scholarly journals Influence of an Electric Field on the Motion of Liquid Nitrogen and Bubbles in a Microgravity Environment.

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 534-539
Author(s):  
Yosuke SAKAI ◽  
Yoshiyuki SUDA ◽  
Kiyotaka MATSUURA ◽  
Norio HOMMA ◽  
Takeshi KIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Microgravity Environment

Bubble motion in liquid nitrogen under a non-uniform electric field in a microgravity environment

1997 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Suda ◽  
Kenji Mutoh ◽  
Yosuke Sakai ◽  
Kiyotaka Matsuura ◽  
Norio Homma
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Bubble Motion

Electric-Field Induced Formation of Superconducting Granular Balls

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (17n18) ◽  
pp. 2529-2535
Author(s):  
R. Tao ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
Y. C. Lan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Surface Charges

When a strong electric field is applied to a suspension of micron-sized high T c superconducting particles in liquid nitrogen, the particles quickly aggregate together to form millimeter-size balls. The balls are sturdy, surviving constant heavy collisions with the electrodes, while they hold over 106 particles each. The phenomenon is a result of interaction between Cooper pairs and the strong electric field. The strong electric field induces surface charges on the particle surface. When the applied electric field is strong enough, Cooper pairs near the surface are depleted, leading to a positive surface energy. The minimization of this surface energy leads to the aggregation of particles to form balls.

Measurement of Microwave Induced Forces

1992 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Watkins ◽  
H. W. Jackson ◽  
M. Barmatz
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Stable Equilibrium ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Stable Equilibrium Position ◽  
Infinite Set ◽  
Frequency Radiation ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTElectrically polarizable materials in an inhomogeneous electric field experience a dielectrophoretic force which is proportional to the gradient of the square of the electric field. For high frequency radiation, the time averaged electromagnetic field provides a dc force. The force exerted on a sapphire and a metal sphere by the microwave field in a single mode resonant cavity has been measured. The force measurements have been made at equally spaced points along three orthogonal axes centered in a cylindrical cavity operating in the TE111 mode using 20 watts of microwave power at about 4.84 GHz. These data are compared to the simple theory of dielectrophoresis on a small sphere and verify that, for this mode and in the absence of other forces, there is a unique and stable equilibrium position at the center of the cavity. Measurements of the quality factor of the cavity provide a means of making an absolute check to the theory. The TE111 mode is one of an infinite set of modes predicted to have stable equilibrium positions that exist away from the cavity walls. It is proposed that dielectrophoresis in a microwave resonant cavity can be used to position samples for material processing applications in a microgravity environment. Knowledge of these forces may also be important for interpreting thermogravimetric measurements made in a microwave oven.

Electric field effects on boiling heat transfer of liquid nitrogen

Cryogenics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 379-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wang ◽  
P.L. Lewin ◽  
D.J. Swaffield ◽  
G. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Boiling Heat Transfer ◽  
Electric Field Effects ◽  
Field Effects

scholarly journals Technology for thermostimulated diagnostics of anisotropy and optical axes of crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Timokhin ◽  
V. M. Garmash ◽  
V. A. Tedzhetov
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Sixth Order ◽  
Breakdown Field ◽  
Optical Axes ◽  
Polarization Temperature ◽  
Thermally Stimulated Depolarization

To implement the technology of thermally stimulated diagnostics of anisotropy and optical axes of crystals, the sample is thermostated at a temperature not exceeding the melting point, an electric field not exceeding the breakdown field is applied to the sample, polarization is produced for a time greater than the relaxation time at this temperature. After that, without disconnecting the electric field, cooling to the temperature of liquid nitrogen is performed, then the field is switched off, the sample is linearly heated to a temperature above the polarization temperature and the obtained thermally stimulated depolarization (TSD) spectra taken along and perpendicular to the optical axis of the sixth order C6 crystal are examined. When comparing the obtained spectra, the presence of anisotropy is determined, and the exact direction of the optical axes is determined by the magnitude and presence of the TSD maxima.

scholarly journals Behaviour of liquid nitrogen between electrodes in a microgravity environment

Cryogenics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Suda ◽  
M. Itoh ◽  
Y. Sakai ◽  
K. Matsuura ◽  
N. Honma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Microgravity Environment

Positronium formation in liquid nitrogen as a function of electric field

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. L373-L378 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Pepe ◽  
D A L Paul ◽  
J Deutsch ◽  
R Prieels
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Positronium Formation

scholarly journals Technology of thermally stimulated diagnostics of anisotropy and optical axes in crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Viktor M. Timokhin ◽  
Vladimir M. Garmash ◽  
Valentin A. Tedzhetov
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Breakdown Field ◽  
Optical Axes ◽  
Polarization Temperature ◽  
Thermally Stimulated Depolarization

For implementing the technology of thermally stimulated diagnostics of anisotropy and optical axes in crystals, the sample is thermostated at a temperature not exceeding the melting point, an electric field not exceeding the breakdown field is applied to the sample and polarization is produced for a time greater than the relaxation time at this temperature. After that, without switching off the electric field, the sample is cooled to the liquid nitrogen temperature, following which the field is switched off, the sample is linearly heated to a temperature above the polarization temperature and the resultant thermally stimulated depolarization (TSD) spectra taken along and perpendicular to the optical axis of the crystal are examined. When comparing the spectra the presence of anisotropy is detected and the direction of the optical axes is determined from the magnitude and presence of the TSD maxima.

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