scholarly journals Effects of an allostatic modulator on the behavior and blood indicators of young bulls after transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Salud Rubio Lozano ◽  
Rubén Danilo Méndez Medina ◽  
Karla Reyes Mayorga ◽  
María Elena Rubio García ◽  
Tania Manu Ngapo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Creatinine Kinase ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Transport Control ◽  
Biochemical Components ◽  
Cortisol Levels

An allostatic modulator (AM) composed of ascorbic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, sodium chloride and potassium chloride was dissolved in the drinking water of three groups of young bulls (n = 7) and administered to them for 7 d after 20.42 h of transport (Control (C) = 0 g/head/d, G2 = 30 g/head/d, G3 = 60 g/head/d). The effects of the AM on behavior and blood cellular and biochemical components were measured. G3 animals spent less time lying and more time standing than C animals (P = 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively), indicating less fatigue. G3 bulls presented a lower frequency of agonistic interactions than those in the G2 group (P = 0.001), suggesting a possible effect on aggression that warrants further evaluation. The AM affected creatinine kinase (CK) activity in the G2 group compared to the C group (P = 0.04), suggesting an effect of AM components that has not been previously reported. Cortisol levels remained unaffected by AM supplementation (P = 0.55). These preliminary findings suggest an effect of supplementing cattle with an AM after long-haul transport.

Relationship between food and water ingestion in the rabbit

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis J. Cizek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Water Ingestion ◽  
Ad Libitum

Studies of ad libitum food-water intake relationship were made on 146 rabbits over a period of 7 1/2 years. Fluid intake was considerable, averaging at least 200 cc/day. Though daily variations occurred, major deflections from this mean were rare. Six-month studies revealed a quantitative linear relationship between food and water intakes. This relationship was altered somewhat by age since both water and food intake continue to decrease with time, water at a slightly greater rate than food. When food was suddenly removed, male rabbits consistently displayed a syndrome of polydipsia and polyuria. Balance studies revealed a sodium chloride deficiency. This caused polydipsia because substituting saline for drinking water abolished enhanced drinking. Equimolar solutions of potassium chloride were without such an effect. Female rabbits showed variable responses to food deprivation, depending on age. When young, the response was polydipsic. Repeated food deprivations resulted in decreasing responses as the rabbit matured; as aging continued, the responses reverted back to a polydipsic phase. Castration of females abolished this cyclic response.

EFFICACY OF SALICYLIC AND ASCORBIC ACIDS TO REDUCE THE EFFECT OF TRANSPORT STRESS ON LIVE WEIGHT, SOME BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS AND INTESTINAL VILLI OF BROILER CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1081
Author(s):  
Al obaydy & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Villi ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Transport Stress ◽  
Financial Losses

This experiment was conducted and aimed to reducing mortality and losing the weight of birds transported to the slaughter house through reducing or Transport stress removal and thus to reduce financial losses. 150 birds used almost equal weights that were divided into three treatment groups and by five replicates for each treatment is control treatment (T1) without giving anything and treatment with salicylic acid concentration 1 g / liter of drinking water (T2) and treatment with ascorbic acid (T3) concentration 0.5 g / Liter of drinking water provided 24 hours before its transport. The transport process resulted in a highly significant decrease (P ≤ 0.01) in body weight in treatment T1 as it reached 4.66%, while it reached 1.68 and 1.09% in treatment T2 and T3, respectively. The transport process led to an increase in body temperature, H / L ratio, the concentration of glucose, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in the blood serum, as the transport process led to a very significant decrease (P ≤ 0.01) in the cholesterol concentration, Uric acid, intestinal villi length and crypts depth. T2 and T3 treatments showed their ability to reduce transport stress, especially T3, where they outperformed T1 in most traits. It is concluded from the study that adding ascorbic acid by 0.5 g / L drinking water 24 hours before transporting the chicks to the slaughter house reduces the transport stress and lessen financial losses, so it is recommended to use it.

Salt effect in hydrolysis of 3-acyl-1,3-diphenyltriazenes

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 3104-3109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ludwig ◽  
Oldřich Pytela ◽  
Miroslav Večeřa
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Salt Effect ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Potassium Sulphate ◽  
Lithium Sulphate ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Rate constants of non-catalyzed hydrolysis of 3-acetyl-1,3-diphenyltriazene (I) and 3-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-1,3-diphenyltriazene (II) have been measured in the presence of salts (ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, lithium chloride, sodium chloride and bromide, ammonium sulphate, potassium sulphate, lithium sulphate, sodium sulphate and zinc sulphate) within broad concentration ranges. Temperature dependence of the hydrolysis of the substrates studied has been measured in the presence of lithium sulphate within temperature range 20° to 55 °C. The results obtained have been interpreted by mechanisms of hydrolysis of the studied substances.

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