scholarly journals Design of Natural Gas Pipeline

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 733-737
Author(s):  
Ashwini Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
End Users ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Underground Pipelines ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
City Gas

India today has an in depth network of underground pipelines used for the transportation and distribution of gas. Large factories, fertilizer factories and other industrial enterprises are the most consumers in PNG and today, however, with the rise in its popularity, it's currently utilized in the domestic sector similarly as a fuel within the automotive sector in large metropolitan cities. To bring gas to those end users within the boundaries of a significant city, it's necessary to create city gas distribution pipeline networks. India today has an intensive network of underground pipelines used for the transportation and distribution of fossil fuel. Large factories, fertilizer factories and other industrial enterprises are the most consumers in PNG and today, however, with the rise in its popularity, it's currently employed in the domestic sector additionally as a fuel within the automotive sector in large metropolitan cities. To bring gas to those end users within the boundaries of a significant city, it's necessary to create city gas distribution pipeline networks, these networks have already been founded within the cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Vadodara, Firozabad, Kanpur and plenty of more such networks are planned within the near future. Given the infrastructure and layout available in typical Indian cities, it becomes difficult to make such gas distribution networks without separate corridors for competing utilities. Reckoning on pressures, flow rates and economic criteria, these networks may be constructed with steel pipes, polyethylene (PE) pipes or a hybrid PE-steel pipe system. In contrast to borehole pipelines, which stretch for miles directly through open fields, the CGD network is more complex. These are located in densely populated areas, and an oversized number of network branches meet the wants of users in several locations in an exceedingly city. Although they're much smaller long and size than background pipelines, a city's network is far more dispersed and diverse. The rise within the number of branches means over the amount of sleeves, bends, reducers, fittings, etc. within the network, with the exception of the quantity of delivery points for the availability of fossil fuel. Due to the assorted activities of third parties other city agencies, the chance of injury and accidents is even on top of the substantial pipelines. of these factors require better security systems integrated into the network and therefore the need for special preparation to manage any emergency situation.

scholarly journals The economic effect of the implementation of the differential pressure in the gas distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04028
Author(s):  
Viktor Zhila ◽  
Aleksey Klochko
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Stage Scheme

This paper demonstrates the problem of calculating a rational piezometric pressure distribution graph in high-and medium-pressure gas distribution networks. These issues are particularly relevant in the design of gas distribution networks. In addition to the often used in practice design opportunities to reduce the cost of building gas distribution networks, rational choice of the optimal configuration of gas pipelines, which gives us the opportunity to get a large economic, as well as the effect of preserving the environment, it is also possible to use the pressure drop in the network. In total, with a rational choice of the scheme of organizing gas supply to consumers in localities, it is possible to get the maximum economic effect. It is important that modern equipment of this type allows to implement a single-stage scheme of gas distribution networks. Construction of natural gas pipelines we can use the available pressure drop in various technical solutions, but the reasonable distribution of the pressure drop between the network sections allows us to obtain a positive economic effect. The algorithm shown is proposed for use in the design of gas distribution networks of settlements of all types, and in the supply of natural gas to industrial enterprises.

scholarly journals Method of determining the optimal version of the piezometer of gas distribution networks of medium and high pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04027
Author(s):  
Viktor Zhila ◽  
Aleksey Klochko
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Stage Scheme ◽  
Long Time

The article deals with the issues of determining the optimal type of piezometric pressure graph in high-and medium-pressure gas pipelines in the design of gas distribution networks. Along with the most commonly used ways to reduce the cost of building gas distribution networks by finding the optimal configuration of gas pipelines, which give a great economic and environmental effect, it is necessary to rationally use the pressure drop provided to the network. This step in engineering practice allows you to additionally get money savings. The use of various schemes for supplying consumers with gas in cities and villages also has a great economic effect, but modern equipment allows you to make the transition to a single-stage scheme of gas distribution networks for cities. When designing gas distribution networks, the available pressure drop can be used by implementing various technical solutions, but the correct choice of pressures in the nodal points contributes to an economic effect. The designed configuration of the gas distribution network with the adopted type of piezometric graph can ensure reliable operation for a long time. The results obtained are recommended for use in the design of gas distribution networks of cities, other settlements and distribution networks of industrial enterprises

HVDC Interference on MGL Pipelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipul Sawant ◽  
Shraddha Garate
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Operating Personnel ◽  
External Interference ◽  
Interference Phenomenon ◽  
Steel Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Network ◽  
Technical Paper ◽  
Power Substation ◽  
City Gas

