The Five-Factor Perceived Shared Mental Model Scale: A Consolidation of Items Across the Contemporary Literature

Literature on Shared Mental Models (SMMs) has been burgeoning in recent years and this has provided increasingly detailed insight and evidence into the importance of SMMs within specific contexts. However, because past research predominantly focused on SMM structure as measured by diverse, context-dependent measures, a consolidated multi-dimensional measure of perceived SMMs that can be used across diverse team contexts is currently lacking. Furthermore, different conceptualizations of the dimensionality of SMMs exist, which further impedes the comparison between studies. These key limitations might hinder future development in the SMM literature. We argue that the field of SMMs has now matured enough that it is possible to take a deductive approach and evaluate the prior studies in order to refine the key SMMs dimensions, operationalizations, and measurement. Hence, we take a three-stage approach to consolidate existing literature scale-based measures of SMMs, using four samples. Ultimately, this leads to a 20-item five-dimensional scale (i.e., equipment, execution, interaction, composition, and temporal SMMs) – the Five Factor Perceived Shared Mental Model Scale (5-PSMMS). Our scale provides scholars with a tool which enables the measurement, and comparison, of SMMs across diverse team contexts. It offers practitioners the option to more straightforwardly assess perceived SMMs in their teams, allowing the identification of challenges in their teams and facilitating the design of appropriate interventions.

Representations of Immigration in Third World countries: a comparative study between ‘Dave’ in The Arrangers of Marriage by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and ‘Nazneen’ in Monica Ali’s Brick Lane

Generally speaking, third-world literary scholars have been seen as representative tools for their societies. The current article aims to look at postmodern African and Asian societies. Thus, these two literary works “The Arrangers of Marriage” by the African novelist Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and “Brick Lane” by Monica Ali belong to third world Contemporary Literature. Dave who is a Nigerian figure when he went to the United States, he leaves his traditions, besides, Nazneen, who stands against her tradition too to formulate a new identity. This article examines the effects of Immigration on third-world characters. Also, the focus on major concepts such as identity. Both authors are involved in what we call living in Diaspora. This article is a comparative study between the two works of two marginalized writers of a Nigerian and Bangladeshi identity, especially as the continent gradually becomes part of the postmodern and globalized world.

Performance

The current examination of Covid-related issues is important because the pandemic grew so fast that it outpaced current research and literature. To date, according to the literature examined herein, there is a shortage of studies about telework. Also, existing studies have not yet gone far enough to consider the enormous contribution and involvement of supervisors and leaders as they relate to telework. Contemporary literature has primarily compared and contrasted teleworking and non-teleworking employees. As we focus on supervisors and leaders, we must evaluate key requirements of the value of performance in the conversation. This will lead to mitigation strategies and shared understanding that are vital to improving performance. As the authors conduct this evaluation, there will be lots of information about how leaders can help members. They will also understand how to take advantage of the benefits of teleworking. They will also highlight situations where leaders may be reluctant to use telework, understand the reasons for reluctance, and begin the discussion to improve acceptance of telework.

Metaphors and Methods

It is widely understood that the development of a teacher identity for individuals transitioning into teaching is important, and therefore substantial research has been produced looking at teacher identity development. Much of this research is conducted using the possible selves theory as its framework. Nevertheless, with the self and identity being widely interpreted concepts with no consentaneous definition, researchers lean on metaphorical language at times to semantically represent the meaning of the future selves. This chapter reviews contemporary literature, discussing how different metaphors used to talk about the self, influence the methodological choices made within the study. Different types of metaphors used led to a heavier emphasis on either the integrative, temporal, or dynamic nature of the possible selves theory.

TEORI ADAT DALAM QOWAID FIQHIYAH DAN PENERAPANYA DALAM HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM

One of the five major fiqhiyah rules that has a broad scope of discussion branches is Al-'adah muhakkamah. This rule is built on the basis of adat and local wisdom that exists in every community, where this custom is continuously carried out by the community without any denial of them. In fact, individuals who violate these customs will be considered as foreigners. Therefore, Islam makes the customs of the community as a legal basis as long as it fulfills the requirements set by the Shari'a. This paper aims to examine the rules of fiqhiyah "al-'âdat muhakkamah" in general and its implementation in the field of the Islamic family. This type of research is qualitative which relies on the analysis of data obtained from classical and contemporary literature. The results of the study suggest that al-'adah is something that occurs repeatedly which is accepted by common sense and human nature. The theory can also be a judge or legal determinant as long as it does not conflict with the Shari'a or does not go out of the way of maqosid sharia. The rule of al-'Adah muhakkamah can also be implemented as a judge in the field of Islamic family law both classical and contemporary. Abstrak Salah satu dari lima kaidah fiqhiyah besar yang memiliki cakupan cabang pembahasan yang luas adalah Al-‘adah muhakkamah. Kaidah ini dibangun atas landasan adat dan kearifan lokal yang ada pada setiap komunitas masyarakat, dimana adat ini secara kontinu dilakukan oleh masyarakat tanpa adanya pengingkaran dari mereka. Bahkan justru individu-individu yang menyelisihi adat tersebut akan dianggap sebagai orang asing. Oleh sebab itu, Islam menjadikan adat komunitas masyarakat sebagai landasan hukum selama memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan yang ditetapkan oleh syariat. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kaidah fiqhiyah “al-‘âdat muhakkamah” secara umum serta implementasinya dalam bidang keluarga Islam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang bertumpu pada analisis data yang diperoleh dari literatur-literatur klasik dan kontemporer. Hasil penelitian mengemukakan bahwa al-‘adah merupakan sesuatu yang terjadi secara berulang-ulang yang diterima oleh akal sehat dan fitrah manusia. Teori juga dapat menjadi hakim atau penentu hukum selama tidak bertentangan dengan syariat atau tidak keluar dari jalur maqosid syariah. Kaidah al-‘Adah muhakkamah juga dapat di implementasikan sebagai hakim dalam bidang hukum keluarga Islam baik klasik maupun kontemporer.

