Barricadas: sobre uma imagem fotográfica de Augusto Malta

Por meio do exercício de leitura de uma imagem fotográfica da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, tomada por Augusto Malta em 1908, no contexto da Reforma Passos, buscou-se trabalhar a inscrição da fotografia na cultura histórica — não como ilustração de uma narrativa textual, mas como uma “chave de acesso” para recolocar questões ao fotógrafo a partir da tensão observada entre o que sua fotografia retrata e o que efetivamente “dá a ver”. A inequívoca materialidade da fotografia em oposição ao idealismo histórico construído pelo discurso oficial. Palavras-chave: cidade; fotografia; memória. Abstract By the exercise of reading a photographic image of the city of Rio de Janeiro, taken by Augusto Malta in 1908, in the context of the “Passos Urban Renovation”, we sought to work on the inscription of photography in historical culture — not as an illustration of a textual narrative, but as an “access key” to reposition questions to the photographer based on the tension between what his image portrays and what it effectively “allows to be seen”. The unequivocal materiality of photography as an opposition to the historical idealism constructed by official discourse. Keywords: city; photography; memory.

A RESEARCH ON THE USE OF OTTOMAN-ISLAMIC HERITAGE AS A CONSUMPTION OBJECT IN CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE

The Islamic heritage contains a rich cultural diversity with residential and public buildings such as traditional houses, mosques, palaces, and caravanserais that belong to the Ottoman Empire period. The character of the Islamic tradition is reflected in the environment-form-space organizations and construction techniques of these buildings. But today, the influence of the Islamic heritage has begun to be represented with the dominance of consumption-oriented culture and technology. The references taken from the architecture influenced by Islam are reduced to pure visuality and fashion. Especially, Ottoman architecture and its traditional elements become consumption objects that put visuality in the foreground in contemporary design practices. The Ottoman-Islamic heritage is referenced by imitating traditional buildings’ facades or copying structural elements. These new buildings produced with today’s technologies under the name of continuity of historical culture aim to fulfill the demands of the capitalist economy rather than conveying the essence of design. The study criticizes the transformation of Ottoman-Islamic architecture’s authenticity into “looking/pretending authentic” as a theme. In this context, this study discusses the Ottoman-Islamic heritage has become an object of consumption through a variety of examples that are located in Turkey such as hotels, shopping centers, residential buildings.

Mediating Andean Modernity: The Literary Oracular in Muerte por el tacto by Jaime Saenz

Upon his return from Berlin in 1939, Jaime Saenz started working in La Paz for intelligence agencies and public relations offices of Bolivia and the United States, which led to correspondent positions with Reuters and McGraw-Hill World News. His trajectory into Cold War Bolivian state nobility seemed all but guaranteed. However, on the brink of this breakout moment, he renounced his job —and professionalism altogether— committing himself to a life of literature and alcoholism as his marriage unraveled. In response to repeated interventions, he justified his every loss with a further indictment of the precautious, which was an outgrowth of his belief in the existence of a higher truth that was both accessible and impervious to analytical reason. In this article, I ask how Saenz’s poetry from the 1950s metabolized the rhetoric of indictment which it had inherited from the Tellurism of the Chaco generation. How might Muerte por el tacto (1957) be symptomatic of a broader aim of restoring to modern poetry its oracular legitimacy? On what grounds did Saenz indict precautious defenders of historical culture? And how did such an indictment mediate “national energy” (Tamayo) as it came into language through the nativist discourse of the land? Paying focal attention to regimes of revelation in Saenz’s early poetry and the historical conditions of its production, this article updates a discussion among Transatlanticists about the legitimization of irrationalism in 20th-century poetics and politics by assessing the socio-symbolic value of the oracular in the regionalist discourse of modernism.

