Human rGDF-11 Counteracts Age-Related Short-Term Memory Impairments in Middle-Aged Mice

In the field of neuroscience, cognitive memory is at the center of biomedical research. Prior works in cognitive memory all suggest and show that as people age their short term memory slows down and becomes less effective from an accuracy standpoint. This especially becomes apparent in age related memory impairments such as Alzheimer’s. Using musical stimulation this study was focused on finding out if music has an effect on a musician’s short term memory speed and overall accuracy in both auditory and visual memory. Visual and auditory memory are the primary ways in which music is memorized. Along with visual memory motor memory is also tested in musicians as they use muscles when playing an instrument (Chua, 2014). Thus, these two were combined with the aim of finding out if music has an effect on the entire short term memory system. The study focused on all ages ranging from fourteen to the age bracket of sixty and over. Each participant was given the same conditions under which the study was conducted. Using a T-chart analysis the data showed that overall the speed of memory is enhanced with musical stimulation; however, accuracy was statistically insignificant. To avoid the distraction of future participants they should be evaluated one at a time.Key Words: cognitive memory, auditory, visual, musicians, motor memory

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Memory impairments and its interaction with environmental factors in children aged 6 to 8 years living in gharb plain (N-w of Morocco)

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71974-5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 264-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F.-Z. Azzaoui ◽

H. Hami ◽

A.O.T. Ahami

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Building Materials ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Rural Children ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

North West ◽

Memory Impairments ◽

The North

IntroductionThe “Gharb” plain (area of our study) localized in the North-West of Morocco is one of the most important agricultural and industrial regions of the Kingdom. Unfortunately, it suffered from the increase of different polluting human activities which expose the population, especially children, to serious neurobehavioral problems.Objective and aimsEvaluation of the short term memory and working memory in urban, periurban and rural schooled children (aged 6 to 8 years) living in Gharb plain and studying the relationship between the performance in this test and the quality of environment.MethodsMemory Sub-test of WISC III (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and questionnaire about some environmental conditions.ResultsThe obtained results had shown that 3,64% periurban children and 3,03% rural children suffer from short memory impairments and no impairments in urban children were registered. For working memory, 21,05%, 47,06% and 66,67% of impairments were found in urban, periurban and rural children respectively.Moreover, a significant correlations between the performances of short term memory and building materials (p < 0.05), source of pollution near the school (p < 0.05), and consumption of well water (p < 0.001) were registered.ConclusionsThe memory impairments recorded in these children appeared in connection with environmental factors, but a deeper investigation is needed for studying all these factors, in addition to others (psychological, socio-economical, and nutritional) ones.

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Effects of age-related hearing loss on verbal processing and short-term memory

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ◽

10.1121/1.4933954 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 138 (3) ◽

pp. 1895-1895

Author(s):

Esther Janse ◽

Elise D. Bree

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Verbal Processing ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Related Hearing Loss

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Visual Short-Term Memory, Age, and Imaging Ability

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1978.46.2.571 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 571-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. K. Adamowicz

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Visual Masking ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Stimulus Complexity ◽

Verbal Intelligence ◽

Response Delay ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Visual Short Term Memory ◽

Age Related

Visual short-term memory of young and older adults was studied in relation to imaging ability. Both recall and recognition memory tasks were used and additional variables included stimulus complexity and response delay (recognition tasks) and stimulus complexity and visual masking (recall tasks). Young and older participants were matched on visual discrimination, verbal intelligence, and imaging ability. Stimuli consisted of abstract visual patterns. Age-related decrements in recognition and recall were observed but performance was related to imaging ability only with recall tasks and only for older adults. The results were discussed with reference to mediational strategies and locus of occurrence of age-related decrements in short-term memory.

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Interactive effects of age and gender on EEG power and coherence during a short-term memory task in middle-aged adults

Neurobiology of Aging ◽

10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.01.015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 127-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Silvia Erika Kober ◽

Johanna Louise Reichert ◽

Christa Neuper ◽

Guilherme Wood

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Memory Task ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Short Term ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Term Memory ◽

Eeg Power ◽

And Gender ◽

Middle Aged Adults

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Do elite breath-hold divers suffer from mild short-term memory impairments?

