector, leading to greater food insecurity and erosion of the state's institutions. North Korea has limited capacity to adapt to climate hazards, which could exacerbate existing stresses and push the regime into terminal decay.

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