scholarly journals Divergent Interpretations and Inter-Organizational Relations of Halal Product Guarantee Policy in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Agus Iswanto ◽  
Koeswinarno Koeswinarno
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Institutional Logic ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
New Institutional Theory ◽  
Connotative Meaning ◽  
Organizational Relations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meaning Interpretation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

The emergence of the issue of halal products, both in the form of food and services, has also led to competition regarding the certification of halal products. Studies on competition between certification bodies have been carried out, but these studies do not focus on the competition that occurs in Southeast Asian countries, including Indonesia which is a big market for the halal industry. In Indonesia, the implementation of the regulation of Halal Product Guarantee (HPG) in Law No. 33 2014 still raises problems, including the related issue of inter-organizational relations. This article discusses the relations between organizations based on the interpretation of each party related to the Halal Product Guarantee policy, and the consequences arising from it. This article used new institutional theory, and a semiotics approach as analysis of verbal signs and gestures raised by each of the parties. This article argued that the interpretations of each organizational actor towards the new halal certification policy in Indonesia are driven by different institutional reasons/logics, resulting in contradictions, even conflicts related to the relationship between organizations implementing the policy. The difference in meaning, especially in the connotative meaning, shows the difference in institutional logic. Thus, there is a divergence in meaning. Therefore, it is important to equate significance (meaning/interpretation) to each of the institutions related to Halal Product Guarantee in order to realize the implementation of the regulations properly.

EPIC - THE SOURCE OF THE “SOFT POWER” OF INDIAN CULTURE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Thuy Le Thi Bich
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Indian Epic ◽  
Historical Culture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

The power of each nation is determined by many factors, including the role of its culture. Culture is seen as an effective tool of soft power to affirm the image of our country in the international community. As one of the originating centers of Asian civilization and one of the largest, oldest civilizations in the world, India's soft power exists naturally in its own long historical culture. The Indian epic is considered to be the source of soft power, the link between the world and Indian culture, helping Indian culture expand its influence on other countries and the world. In this article, we focus on presenting the unique features of thinking, soul, thought, and “Indian spirit” reflected in the epic - the source of Indian culture and the epic continuation in countries in Southeast Asia. Thereby, this article helps its readers have a comprehensive view of the Indian epic - the source of “soft power” of Indian culture in Southeast Asian countries to strengthen and develop the relationship between India and other countries in Southeast Asia more and more sustainably and lasting.

scholarly journals Interpreting, analysing and modelling COVID-19 mortality data

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 1751-1776
Author(s):  
Didier Sornette ◽  
Euan Mearns ◽  
Michael Schatz ◽  
Ke Wu ◽  
Didier Darcet
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Logistic Equation ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Death Count

Abstract We present results on the mortality statistics of the COVID-19 epidemic in a number of countries. Our data analysis suggests classifying countries in five groups, (1) Western countries, (2) East Block, (3) developed Southeast Asian countries, (4) Northern Hemisphere developing countries and (5) Southern Hemisphere countries. Comparing the number of deaths per million inhabitants, a pattern emerges in which the Western countries exhibit the largest mortality rate. Furthermore, comparing the running cumulative death tolls as the same level of outbreak progress in different countries reveals several subgroups within the Western countries and further emphasises the difference between the five groups. Analysing the relationship between deaths per million and life expectancy in different countries, taken as a proxy of the preponderance of elderly people in the population, a main reason behind the relatively more severe COVID-19 epidemic in the Western countries is found to be their larger population of elderly people, with exceptions such as Norway and Japan, for which other factors seem to dominate. Our comparison between countries at the same level of outbreak progress allows us to identify and quantify a measure of efficiency of the level of stringency of confinement measures. We find that increasing the stringency from 20 to 60 decreases the death count by about 50 lives per million in a time window of 20  days. Finally, we perform logistic equation analyses of deaths as a means of tracking the dynamics of outbreaks in the “first wave” and estimating the associated ultimate mortality, using four different models to identify model error and robustness of results. This quantitative analysis allows us to assess the outbreak progress in different countries, differentiating between those that are at a quite advanced stage and close to the end of the epidemic from those that are still in the middle of it. This raises many questions in terms of organisation, preparedness, governance structure and so on.

scholarly journals Public Debt and Economic Growth in The SouthEast Asian Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ghafur Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

This study examines the relationship between public debt and economic growth in eight countries in Southeast Asia that are members of ASEAN. Through the study will contribute reference for each country to establish their macroeconomic policies. Using 10 years of data from 2006 to 2015 and analysis tools Autoregression Vector (VAR), the study attempts to test the theory of finance led growth. The main finding of this study is that public debt is actually able to increase the economic growth of a country significantly, although it takes a few years of its existence. This finding supports several previous studies that demonstrate the important role of government debt to the economy of a country.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v6i1.4779