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2017-0245 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 247-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

François Billaut ◽

Patrice Gueit ◽

Sylvane Faure ◽

Guillaume Costalat ◽

Frédéric Lemaître

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Breath Hold ◽

Short Term ◽

Attentional Processing ◽

Term Memory ◽

Memory Impairments ◽

Neurocognitive Functions ◽

Neuropsychological Tasks ◽

The Impact

Repeated apneas are associated with severe hypoxemia that may ultimately lead to loss of consciousness in some breath-hold divers. Despite increasing number of practitioners, the relationship between apnea-induced hypoxia and neurocognitive functions is still poorly understood in the sport of free diving. To shed light onto this phenomenon, we examined the impact of long-term breath-hold diving training on attentional processing, short-term memory, and long-term mnesic and executive functions. Thirty-six men matched for age, height, and weight were separated into the following 3 groups: (i) 12 elite breath-hold divers (EBHD), mean static apnea best time 371 s, 105 months mean apnea experience; (ii) 12 novice breath-hold divers, mean best time 243 s, 8.75 months mean apnea experience; and (iii) 12 physical education students with no breath-hold diving experience; all of these participants performed varied written and computerized neuropsychological tasks. Compared with the 2 other groups, the EBHD group was slower to complete the interference card during a Stroop test (F[1,33] = 4.70, p < 0.05), and presented more errors on the interference card (F[1,33] = 2.96, p < 0.05) and a lower total interference score (F[1,33] = 5.64, p < 0.05). The time to complete the interference card test was positively correlated with maximal static apnea duration (r = 0.73, p < 0.05) and the number of years of breath-hold diving training (r = 0.79, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that breath-hold diving training over several years may cause mild, but persistent, short-term memory impairments.

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Comparison between the timing of the occurrence of taste sensitivity changes and short-term memory decline due to aging in SAMP1 mice

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0248673

Author(s):

Masataka Narukawa ◽

Suzuka Takahashi ◽

Aya Kamiyoshihara ◽

Kentaro Matsumiya ◽

Takumi Misaka

Keyword(s):

Spontaneous Alternation ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Taste Sensitivity ◽

Alternation Behavior ◽

Spontaneous Alternation Behavior ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Age Related ◽

Old Mice

Several studies have suggested that cognitive impairment affects taste sensitivity. However, the mechanism behind this is still unclear. In this study, we focused on short-term memory. Using senescence-accelerated mouse prone 1 (SAMP1) mice, we compared whether the effects of aging are observed earlier in taste sensitivity or short-term memory. We used 8-week-old mice as the young group, and 70- and 80-week-old mice as aged groups. Taste sensitivity was evaluated using a 48-hour two-bottle preference test, and short-term memory was evaluated using the Y-maze test. SAMP1 mice showed apparently changes in taste sensitivity at 70-weeks-old. However, the influence of aging on spontaneous alternation behavior, which is indicative of short-term memory alterations, was not observed in 70-week-old mice. At 80-weeks-old, the influence of aging was observed, and spontaneous alternation behavior was significantly decreased. This suggests that age-dependent changes in taste sensitivity occur prior to short-term memory function decline. In addition, there was no significant influence of aging on the mRNA expression of long-term potentiation-related genes in the hippocampus of 80-week-old mice. Therefore, the age-related decline of short-term memory may not affect taste sensitivity.

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Subjective memory impairment, instrumental activities of daily living and longitudinal effect on mortality among older adults in a population-based cohort study: The HUNT Study

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494819885234 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

pp. 825-831 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gro Gujord Tangen ◽

Ellen Melbye Langballe ◽

Bjørn Heine Strand

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Daily Living ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Population Based ◽

Short Term ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Term Memory ◽

Memory Impairments ◽

Instrumental Activities

Background: Subjective impairment in memory and instrumental activities in daily living (IADL) are associated with future cognitive decline and poorer mental health in older adults, but their association with mortality is uncertain. Our aim was to examine the associations between subjective memory and IADL impairments and all-cause mortality, as well as the mortality risk for reporting both memory and IADL impairments. Methods: Data from the 70-year-old and older cohort in the third survey of a population-based study, the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3), were linked to the Norwegian Causes of Death Registry. A total of 5802 older adults had complete data from HUNT3 (70.8% of the 70+ cohort). The mean follow-up time was 8.0 years, and 1870 respondents had died. Associations between subjective memory and ADL impairments with mortality were analysed in Cox regression models adjusted for covariates with attained age as the timescale. Analyses were performed separately for two age groups – 70–79 and 80+ years – to fulfil the proportional hazards assumption. Results: Subjective impairments in short-term memory and IADL were significantly associated with mortality both separately and combined. These associations were strongest in the 70- to 79-year-old group, where reporting impairment on one short-term memory item increased the mortality risk by 51% (hazard ratio=1.51; 95% confidence interval 1.20–1.91). Long-term memory impairments were not associated with mortality in the adjusted models. Conclusions: Subjective short-term memory impairments and IADL impairments are associated with increased mortality risk. Neither of these symptoms should be regarded as benign aspects of ageing, and concerns should be properly addressed.

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