scholarly journals IN SILICO INVESTIGATION OF ECHINODERMATA SECONDARY METABOLITES AS HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1) REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
NURRAHMA NAZWIR ◽  
ARRY YANUAR ◽  
REZI RIADHI SYAHDI
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv 1

Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) targets the immune system and weakens immune surveillance and defenses against infections,leading to acute immunodeficiency syndrome. Recent trends in drug discovery from natural sources emphasize investigations of compounds frommarine ecosystems.Methods: In this study, we compiled a database of chemical compounds from echinoderms and virtually screened for those that inhibit HIV-1 reversetranscriptase (RT). The database was generated from literature searches. Virtual screening analyses for inhibitors of HIV-1 RT were then performedusing AutoDock software.Results: Based on screening results, the top thirteen ranked compounds were nobilisidenol B, Ech_005, 17-deoxyholothurinogenin,22,25-oxidoholothurinogenin, Ech_022, Ech_026, Ech_021, nobilisidenol A, Ech_025, 5α-cholest-8(14)-ene-3ß,7α-diol, astropecten A, Ech_004, andphrygiasterol.Conclusion: The present in silico screening analyses of compounds from marine ecosystems can be used to identify candidate compounds with highpotential as drugs for the treatment of refractory HIV infections.

scholarly journals Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated T-cell lymphoma: evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated T-cell transformation

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 1768-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
BG Herndier ◽  
BT Shiramizu ◽  
NE Jewett ◽  
KD Aldape ◽  
GR Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract The majority of lymphomas in the setting of acquired, iatrogenic, or congenital immunodeficiencies are B-cell lymphoproliferations. We describe a rare T-cell lymphoma in a fulminantly ill patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The T-cell nature of the process was defined genotypically (monoclonal T-cell receptor beta- chain [CT beta] rearrangement) and phenotypically (CD45RO+, CD4+, CD5+, CD25+, CD8-, CD3- and negative for a variety of B-cell and monocyte markers). The CD4+, CD25+ (interleukin-2 receptor [IL-2R]) phenotype with production of IL-2 and IL-2R RNA is analogous to human T- lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL); however, no HTLV-1 could be detected. Southern blot analysis did demonstrate monoclonally integrated HIV-1 within the tumor genome. Furthermore, the tumor cells were producing HIV p24 antigen as shown by immunohistochemistry. This is the first case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated non- Hodgkin's lymphoma in which HIV-1 infection may have played a central role in the lymphocyte transformation process.

scholarly journals Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated T-cell lymphoma: evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated T-cell transformation

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 1768-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
BG Herndier ◽  
BT Shiramizu ◽  
NE Jewett ◽  
KD Aldape ◽  
GR Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv 1

The majority of lymphomas in the setting of acquired, iatrogenic, or congenital immunodeficiencies are B-cell lymphoproliferations. We describe a rare T-cell lymphoma in a fulminantly ill patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The T-cell nature of the process was defined genotypically (monoclonal T-cell receptor beta- chain [CT beta] rearrangement) and phenotypically (CD45RO+, CD4+, CD5+, CD25+, CD8-, CD3- and negative for a variety of B-cell and monocyte markers). The CD4+, CD25+ (interleukin-2 receptor [IL-2R]) phenotype with production of IL-2 and IL-2R RNA is analogous to human T- lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL); however, no HTLV-1 could be detected. Southern blot analysis did demonstrate monoclonally integrated HIV-1 within the tumor genome. Furthermore, the tumor cells were producing HIV p24 antigen as shown by immunohistochemistry. This is the first case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated non- Hodgkin's lymphoma in which HIV-1 infection may have played a central role in the lymphocyte transformation process.

Unrecognized Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in a Cohort of Transfused Neonates: A Retrospective Investigation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-721
Author(s):  
Loren E. Lieb ◽  
Thomas M. Mundy ◽  
Dennis Goldfinger ◽  
Samuel H. Pepkowitz ◽  
Philip A. Brunell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv 1

Objective. To retrospectively identify unrecognized human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among a cohort of children transfused as neonates before donated blood was routinely screened for HIV-1 antibody. Methods. Records at a large, private, metropolitan hospital were reviewed to identify children who were transfused as neonates between January 1980 and March 1985 and discharged alive from the hospital. Multiple data sources were used to locate these children. Parents or guardians were contacted, and their children were offered HIV-1 antibody testing and physical examination. Results. Of the 775 children identified as having received transfusions during the project period, 644 (83%) were located, and 443 (69%) were evaluated for HIV-1 infection. Among those evaluated, 33 (7%) had antibody to HIV-1, including 14 whose infections had not been previously diagnosed. At the time of enrollment, 13 children infected with HIV-1 were asymptomatic an average of 63 months after transfusion. Conclusion. HIV-1 antibody testing should be considered for all children, regardless of clinical status, who were transfused before routine blood donor screening was implemented in March 1985, particularly in areas with a high incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome during those years.

scholarly journals Various plus unique: Viral protein U as a plurifunctional protein for HIV-1 replication

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 (8) ◽  
pp. 850-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Soper ◽  
Guillermo Juarez-Fernandez ◽  
Hirofumi Aso ◽  
Miyu Moriwaki ◽  
Eri Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Viral Protein ◽  
Viral Protein U ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv 1

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, encodes four accessory genes, one of which is viral protein U (Vpu). Recently, the study of Vpu has been of great interest. For instance, various cellular proteins are degraded (e.g. CD4) and down-modulated (e.g. tetherin) by Vpu. Vpu also antagonizes the function of tetherin and inhibits NF-κB. Moreover, Vpu is a viroporin forming ion channels and may represent a promising target for anti-HIV-1 drugs. In this review, we summarize the domains/residues that are responsible for Vpu’s functions, describe the current understanding of the role of Vpu in HIV-1-infected cells, and review the effect of Vpu on HIV-1 in replication and pathogenesis. Future investigations that simultaneously assess a combination of Vpu functions are required to clearly delineate the most important functions for viral replication. Impact statement Viral protein U (Vpu) is a unique protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and related lentiviruses, playing multiple roles in viral replication and pathogenesis. In this review, we briefly summarize the most up-to-date knowledge of HIV-1 Vpu.