scholarly journals Long-run Determinants of Private Saving Behaviour in Pakistan

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (4III) ◽  
pp. 1057-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasim M. Husain
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Domestic Saving ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Private Saving ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Compared to the rapidly-growing economies of Southeast Asia, the growth performance of the Pakistan economy was significantly weaker during the 1970s and 1980s. While the Southeast Asian countries made substantial progress in improving living standards, the average standard of living, as measured by the GNP per capita, was virtually stagnant in Pakistan over this period. Much of the difference in economic performance between Pakistan and the Southeast Asian countries is often attributed to the low rates of saving and investment in Pakistan.1 Indeed, the differences in rates of domestic investment are often attributed to the differences in rates of domestic saving. Hence, the disparity in the growth performance between Pakistan and the Southeast Asian countries over the past two decades relates to the differences in saving rates, and an understanding of the fundamental determinants of saving in Pakistan assumes critical importance. This paper reviews trend developments in the private saving behaviour in Pakistan, and compares these trends with those seen in the Southeast Asian economies during the period since 1970. Using co-integration analysis, the long-run properties of Pakistan’s saving rate are examined, with a view to identifying the main determinants of saving. The principal finding is that about one-half of the trend increase in saving appears to be related to financial development and deepening. In contrast to the results obtained by Faruqee and Husain (1994) and Husain (1995) for the Southeast Asian countries, demographics appear not to have played an important role in determining saving behaviour in Pakistan, possibly because high rates of population growth during the past three decades resulted in a virtually unchanged demographic structure of the population.

scholarly journals Governance and sustainability in Southeast Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Tran ◽  
Eshani Beddewela ◽  
Collins G. Ntim
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainability Disclosure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between a diverse set of corporate governance (CG) mechanisms and corporate sustainability disclosure (CSD) in Southeast Asian countries under national stakeholder reform. Design/methodology/approach Data analysis is based on 171 of the largest companies across six Southeast Asian countries using a 30-item CSD measure. Findings The authors find that there are wide variations in the levels of CSD across the countries. The findings indicate that board size, board gender diversity, block ownership and the presence of a sustainability committee are significant determinants of CSD. Additionally, whilst more stringent stakeholder governance reform motivates firms to publish more sustainability information, it fails to influence the effectiveness of the board of directors in promoting CSD. Practical implications Findings of this study highlight the essential role internal governance structure plays in monitoring corporate actions and enabling corporations to reduce their legitimacy gap. The findings further encourage regulators and policymakers to question, with utmost importance, the effectiveness of stakeholder reform in making significant organisational changes. Originality/value There is a dearth of studies that examine the CG-CSD nexus in relation to specific institutional characteristics. Existing studies mainly focus on a single country with similar institutional environments and thus limiting the ability to understand the “context specificity” of sustainability content development. This paper provides an overview of stakeholder reform in Southeast Asian countries and empirically substantiates the relationship between CG and CSD across six countries undergoing such reforms in the region.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Differences in Overseas Buyers’ Perception on Korean Consumer Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Hye-Joo Song ◽  
Jung-Wan Hong ◽  
Yen-yoo You
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Quality Differentiation ◽  
Quality And Reliability ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Background/Objectives: This study is about the difference of perception among overseas buyers who are interested in Korean consumer goods. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether there is a difference in price, quality, differentiation (uniqueness), reliability, and post-consultation intention for buyers to purchase representative consumer products in Korea.Methods/Statistical analysis: For the research method, we surveyed 420 overseas buyers who participated in the SME Consumer Goods Product Purchasing Meeting held in Seoul in 2019. 660 valid surveys were collected from infant, cosmetic, fashion, food and household buyers in Southeast Asia, China, Japan and other regions (Europe, USA, CIS). With SPSS22.0, we analyzed exploratory factors and reliability of Korean buyers’ characteristics and overseas buyers’ evaluation criteria for Korean companies and products. And, ANOVA was used to examine the difference in buyers’ awareness of consumer goods and product characteristic.Findings: According to the analysis results, there is a difference in recognition of price and trading intentions for the product group (baby goods, cosmetics, fashion goods, food and household goods, etc.) regardless of the buyer’s region. Therefore, price correlates with buying decisions and it can be seen that price influences trading decisions. However, there is no difference in perception in quality, differentiation and reliability, and we can see that the quality of consumer products in Korea is generally well received and high in reliability. On the other hand, buyers from different regions showed differences in perception in price, quality, and reliability, but there were no perception differences in product differentiation or intention to trade. Therefore, although prices, quality, and reliability are evaluated differently, it can be seen that there is a high willingness to trade in acknowledgment of product differentiation or uniqueness.Improvements/Applications: In the future, it is hoped that the research will be conducted only for buyers in Southeast Asian countries, and through this, it will be possible to establish marketing strategies by analyzing buyer tendency of each country in Southeast Asian countries. In addition, we hope to analyze more specific marketing points through research linking buyers’ evaluations with the performance of domestic companies.

Comparison of In-the-Ear and Over-the-Ear Hearing Aid Fittings

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M. Risberg ◽  
Robyn M. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Hearing Aid Fitting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Functional Gain ◽  
The Relationship

A custom in-the-ear (ITE) hearing aid fitting was compared to two over-the-ear (OTE) hearing aid fittings for each of 9 subjects with mild to moderately severe hearing losses. Speech intelligibility via the three instruments was compared using the Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) test. The relationship between functional gain and coupler gain was compared for the ITE and the higher rated OTE instruments. The difference in input received at the microphone locations of the two types of hearing aids was measured for 10 different subjects and compared to the functional gain data. It was concluded that (a) for persons with mild to moderately severe hearing losses, appropriately adjusted custom ITE fittings typically yield speech intelligibility that is equal to the better OTE fitting identified in a comparative evaluation; and (b) gain prescriptions for ITE hearing aids should be adjusted to account for the high-frequency emphasis associated with in-the-concha microphone placement.

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