scholarly journals Radon as a natural radiotracer to investigate infiltration from surface water to nearby aquifers: a case study from the Barada riverbank, Syria

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-223
Author(s):  
Mohamed Al-Hilal
Keyword(s):  
La Red ◽  

El radón (222Rn) es un gas radiactivo inerte emanado constantemente de los suelos, rocas y aguas subterráneas, lo cual se debe a la desintegración alfa del radio (226Ra). La radiactividad, la inercia y la naturaleza gaseosa del radón lo convierten en un indicador ambiental significativo para el análisis de algunos problemas hidrogeológicos que implican interacciones entre las aguas superficiales y subterráneas. El objetivo principal del presente estudio es investigar la posible infiltración de las aguas superficiales del río Barada, ubicado en la cuenca de Damasco, a un acuífero adyacente, que incluye algunos pozos que son explotados para contribuir a la red de agua potable de la ciudad de Damasco. La técnica aplicada se basa en el principio de que, a medida que el agua del río de radón bajo fluye a través de la matriz del acuífero, absorbe continuamente el radón emanado de los sedimentos arcillosos del acuífero, alcanzándose el equilibrio entre la captación de radón y la desintegración radiactiva. La distribución de la variación espacial del radón en el agua subterránea se ha monitoreado en cuatro pozos preexistentes perforados en un sistema acuífero fluvial a lo largo del margen de la orilla del río Barada. Los resultados revelaron un claro crecimiento de la concentración de radón en tres o cuatro órdenes de magnitud, con lo cual se alcanzó un estado de equilibrio estable después de aproximadamente cuatro vidas medias. Con base en la ley estándar de radiactividad, se estimó el tiempo de residencia del agua del río infiltrado. Los datos hidroquímicos además de las investigaciones geológicas y las actividades de radón revelaron principalmente evidencias de infiltración del agua del río Barada al sistema de acuíferos cercano, el cual puede volverse vulnerable ante el riesgo de contaminación ambiental. Finalmente, los resultados también mostraron que el aumento de radón en el agua subterránea se correlaciona positivamente con la concentración de EC (R2 = 0.89) y, en menor medida, con los valores de TDS (R2 = 0.67). Esta asociación evidente probablemente se deba a la presencia de algo de materia orgánica y minerales arcillosos en los sedimentos de la matriz del acuífero.

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Cristina Roşu ◽  
◽  
Ioana Piştea ◽  
Carmen Roba ◽  
Mihaela Mihu ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2293
Author(s):  
Marina Amadori ◽  
Virginia Zamparelli ◽  
Giacomo De Carolis ◽  
Gianfranco Fornaro ◽  
Marco Toffolon ◽  
...  

The SAR Doppler frequencies are directly related to the motion of the scatterers in the illuminated area and have already been used in marine applications to monitor moving water surfaces. Here we investigate the possibility of retrieving surface water velocity from SAR Doppler analysis in medium-size lakes. ENVISAT images of the test site (Lake Garda) are processed and the Doppler Centroid Anomaly technique is adopted. The resulting surface velocity maps are compared with the outputs of a hydrodynamic model specifically validated for the case study. Thermal images from MODIS Terra are used in support of the modeling results. The surface velocity retrieved from SAR is found to overestimate the numerical results and the existence of a bias is investigated. In marine applications, such bias is traditionally removed through Geophysical Model Functions (GMFs) by ascribing it to a fully developed wind waves spectrum. We found that such an assumption is not supported in our case study, due to the small-scale variations of topography and wind. The role of wind intensity and duration on the results from SAR is evaluated, and the inclusion of lake bathymetry and the SAR backscatter gradient is recommended for the future development of GMFs suitable for lake environments.


Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 961-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Barbosa Veras ◽  
Anderson Luiz Ribeiro de Paiva ◽  
Marta Maria Menezes Bezerra Duarte ◽  
Daniela Carla Napoleão ◽  
Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira Cabral
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goedele Verreydt ◽  
Niels Van Putte ◽  
Timothy De Kleyn ◽  
Joris Cool ◽  
Bino Maiheu

<p>Groundwater dynamics play a crucial role in the spreading of a soil and groundwater contamination. However, there is still a big gap in the understanding of the groundwater flow dynamics. Heterogeneities and dynamics are often underestimated and therefore not taken into account. They are of crucial input for successful management and remediation measures. The bulk of the mass of mass often is transported through only a small layer or section within the aquifer and is in cases of seepage into surface water very dependent to rainfall and occurring tidal effects.</p><p> </p><p>This study contains the use of novel real-time iFLUX sensors to map the groundwater flow dynamics over time. The sensors provide real-time data on groundwater flow rate and flow direction. The sensor probes consist of multiple bidirectional flow sensors that are superimposed. The probes can be installed directly in the subsoil, riverbed or monitoring well. The measurement setup is unique as it can perform measurements every second, ideal to map rapid changing flow conditions. The measurement range is between 0,5 and 500 cm per day.</p><p> </p><p>We will present the measurement principles and technical aspects of the sensor, together with two case studies.</p><p> </p><p>The first case study comprises the installation of iFLUX sensors in 4 different monitoring wells in a chlorinated solvent plume to map on the one hand the flow patterns in the plume, and on the other hand the flow dynamics that are influenced by the nearby popular trees. The foreseen remediation concept here is phytoremediation. The sensors were installed for a period of in total 4 weeks. Measurement frequency was 5 minutes. The flow profiles and time series will be presented together with the determined mass fluxes.</p><p> </p><p>A second case study was performed on behalf of the remediation of a canal riverbed. Due to industrial production of tar and carbon black in the past, the soil and groundwater next to the small canal ‘De Lieve’ in Ghent, Belgium, got contaminated with aliphatic and (poly)aromatic hydrocarbons. The groundwater contaminants migrate to the canal, impact the surface water quality and cause an ecological risk. The seepage flow and mass fluxes of contaminants into the surface water were measured with the novel iFLUX streambed sensors, installed directly in the river sediment. A site conceptual model was drawn and dimensioned based on the sensor data. The remediation concept to tackle the inflowing pollution: a hydraulic conductive reactive mat on the riverbed that makes use of the natural draining function of the waterbody, the adsorption capacity of a natural or secondary adsorbent and a future habitat for micro-organisms that biodegrade contaminants. The reactive mats were successfully installed and based on the mass flux calculations a lifespan of at least 10 years is expected for the adsorption material.  </p>


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