中西田園詩比較：加爾西拉索•德•拉•維加與陶淵明詩作分析

<p>詩歌是人類歷史上最古老的文體，它幾乎與人類文明同步出現。然而，由於歷史文化和民族性格的差異，中西方的文學作品往往風格迥異。即使是同一文學體裁，中西方文學的風格也可能大相徑庭。本文將選取西班牙黃金時代代表詩人加爾西拉索．德．拉．維加和中國第一位山水田園派詩人陶淵明的部分作品加以分析對比。分析詩歌的表現手法和內容等方面的異同點。結合各自的社會環境和文化傳統，最終得出結論&mdash;&mdash;影響異同點產生的因素。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>The poetry is one of the oldest forms of literature. It was born almost simultaneously with human civilization. However, due to the differences in historical culture and national character, the style of the same literary genre may be different in China and in the West. This work will analyse and compare some works of Garcilaso de la Vega, a Spanish poet of the Golden Age with some poems of Tao Yuanming, the first Chinese poet of idyllic poetry. The similarities and differences in the expression and content of poetry will be analysed, combining their respective social contexts and cultural traditions. Finally, the conclusion will be reached: what are the factors that contribute to the similarities and differences.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

La storia assente: i limiti della Convenzione Europea del Paesaggio

The European Landscape Convention is an international treaty of great importance in the European institutional framework, but it contains a number of unclear and controversial points. This article investigates the relationship between the Convention and history, disclosing several critical aspects. In particular, it is worth mentioning that from the text of the Convention the term history/histoire is missing. The essay explores the reasons for this absence, in relation to a more general crisis of historical culture that affects the European nations. This crisis had already been foreseen by a number of authors, such as Jean-François Lyotard, Eric Hobsbawm, Claude Lévi-Strauss and François Hartog. In Italy, the most recent book by Adriano Prosperi (Un tempo senza storia, 2021) investigates the crisis of historical culture in contemporary societies, severely affecting schools and students’ educational programmes. The European Convention apparently shares this approach that constitutes a real threat to a proper knowledge of landscapes as repositories of collective memory and cultural heritage.

Research on the Symbiosis of Public Art and Urban Art

Public art and urban art are two independent and interdependent concepts. Public art is characterized by publicity, which refers to the unique artistic features displayed in the urban public domain. Urban art is relatively restrained and implicit, which refers to the historical culture accumulated in the historical development of the city. However, there is a certain commonality between them, which can influence each other, promote each other and develop each other, and have an important impact on contemporary urban development and urban construction. This paper mainly explores the symbiosis between public art and urban art, and further analyzes and explains the symbiotic forms between public art and urban art.

Of dragons and dinosaurs: How children’s toys and games create ideas of the past, of history and of fiction

This article outlines a trend in popular historical culture which has seen the increasing replacement of a concept of history that rests on some form of evidence base by visions of fictional pasts, or – to put it more precisely – by an ambiguous blend of the past and fictional pasts. Drawing on ethnographic research focused on the contents of Austrian children’s rooms, this paper explores traceable manifestations of history and historical fiction, particularly toy dragons and dinosaurs, in their properties as objects and as focuses of their owners’ interpretations as ascertained in interviews. The research finds little clear demarcation in the minds of the children interviewed (all between 8 and 12 years old) between imaginings and cognitive attempts to reconstruct the past. The article examines the influence of these factual–fictional representations on historical thinking from a history education perspective.

Adoption of Recommended Technologies by farmers in Coconut Crop

In India, coconut farming is inseparably embedded in the socio-historical culture as well as the ethnic identity. Coconut is also interlinked with socio- economic life of a large number of small and marginal farmers in peninsular India. Coconut is a source of food, beverage, medicine, natural fibre, fuel, wood and raw materials for units producing a variety of goods. It is estimated that about 12 million people in India are dependent on the coconut sector in areas of cultivation, processing and trading activities. Hence, The study was conducted in two blocks of Theni district (coconut), with a sample size of 40 respondents. The findings of the study revealed that the adoption of recommended technologies was found to be high in variety selection, fertilizer application, plant protection measures and low in seedling rate / hec, recommended spacing and weed management.