A plea for responsible and inclusive knowledge management at the world level

Purpose This essay aims to draw attention to the idea of a new research approach to knowledge management (KM) labelled responsible KM (rKM) as a possible answer to not only address the consequences of the pandemic but also other present and upcoming societal challenges. Design/methodology/approach This essay has been prepared by a KM researcher who shares their own personal views and opinion regarding past and current societal developments and based on that offers a potentially new KM direction. Findings Switching the focus to rKM may help address current and upcoming social challenges that can only be addressed jointly by the global community and which would also involve a new consideration of the “knowledge” resource. Originality/value The essay proposes a new alternative approach to KM called rKM that is based on ideas that to the author’s knowledge have not been discussed in this way in the contemporary literature on KM.

مستخلص الخنزير لصناعة الأدوية الكبسولة: الاستحالة في ضوء مقاصد الشريعة

Bringing benefit and repelling harm is one of the main objectives embedded in the divine law of Shariah. The law of Shariah came in its entirety for the preservation of fundamental principles of Allah on the creation such as the five maqāsid al-shari‘ah principles. Since the dawn of the scientific revolution, genetic engineering has triggered several debates at different levels among the stakeholders. Clearly, there are opinions between the process of transformation and mere transmutation of the substance, some of which are subject to consensus and some differs. This study aims to analyze the juristic implication of the permissibility of using gelatin extracted from pig parts in the pharmaceutical industry. The study adopted the inductive approach to collect the information recorded in contemporary literature in this regard and then followed by a comparative analytical study to highlight the agreed and disagreed facts between Shariah sources and other sciences. The most important note is that in the event of a choice, consuming foods and drinks containing pork gelatin is not permissible. By the same analogy, the capsulated medicines cannot be taken, and this study is purely for the case when it is necessary and there is no alternative.

Fryderyk Chopin w literaturze francuskiej: od figury romantycznej do ikony popkultury

The reception of Chopin and his music in French literature follows the rhythm of the changes in the European intellectual and aesthetic climates. George Sand recorded in her memoirs the image of a romantic genius par excellence, a dark, torn and complicated soul. The decadent and symbolist poetry, best exemplified by Maurice Rollinat, presents a portrait ofa blood-spitting neurasthenic, a soulmate of the poet. Marcel Proust paints the image of an elegant dandy and exquisite artist, while the first part of the twentieth century is dominated by the neoromantic vision of Chopin as a great Polish patriot; this theme is perfectly illustrated by the poems of Anna de Noailles and Edmond Rostand. André Gide presents a radicallynew view of Chopin’s music, seeing the Polish composer as a neoclassicist pianist. Contemporary literature and art go on to dress Chopin in jeans, eagerly turning him into a mass culture hero.

Nauczyć umierania. Tanatopedagogika na lekcjach języka polskiego w liceum na przykładzie literatury najnowszej

The aim of this article is to present a didactic proposition on the introduction of thanatopedagogical themes in Polish language lessons in high school while discussing contemporary literature. The first part of the work presents the most important elements of thanatopedagogy as a science in the context of literary studies. The history of the concept is described in the context of changes in the cultural understanding of death, and the way of presenting the final things in the literature of children and adolescents — from didactic to personalistic — is discussed. In the following subsections, two texts from the latest Polish literature are interpreted: The Things I Didn’t Throw Out by Marcin Wicha and Mira Marcin’s Bezmatek. Proposals are made for using these works to introduce elements of reflection on the finality of things to Polish lessons (the subject of mourning, anthropology of death and dying, the language used for speaking about passing away). The text ends with a summary of the most crucial research conclusions: about the important role of recent literature in conversations on ultimate topics, the need for thanatopedagogical education for teachers, and the need for large psychological competences to conduct such conversations.

The “Cultural Archipelago” of Urban Representation in Contemporary Brazilian Novels

The dialectic of localism and cosmopolitanism, with the opposition between nationalists and cosmopolitans, since independence and perhaps even before, is an element that structured the spiritual life and the literature of a country such as Brazil, as it was pointed out by Antonio Candido. This dialectic in a globalized country which had been transformed by an extremely rapid urbanization, nowadays is perhaps stronger than ever. That could be seen in contemporary literature, on the level of the imaginary but also on the level of the representation of cities such as Manaus in the north of the country (Relato de um certo Oriente, by Milton Hatoum), Recife in the northeast (Estive lá fora, by Ronaldo Correia de Brito), or Brasilia in the central west (Cidade Livre, by João Almino). Through these three novels, this essay aims to analyze how a few years after the end of the dictatorship, at a time marked by important changes in Brazilian society, the fiction grasps the articulation between local specificities and the “globalized” city. To that extent, the reading of many urban contemporary fictions will build a kind of mosaic of Brazil and its cultural varieties, through the prism of the city.