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication byIn SilicoScreening Targeting Cyclin T1/Tat Interaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1323-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Hamasaki ◽  
Mika Okamoto ◽  
Masanori Baba
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Cyclin T1 ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Tar Rna ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACTHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription is essential for viral replication and the only step for viral genome amplification. Cyclin T1 (CycT1) interacts with HIV-1 Tat and transactivation-responsive (TAR) RNA, leading to the activation of viral transcription through the hyperphosphorylation of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Thus, the CycT1/Tat/TAR RNA interaction represents a novel target for inhibition of HIV-1 replication. In this study, we conductedin silicoscreening of compounds targeting the CycT1/Tat/TAR RNA complex and found that two structurally related compounds (C1 and C2) had high docking scores for a model of the complex. These compounds proved inhibitory to HIV-1 replication in tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated chronically infected cells. In addition, C3, a derivative of C1 and C2, was found to be a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication in chronically infected cells. C3 also inhibited HIV-1 replication in acutely infected cells. The compound could suppress Tat-mediated HIV-1 long terminal repeat-driven gene expression and phosphorylation of RNAPII through inhibition of Tat binding to CycT1. Furthermore, the docking pose of C3 was defined by analyses for itsin silicodocking energy andin vitroantiviral activity, which indicates that C3 interacts with Tat-binding amino acids of CycT1. Thus, a series of compounds described herein are novel inhibitors of HIV-1 transcription through inhibition of CycT1/Tat interaction.

scholarly journals Thermochemical, PASS, Molecular Docking, Drug-Likeness and In Silico ADMET Prediction of Cytidine Derivatives against HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Sarkar Mohammad Abe Kawsar ◽  
Mohammed Anowar Hosen ◽  
Tasneem Sultana Chowdhury ◽  
Kazi Masud Rana ◽  
Yuki Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
In Silico ◽  
In Silico Admet ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

In recent, millions of people are living with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is one of the main viral targets for HIV-1 inhibition. Pyrimidine nucleoside derivative, 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) is a highly active nucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT). In this work, hydroxyl (-OH) groups of cytidine structure were modified with different aliphatic and aromatic groups to get 5´-O-acyl- and 2´,3´-di-O-acyl derivatives and then employed for molecular modeling, molecular docking, biological prediction, and pharmacological studies. Herein, we relate the optimization of cytidine and its acylated analogues applying density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP/3-21G level theory to explore their thermochemical and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) properties. Prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) indicated promising antiviral, anti-carcinogenic, and antifungal functionality of these cytidine esters compared to the antibacterial activities. To support this observation, their cytotoxic prediction and molecular docking studies have been performed against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) (PDB: 3V4I). Most of the molecules studied out here could bind near the crucial catalytic binding site, Tyr181, Ile94, Ile382, Lys374, Val381, Val90, and Tyr34 of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), and the molecules were surrounded by other active site residues like Gln332, Trp406, Asn265, Gly93, His96, Pro95, and Thr165. Finally, these novel molecules were analyzed for their pharmacokinetic properties which expressed that the combination of in silico ADMET prediction, toxicity prediction, and drug-likeness had shown a promising result. The study discusses the performance of molecular docking to suggest the novel molecules active against resistance mutants of RT and/or recombinant strains of HIV-1.

scholarly journals Rapid Assay for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Group M, HIV-1 Group O, and HIV-2

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 3657-3661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana S. Vallari ◽  
Robert K. Hickman ◽  
John R. Hackett ◽  
Catherine A. Brennan ◽  
Vincent A. Varitek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Rapid Assay ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Hiv 1

A rapid immunodiagnostic test that detects and discriminates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections on the basis of viral type, HIV type 1 (HIV-1) group M, HIV-1 group O, or HIV-2, was developed. The rapid assay for the detection of HIV (HIV rapid assay) was designed as an instrument-free chromatographic immunoassay that detects immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to HIV. To assess the performance of the HIV rapid assay, 470 HIV-positive plasma samples were tested by PCR and/or Western blotting to confirm the genotype of the infecting virus. These samples were infected with strains that represented a wide variety of HIV strains including HIV-1 group M (subtypes A through G), HIV-1 group O, and HIV-2 (subtypes A and B). The results showed that the HIV genotype identity established by the rapid assay reliably (469 of 470 samples) correlates with the HIV genotype identity established by PCR or Western blotting. A total of 879 plasma samples were tested for IgG to HIV by a licensed enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (470 HIV-positive samples and 409 HIV-negative samples). When they were tested by the rapid assay, 469 samples were positive and 410 were negative (99.88% agreement). Twelve seroconversion panels were tested by both the rapid assay and a licensed EIA. For nine panels identical results were obtained by the two assays. For the remaining three panels, the rapid assay was positive one bleed later in comparison to the bleed at which the EIA was positive. One hundred three urine samples, including 93 urine samples from HIV-seropositive individuals and 10 urine samples from seronegative individuals, were tested by the rapid assay. Ninety-one of the ninety-three urine samples from HIV-seropositive individuals were found to be positive by the rapid assay. There were no false-positive results (98.05% agreement). Virus in all urine samples tested were typed as HIV-1 group M. These results suggest that a rapid assay based on the detection of IgG specific for selected transmembrane HIV antigens provides a simple and reliable test that is capable of distinguishing HIV infections on the basis of viral type.

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