scholarly journals Gestão, uso e conservação de recursos naturais em comunidades rurais do Alto Jequitinhonha

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Magalhães Ribeiro ◽  
Flávia Maria Galizoni ◽  
Juliana Sena Calixto ◽  
Thiago De Paula Assis ◽  
Eduardo Barbosa Ayres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
State Legislation ◽  
Common Property Resources ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
Family Based

Este artigo analisa como lavradores de comunidades do Alto Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Sudeste do Brasil, regulam o acesso às dotações naturais para extrair alimentos e utensílios, conservar recursos e perpetuar sua descendência na terra. Essas comunidades dispõem de terras, recursos e bens, e instituem normas e sanções coletivas de regulação do acesso, que variam de uma para outra comunidade, são prescritas e obedecidas. Elas podem ser a base para programas de conservação de florestas, campos e águas, substituindo o interminável conflito que há entre as normas propostas pela legislação e agências públicas e as normas locais. Palavras-chave: agricultura familiar; ambiente; recursos comuns; cerrados; Minas Gerais. Abstract: The article analysis how rural workers communities at the High Jequitinhonha Valley, in the state of Minas Gerais, southern Brazil, regulate access to natural goods in order to extract food and make tools, conserve resources and reproduce their descendence on the land. These communities have establish norms and collective sanctions to regulate access to land, resources and goods. These norms vary from one another community, being enforced and obeyed. They can be the possible base for forest, open fields and water conservation programs, replacing the unfinished conflict between norms imposed by state legislation and local norms.Keywords: family-based agriculture; environment; common property resources; cerrados; Minas Gerais.

scholarly journals CONSEQUENCES OF LOSS OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES IN THE SELECTED BLOCK, DINDIGUL DISTRICT OF TAMILNADU

YMER Digital ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 758-768
Author(s):  
Dr. P Murugesan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Forest Department ◽  
Common Property Resources ◽  
Private Cost ◽  
Total Geographical Area

Common property land resources include grazing ground, community pasture, village forests and woodlots, and village sites, on which the villagers have legal usufructuary rights; these land resources also include all another land formally held by the panchayat or a community of the villages (NSS 54th round). For a collection of data of common land resources de jure and e facto approaches were considered. Forest land resources which are under the jurisdiction of the forest department was also considered as poor dependent rural communities are directly or indirectly dependent on the forest for livelihoods. From the report of NSS 54th round, it is observed that 15% of India’s total geographical area substantially forms a part of common land resources. Consequences of loss of common property resources and depletion of common property resources resulted largely because there was no private cost for using these resources. Privatization of common property resources in the arid zone has invariably meant the conversion of common property resources land into cropland.

scholarly journals Effects of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Soil Quality Indicators: The Case of Geshy Subcatchment, Gojeb River Catchment, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melku Dagnachew ◽  
Awdenegest Moges ◽  
Asfaw Kebede ◽  
Adane Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Volumetric Soil Water Content ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
The Status ◽  
Soil And Water

Land degradation is a global negative environmental process that causes the decline in the productivity of land resources’ capacity to perform their functions. Though soil and water conservation (SWC) technologies have been adopted in Geshy subcatchment, their effects on soil quality were limitedly studied. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects SWC measures on soil quality indicators in Geshy subcatchment, Gojeb River Catchment, Ethiopia. A total of 54 soil samples (two treatments–farmlands with and without SWC measures ∗ three slope classes ∗ three terrace positions ∗ three replications) were collected at a depth of 20 cm. Statistical differences in soil quality indicators were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) following the general linear model procedure of SPSS Version 20.0 for Windows. Means that exhibited significant differences were compared using Tukey’s honest significance difference at 5% probability level. The studied soils are characterized by low bulk density, slightly acidic with clay and clay loam texture. The results revealed that farmlands with SWC measures had significantly improved soil physical (silt and clay fractions, and volumetric soil water content (VSWC)) and chemical (pH, SOC, TN, C : N ratio, and Av. phosphorus) quality indicators as compared with farmlands without SWC measures. The significantly higher VSWC, clay, SOC, TN, C : N ratio, and Av. P at the bottom slope classes and terrace positions could be attributed to the erosion reduction and deposition effects of SWC measures. Generally, the status of the studied soils is low in SOC contents, TN, C : N ratio, and Av. P (deficient). Thus, integral use of both physical and biological SWC options and agronomic interventions would have paramount importance in improving soil quality for better agricultural production and productivity.

Rehabilitation in Tehri Dam: An evaluation

Social Change ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 110-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Sinha ◽  
H. C. Pokhriyal
Keyword(s):  
Common Property ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Common Property Resources ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Tehri Dam ◽  
High Level ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Ownership Rights

In the whole debate of ecological suitability of Tehri Dam, the rehabilitation aspect has been found ignored. Keeping in view of the significance of complete rehabilitation and resettlement of the oustees, the overall rehabilitation process including rural and urban population is analysed in the present paper. In total, 125 villages will be fully or partially submerged affecting more than one lakh population. More than twenty thousand urban populations will also be rehabilitated. It is expected that around 6000 cores of rupees (at 1993 price level) will be spent. Out of which 13% will be spent on the rehabilitation of the oustees. On the basis of the available information, it is found that only 33% of the rural families and 66% of the urban households have actually received the compensation or taken the possession of the land in the new sites. Non availability of land to the rest of the oustee households has been identified as the peculiar dimension of the rehabilitation process. The resettled households in Dehradun and Haridwar districts are facing the problem of geographic continuity, land owner shiprights and absence of institutional mechanism like panchayati raj institutions in the new settlements. The absence of non-farm employment and non-accessibility to the common property resources are the critical problems, including the availability of drinking water, irrigation, primary health and education, which can be observed seen in the rehabilitation sites. The resettlers are unable to adjust with the new environment including a high level of dependency on the market forces for each and every requirement. The partially submerged population is also facing peculiar problems. They will only be given cash compensation without any other compensatory measures. The ‘upstream cost and down stream benefits syndrome’ is strikingly visible in the rehabilitation process. In the urban resettlement process various issues Iike-the validity of survey, classification of urban households and cut off dates are relevant to mention. The positive externalities of the old Tehri town were completely missing in the new urban rehabilitation site. As a whole it can be tentatively said that the process of rehabilitation has been loosely coordinated and badly implemented. The issues of upstream cost, accessibility to common property resources and customary rights are the neglected aspects in the process. The re-organisation of the institutional frame work and granting land ownership rights to the resettlers and quality of the basic amenities are the other inevitable requirements need proper assessment and implementation. The present process of rehabilitation is largely non-participatory and non transparent, which can only be solved through radical measures. These measures are unlikely to be initiated in the present set of Tehri dam administration.

scholarly journals Role of Institutions and Organizations for the Sustainable Management of Forest and Pasture as Common Property Resources in Nepal: An Overview of the Indigenous and Traditional Practices

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 31-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laya Prasad Uprety
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Common Property Resources

This is an overview paper based on the contemporary literature available in the regime of forest and pasture as common property resources. The analysis has underscored the role of local institutions and organizations for the sustainable management of forest and pasture as common property resources. The paper concludes that farmers of Nepal have developed and used the organizational and institutional mechanisms for the sustained management of these resources by ensuring social equity. Understanding the ingredients of indigenous resource management systems can have a bearing on developing appropriate national policies aiming at ensuring the sustainability of the future programs of Nepal.Key Words: Institution, organization, indigenous, traditional, common property, sustainable, social equity, participation, etc.DOI = 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1357Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 pp.31-64

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