Induced pluripotent stem cell technology: trends in molecular biology, from genetics to epigenetics

Epigenomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Maali ◽  
Faezeh Maroufi ◽  
Farzin Sadeghi ◽  
Amir Atashi ◽  
Reza Kouchaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Retroviral Vectors ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Reprogramming Factors ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, based on autologous cells’ reprogramming to the embryonic state, is a new approach in regenerative medicine. Current advances in iPSC technology have opened up new avenues for multiple applications, from basic research to clinical therapy. Thus, conducting iPSC trials have attracted increasing attention and requires an extensive understanding of the molecular basis of iPSCs. Since iPSC reprogramming is based on the methods inducing the expression of specific genes involved in pluripotency states, it can be concluded that iPSC reprogramming is strongly influenced by epigenetics. In this study, we reviewed the molecular basis of reprogramming, including the reprogramming factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC, NANOG, ESRRB, LIN28 as well as their regulatory networks), applied vectors (retroviral vectors, adenoviral vectors, Sendaiviral vectors, episomal plasmids, piggyBac, simple vectors, etc.) and epigenetic modifications (miRNAs, histones and DNA methylation states) to provide a comprehensive guide for reprogramming studies.

scholarly journals Bovine trophectoderm cells induced from bovine fibroblasts with induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 468-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil C. Talbot ◽  
Wendy O. Sparks ◽  
Caitlin E. Phillips ◽  
Alan D. Ealy ◽  
Anne M. Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Reprogramming ◽  
Trophectoderm Cells ◽  
Reprogramming Factors ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Baboon induced pluripotent stem cell generation by piggyBac transposition of reprogramming factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Rodriguez-Polo ◽  
Michael Stauske ◽  
Alexander Becker ◽  
Iris Bartels ◽  
Ralf Dressel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Cell Replacement ◽  
Ipsc Generation ◽  
Reprogramming Factors ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Abstract. Clinical application of regenerative therapies using embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells is within reach. Progress made during recent years has encouraged researchers to address remaining open questions in order to finally translate experimental cell replacement therapies into application in patients. To achieve this, studies in translationally relevant animal models are required to make the final step to the clinic. In this context, the baboon (Papio anubis) may represent a valuable nonhuman primate (NHP) model to test cell replacement therapies because of its close evolutionary relationship to humans and its large body size. In this study, we describe the reprogramming of adult baboon skin fibroblasts using the piggyBac transposon system. Via transposon-mediated overexpression of six reprogramming factors, we generated five baboon induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. The iPSC lines were characterized with respect to alkaline phosphatase activity, pluripotency factor expression analysis, teratoma formation potential, and karyotype. Furthermore, after initial cocultivation with mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we were able to adapt iPSC lines to feeder-free conditions. In conclusion, we established a robust and efficient protocol for iPSC generation from adult baboon fibroblasts.

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes exhibit temporal changes in phenotype

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (6) ◽  
pp. H913-H922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Y. Ivashchenko ◽  
Gordon C. Pipes ◽  
Irina M. Lozinskaya ◽  
Zuojun Lin ◽  
Xu Xiaoping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Calcium Cycling ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) have been recently derived and are used for basic research, cardiotoxicity assessment, and phenotypic screening. However, the hiPS-CM phenotype is dependent on their derivation, age, and culture conditions, and there is disagreement as to what constitutes a functional hiPS-CM. The aim of the present study is to characterize the temporal changes in hiPS-CM phenotype by examining five determinants of cardiomyocyte function: gene expression, ion channel functionality, calcium cycling, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to cardioactive compounds. Based on both gene expression and electrophysiological properties, at day 30 of differentiation, hiPS-CMs are immature cells that, with time in culture, progressively develop a more mature phenotype without signs of dedifferentiation. This phenotype is characterized by adult-like gene expression patterns, action potentials exhibiting ventricular atrial and nodal properties, coordinated calcium cycling and beating, suggesting the formation of a functional syncytium. Pharmacological responses to pathological (endothelin-1), physiological (IGF-1), and autonomic (isoproterenol) stimuli similar to those characteristic of isolated adult cardiac myocytes are present in maturing hiPS-CMs. In addition, thyroid hormone treatment of hiPS-CMs attenuated the fetal gene expression in favor of a more adult-like pattern. Overall, hiPS-CMs progressively acquire functionality when maintained in culture for a prolonged period of time. The description of this evolving phenotype helps to identify optimal use of hiPS-CMs for a range of research applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document