scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Low-Cost Eye-Tracking Device

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Sohn, Yeung-Jun ◽  
Ho-Wan Kwak ◽  
Sangil, Lee
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals A Fast and Effective System for Analysis of Optokinetic Waveforms with a Low-Cost Eye Tracking Device

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Chong-Bin Tsai ◽  
Wei-Yu Hung ◽  
Wei-Yen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is an involuntary eye movement induced by motion of a large proportion of the visual field. It consists of a “slow phase (SP)” with eye movements in the same direction as the movement of the pattern and a “fast phase (FP)” with saccadic eye movements in the opposite direction. Study of OKN can reveal valuable information in ophthalmology, neurology and psychology. However, the current commercially available high-resolution and research-grade eye tracker is usually expensive. Methods & Results: We developed a novel fast and effective system combined with a low-cost eye tracking device to accurately quantitatively measure OKN eye movement. Conclusions: The experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves fast and promising results in comparisons with several traditional approaches.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Eye-tracking Methods for a Decision Support Application

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam Visweswaran ◽  
Andrew J King ◽  
Mohammadamin Tajgardoon ◽  
Luca Calzoni ◽  
Gilles Clermont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Electronic Medical Record Systems ◽  
Tracking Device

AbstractEye-tracking is used widely to investigate visual and cognitive processes in the context of electronic medical record systems. We investigated a novel application of eye tracking to collect training data for machine learning-based clinical decision support. Specifically, we recorded the information-seeking behavior of physicians while they used electronic medical records in the context of a specific clinical task. Using data captured by a low-cost eye tracking device, we evaluated the performance of several methods for processing gaze points that were recorded using the device. Our results support the use of a low-cost eye tracking device and relatively simple methods for processing gaze points to record the information-seeking behavior of physicians. The eye-tracking methods and scripts that we developed offer a first step in developing novel uses for eye-tracking for clinical decision support.Lay summaryIn the context of electronic medical record systems, eye-tracking is used extensively to explore visual and cognitive processes. We investigated a novel application of eye tracking to collect training data for machine learning-based clinical decision support. We developed and evaluated several methods for processing gaze points that were recorded using a low-cost eye tracking device. The eye-tracking methods and scripts that we developed offer a first step in developing novel uses for eye-tracking for clinical decision support.

scholarly journals A study on visual preference for social stimuli in typical Ecuadorian preschoolers as a contribution to the identification of autism risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Buffle ◽  
Thalia Cavadini ◽  
Andres Posada ◽  
Edouard Gentaz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Visual Preference ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Tracking Device

AbstractThe goal of this study was to examine the visual preference towards socially salient stimuli, using a low-cost eye-tracking device in a group of typically developing (TD) Ecuadorian preschoolers aged 11 to 60 months, from rural and urban areas, and from families with low to high socioeconomic status (SES). Series of original stimuli inspired by those used in Western experiments on the early detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were proposed in two eye-tracking tasks. Two types of movements (human vs. object) were presented in task 1, and dynamic speaking faces in task 2. Parental perceptions of the adaptability of the low-cost eye-tracking device used here were also investigated through a questionnaire. The analyses of mean fixation times showed a visual preference for human movements compared to moving objects whatever age, residency location or SES. In task 2, visual preference for the mouth’s area compared to the eyes’ area was observed in specific conditions, modulated by residency location and SES but not by age. The analyses of the parental perception indicated that the eye-tracking technique is well accepted. The findings suggest that these stimuli, along with the experimental procedure and low-cost eye-tracking device used in the present study may be a relevant tool that can be used in clinical settings as a contribution to the early identification of at-risk factors of ASD in low- and middle-income contexts.

Development and Validation of an Eco-Friendly and Low-Cost Method for the Quantification of Cefepime Hydrochloride in Powder for Injectable Solution Using Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-464
Author(s):  
Danilo F. Rodrigues ◽  
Hérida R.N. Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Potassium Bromide ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Injectable Formulation ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Lactam Ring ◽  
Development And Validation

Background: A simple, eco-friendly and low-cost Infrared (IR) method was developed and validated for the analysis of Cefepime Hydrochloride (CEF) in injectable formulation. Different from some other methods, which employ organic solvents in the analyses, this technique does not use these types of solvents, removing large impacts on the environment and risks to operators. Objective: This study aimed at developing and validating a green analytical method using IR spectroscopy for the determination of CEF in pharmaceutical preparations. Methods: The method was validated according to ICH guidelines and the quantification of CEF was performed in the spectral region absorbed at 1815-1745 cm-1 (stretching of the carbonyl group of β- lactam ring). Results: The validated method showed to be linear (r = 0.9999) in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 mg/pellet of potassium bromide, as well as for the parameters of selectivity, precision, accuracy, robustness and Limits of Detection (LOD) and Quantification (LOQ), being able to quantify the CEF in pharmaceutical preparations. The CEF content obtained by the IR method was 103.86%. Conclusion: Thus, the method developed may be an alternative in the quality control of CEF sample in lyophilized powder for injectable solution, as it presented important characteristics in the determination of the pharmaceutical products, with low analysis time and a decrease in the generation of toxic wastes to the environment.

scholarly journals The Recreational Trail of the El Caminito del Rey Natural Tourist Attraction, Spain: Determination of Hikers’ Flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1809
Author(s):  
Gemma María Gea-García ◽  
Carmelo Fernández-Vicente ◽  
Francisco J. Barón-López ◽  
Jesús Miranda-Páez
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Outdoor Activity ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Tracking Devices

Hiking is a very popular outdoor activity, and has led to an exponential increase in the number of visitors to natural spaces. The objective of this study was to analyze the circulation pattern of visitors to the Caminito del Rey trail, based on the three zones into which the trail can be divided. The sample consisted of 1582 hikers distributed into three different profiles. Of these, 126 utilized an eye-tracking device during the hike, while, for the rest (1456), only their travel speed along the trail was recorded. The use of eye tracking devices identified a greater number of interesting landscapes located in zones 1 and 3 of the trail, and it was observed that the mean travel speed was greater for zone 2 (42.31 m/min) (p < 0.01). Additionally, when the three different visitor profiles were analyzed, significant differences were found between the mean travel speeds according to sectors (p < 0.05). This information is crucial for more efficient management of the trail, as it allows for the development of measures to control and regulate the flow of visitors according to zone, and the design of additional strategies to increase the awareness of the hiker about specific areas of the hike.

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