scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of highly pathogenic viruses’ replication and their applications for a novel drug discovery

Uirusu ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Shuzo URATA
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses ◽  
Novel Drug

Thermal Taste and Anti-Aspiration Drugs: A Novel Drug Discovery Against Pneumonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 2755-2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Ebihara ◽  
Takae Ebihara ◽  
Peijun Gui ◽  
Ken Osaka ◽  
Yasunori Sumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Thermal Taste ◽  
Novel Drug

Epigenetics, Nutrition, Disease and Drug Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Lundstrom
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Novel Drug

Epigenetic mechanisms comprising of DNA methylation, histone modifications and gene silencing by RNA interference have been strongly linked to the development and progression of various diseases. These findings have triggered research on epigenetic functions and signal pathways as targets for novel drug discovery. Dietary intake has also presented significant influence on human health and disease development and nutritional modifications have proven important in prevention, but also the treatment of disease. Moreover, a strong link between nutrition and epigenetic changes has been established. Therefore, in attempts to develop novel safer and more efficacious drugs, both nutritional requirements and epigenetic mechanisms need to be addressed.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Cellular Infection and Therapeutic Opportunities: Lessons Learned from Ebola Virus

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Jordana Muñoz-Basagoiti ◽  
Daniel Perez-Zsolt ◽  
Jorge Carrillo ◽  
Julià Blanco ◽  
Bonaventura Clotet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Entry ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses ◽  
Cellular Machinery

Viruses rely on the cellular machinery to replicate and propagate within newly infected individuals. Thus, viral entry into the host cell sets up the stage for productive infection and disease progression. Different viruses exploit distinct cellular receptors for viral entry; however, numerous viral internalization mechanisms are shared by very diverse viral families. Such is the case of Ebola virus (EBOV), which belongs to the filoviridae family, and the recently emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. These two highly pathogenic viruses can exploit very similar endocytic routes to productively infect target cells. This convergence has sped up the experimental assessment of clinical therapies against SARS-CoV-2 previously found to be effective for EBOV, and facilitated their expedited clinical testing. Here we review how the viral entry processes and subsequent replication and egress strategies of EBOV and SARS-CoV-2 can overlap, and how our previous knowledge on antivirals, antibodies, and vaccines against EBOV has boosted the search for effective countermeasures against the new coronavirus. As preparedness is key to contain forthcoming pandemics, lessons learned over the years by combating life-threatening viruses should help us to quickly deploy effective tools against novel emerging viruses.

Antivirals with common targets against highly pathogenic viruses

Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 184 (6) ◽  
pp. 1604-1620
Author(s):  
Lu Lu ◽  
Shan Su ◽  
Haitao Yang ◽  
Shibo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses

scholarly journals Zebrafish Model in Ophthalmology to Study Disease Mechanism and Drug Discovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 716
Author(s):  
Yiwen Hong ◽  
Yan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Disease Mechanism ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Eye Disorders ◽  
Vertebrate Model ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Novel Drug

Visual impairment and blindness are common and seriously affect people’s work and quality of life in the world. Therefore, the effective therapies for eye diseases are of high priority. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an alternative vertebrate model as a useful tool for the mechanism elucidation and drug discovery of various eye disorders, such as cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, photoreceptor degeneration, etc. The genetic and embryonic accessibility of zebrafish in combination with a behavioral assessment of visual function has made it a very popular model in ophthalmology. Zebrafish has also been widely used in ocular drug discovery, such as the screening of new anti-angiogenic compounds or neuroprotective drugs, and the oculotoxicity test. In this review, we summarized the applications of zebrafish as the models of eye disorders to study disease mechanism and investigate novel drug treatments.

scholarly journals Genetic susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and its implications for novel drug discovery

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Yarwood ◽  
Steve Eyre ◽  
Jane Worthington
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Novel Drug

scholarly journals The virome of German bats: comparing virus discovery approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Kohl ◽  
Annika Brinkmann ◽  
Aleksandar Radonić ◽  
Piotr Wojtek Dabrowski ◽  
Kristin Mühldorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Virus Discovery ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses ◽  
Viral Sequences

AbstractBats are known to be reservoirs of several highly pathogenic viruses. Hence, the interest in bat virus discovery has been increasing rapidly over the last decade. So far, most studies have focused on a single type of virus detection method, either PCR, virus isolation or virome sequencing. Here we present a comprehensive approach in virus discovery, using all three discovery methods on samples from the same bats. By family-specific PCR screening we found sequences of paramyxoviruses, adenoviruses, herpesviruses and one coronavirus. By cell culture we isolated a novel bat adenovirus and bat orthoreovirus. Virome sequencing revealed viral sequences of ten different virus families and orders: three bat nairoviruses, three phenuiviruses, one orbivirus, one rotavirus, one orthoreovirus, one mononegavirus, five parvoviruses, seven picornaviruses, three retroviruses, one totivirus and two thymoviruses were discovered. Of all viruses identified by family-specific PCR in the original samples, none was found by metagenomic sequencing. Vice versa, none of the viruses found by the metagenomic virome approach was detected by family-specific PCRs targeting the same family. The discrepancy of detected viruses by different detection approaches suggests that a combined approach using different detection methods is necessary for virus discovery studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document