Abstract Mahanagar Gas is a City Gas Distribution Company engaged in the distribution of Natural Gas in and around Mumbai City. MGL has around 415 km of commissioned steel pipeline network which is being protected by ICCP. These pipelines are coated with three layer polyethylene coatings. Rectifying the external interferences on pipeline network is a major challenge for pipeline operating personnel in order to maintain safety and integrity of their pipeline. This technical paper is based on study of one of such external interference which posed a threat to MGL’s steel pipeline network. High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) is a system for transmission of electricity over long distances. This system uses Direct Current (DC) for bulk transmission of electricity in contrast with the more common Alternating Current (AC) systems. HVDC is considered to be more effective to increase power grid delivery capabilities. A part of MGL’s pipeline network is currently facing interference due to a HVDC power substation on the outskirts of Mumbai. This substation is being operated by State Government and is affecting around 145 kms of MGL’s steel pipeline network during its monopolar operation for transmission of electricity. This interference is creating multiple anodic and cathodic areas on pipeline network with the help of a high magnitude current entering and exiting from pipeline at multiple locations which are difficult to predict and rectify. This technical paper will elaborate the concept of HVDC interference on steel pipelines. It will give a brief overview on the methodology adopted for identifying, monitoring and analyzing this interference phenomenon and will comment on the results of this analysis. It will throw light on a variety of technical challenges faced in dealing with this interference while operating a city gas distribution network in particular. And finally, it will discuss about possible remedial measures available and their effectiveness to curb this interference.

SERVICEABILITY OF NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS AFTER EARTHQUAKES

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350005 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIAN PAOLO CIMELLARO ◽  
ALESSANDRO DE STEFANO ◽  
OMAR VILLA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Gas Network ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
Entire Network

The concept of disaster resilience has received considerable attention in recent years and it is increasingly used as an approach for understanding the dynamics of natural disaster systems. No models are available in literature to measure the performance of natural gas network, therefore, in this paper, a new performance index measuring functionality of gas distribution network have been proposed to evaluate the resilience index of the entire network. It can be used for any type of natural or manmade hazard which might lead to the disruption of the system. The gas distribution network of the municipalities of Introdacqua and Sulmona, two small towns in the center of Italy which were affected by 2009 earthquake have been used as case study. Together the pipeline network covers an area of 136 km2, with 3 M/R stations and 16 regulation groups. The software SynerGEE has been used to simulate different scenario events. The numerical results showed that, during emergency, to ensure an acceptable delivery service, it is crucial to guarantee the functionality of the medium pressure gas distribution network. Instead to improve resilience of the entire network the best retrofit strategy is to include emergency shutoff valves along the pipes.

scholarly journals An improvement of Hardy Cross method applied on looped spatial natural gas distribution networks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Brkic
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Gas Network ◽  
Hardy Cross ◽  
Successive Substitution ◽  
Newton Raphson ◽  
Looped Network

Hardy Cross method is common for calculation of loops-like gas distribution networks with known node gas consumptions. This method is given in two forms: original Hardy Cross method-successive substitution methods and improved-simultaneous solution method (Newton-Raphson group of methods). Problem of gas flow in looped network is nonlinear problem; i.e. relation between flow and pressure drop is not linear while relation between electric current and voltage is. Improvement of original method is done by introduction of influence of adjacent contours in Yacobian matrix which is used in calculation and which is in original method strictly diagonal with all zeros in non-diagonal terms. In that way necessary number of iteration in calculations is decreased. If during the design of gas network with loops is anticipated that some of conduits are crossing each other without connection, this sort of network became, so there has to be introduced corrections of third or higher order.

scholarly journals The use of "absolutely reliable cameras" in the supply of natural gas to agricultural facilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Aleksey Konstantinovich Klochko ◽  
Viktor Andreevich Zhila
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Reliability Index ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Reliability Indices

The paper considers the supply of agricultural facilities with natural gas. The methodology and algorithm for determining the reliability index of gas distribution networks are presented. The concept of “absolutely reliable camera” is disclosed. Reliability indices and technical and economic characteristics of various schemes and configurations of gas distribution networks are determined. The issue of the use of "absolutely reliable cameras" for agricultural facilities is considered.  

scholarly journals Numerical Monitoring of Natural Gas Distribution Discrepancy Using CFD Simulator

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim E. Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Identification Problem ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission ◽  
Minimum Discrepancy ◽  
Gas Supply

The paper describes a new method for numerical monitoring of discrepancies in natural gas supply to consumers, who receive gas from gas distribution loops. This method serves to resolve the vital problem of commercial natural gas accounting under the conditions of deficient field measurements of gas supply volumes. Numerical monitoring makes it possible to obtain computational estimates of actual gas deliveries over given time spans and to estimate their difference from corresponding values reported by gas consumers. Such estimation is performed using a computational fluid dynamics simulator of gas flows in the gas distribution system of interest. Numerical monitoring of the discrepancy is based on a statement and numerical solution of identification problem of a physically proved gas dynamics mode of natural gas transmission through specified gas distribution networks. The identified mode parameters should have a minimum discrepancy with field measurements of gas transport at specified reference points of the simulated pipeline network.

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