The prevalence of hepatitis B and C co-infections among people with HIV-1 in Bulgaria: 2010–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
Ivailo Alexiev ◽  
Elitsa Golkocheva-Markova ◽  
Asya Kostadinova ◽  
Reneta Dimitrova ◽  
Lora Nikolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Multiple Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Aids

Aim: To evaluate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individuals with HIV/AIDS in Bulgaria diagnosed between 2010 and 2015. Materials & methods: A total of 1158 individuals were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS during the study period. Different transmission groups were tested with ELISA and real-time PCR for HBV and HCV markers. Results: Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antiboby were found in 9.3 and 23.2% of the tested. HBV DNA and HCV RNA has been found in 47.4 and 69.6%. Hepatitis B and C co-infections were predominant in multiple risk behavior groups, including people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, prisoners and Roma individuals. Conclusion: HIV prevalence in Bulgaria is low but the rates of hepatitis B and C co-infections among these patients fall within the upper range reported in Europe.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Knowledge of Viral Hepatitis and HIV Among People Who Use Drugs Attending Methadone Therapy Clinic in Tanzania: A Cross-sectional Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semvua Kilonzo ◽  
Daniel W. Gunda ◽  
David C. Majinge ◽  
Hyasinta Jaka ◽  
Paulina M. Manyiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: Methadone therapy clinics have been recently introduced in Tanzania, aiming at reducing risk behaviors and infection rates of viral hepatitis and HIV among people who use drugs. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, associated factors and knowledge level of these conditions among people who use drugs attending a methadone clinic in Tanzania.Methods: We enrolled 253 People who using drugs receiving Methadone therapy. Clinical data was retrospectively collected from the medical records and face-to face interviews were conducted to determine the behavioral risk factors and respondents’ knowledge on viral hepatitis and HIV.Results: An overall seroprevalence of viral hepatitis (either hepatitis B surface antigen or anti-hepatitis C virus) was 6.3%, while that of hepatitis B virus mono infection was 3.5% and anti-hepatitis C virus mono infection was 3.5%. Seroprevalence of HIV was 12.6%. Viral hepatitis was strongly predicted by advanced age (>35 years) (p=0.02) and staying at Kirumba area (p=0.004), and HIV infection was predicted by increased age (>37 years) (p=0.04) and female sex (p<0.001). Regarding the knowledge of viral hepatitis, majority of the respondents were unaware of the transmission methods and availability of hepatitis B virus vaccines and only 17% were classified as well informed (provided ≥ 4 correct answers out of 7 questions). Good knowledge was highly predicted by higher education level of the individual (p=0.001).Conclusions: Despite the efforts to curb viral hepatitis and HIV infections through Methadone clinics, infection rates among people who use drugs are still high and the general knowledge on preventive measures is inadequate.

scholarly journals Effect of Multiple Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Hepatitis B Virus DNA and Hepatitis C Virus RNA Quantification as Measured with Branched-DNA Technology

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1683-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel Krajden ◽  
James M. Minor ◽  
Oretta Rifkin ◽  
Lorraine Comanor
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Rna Quantification ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Rna Levels

Quantification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA often is performed in specimens that have been frozen and thawed more than once. To ensure optimal therapeutic and prognostic value, it is important to establish whether viral load measurements are affected by repeated freeze-thaw (FT) cycles. We therefore evaluated the effect of multiple FT cycles on HBV DNA and HCV RNA quantification by testing serum specimens subjected to one (baseline), two, four, and eight FT cycles with the appropriate Chiron Quantiplex assay. Linear regression analysis showed minor increases of 1.7% per FT cycle for both HBV DNA and HCV RNA. The rise in HCV RNA levels was more pronounced among low-concentration samples, since further analysis revealed an increase of 3.2% per FT cycle among samples with 0.2 to 3.86 Meq of HCV RNA per ml. Given that the coefficient of variation for the Quantiplex assays is generally 10 to 15%, the minor increases in HBV DNA and HCV RNA levels with progressive FT cycles for the specimens tested were recognized only because analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant trend (P < 0.05). Due to the minor statistical trend, the clinical impact for individual patient specimens is likely to be limited, but it may deserve further study. In conclusion, the concentration of HBV DNA and HCV RNA in serum specimens subjected to up to eight short-term FT cycles was stable.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification of HIV-1 in the Presence of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Co-infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Sayan ◽  
Müge Özgüler ◽  
Figen Sarıgül Yıldırım ◽  
Taner Yıldırmak ◽  
Alper Gündüz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antibody in hepatitis B virus carriers.

Kanzo ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 511-516
Author(s):  
Kazuo NOTSUMATA ◽  
Tadao YAMAZAKI ◽  
Masayoshi ITO ◽  
Yukihiro SAKURAI ◽  
Satio TAKASU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Antibody ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Antibody

scholarly journals Research Progress on HIV/AIDS with Concomitant Hepatitis B Virus and/or Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Fuying Guo ◽  
Lingzhou Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) involve similar transmission routes, namely, blood, sexual contact, and mother-baby contact. Therefore, HIV infection is usually accompanied by HBV and HCV infections. This observation poses a great challenge to the prevention and treatment of HIV/human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) accompanied by HBV and HCV infection. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been extensively applied. Hence, liverrelated diseases have become the main causes of complication and death in HIV-infected individuals. This paper summarizes the current epidemiology, mutual influence, and treatment of HIV/AIDS accompanied by HBV or HCV infection.

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