scholarly journals Identification of Physiological Race Nematode, Radopholus similisCobb. that Attack Coffee Trees

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Hulupi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
Physiological Race ◽  
Burrowing Nematode ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Citrus Nematode ◽  
Screen House

Physiological races of Radopholus similis Cobb., the burrowing nematode that attack coffee trees have never been reported yet, while two physiological races have been identified, i.e. banana and citrus races. Banana and citrus are commonly used as the shading trees or crop diversification in coffee plantation. Therefore, both races have to be analyzed whether the same as the race that attacking the coffee plants. Research to investigate the physiological race of R. similis Cobb. had been conducted in the screen house at Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete design with three replications, while cross inoculation tests were used as race identification method, by using three isolates from banana, citrus and Arabica coffee as the control. Tested host plants were banana Cavendish, ‘Ambon Kuning’ and ‘Raja’ varieties, rootstock of citrus Siam from Kintamani and Arabica coffee Kartika 1 variety. The expression of virulence of three nematode isolates against banana, citrus or arabica coffee tested to be considered as favorable host, while the most virulent isolate attacked coffee could be decided as physiological race of coffee. Results showed that banana isolate penetrated and attacked the roos of arabica coffee. The isolate of R. similis from citrus could not attack both coffee and banana varieties. Therefore, the physiological race of coffee was considered similar with the banana race. It was possible that the physiological race was specific race but it could attacke banana as other favorable host, however, it could not be proven in this results. Based on this results, the use of Musa sp.as intercrop or shade tree in coffee plantation has more risk to nematode attack than that of Citrus sp. Key words: physiological race, Radopholus similis, coffee, banana, citrus, nematode.

scholarly journals Distribution of Radopholus similisand Pratylenchus CoffeaeNematodes in Coffee Plantation

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Hulupi ◽  
Mulyadi . ◽  
Bekti Andayani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Type B ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Climate Type ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Pratylenchus Coffeae ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Type D ◽  
The Difference

A research to evaluate the difference of damage levels caused by two species nematodes, Radopholus similis and Pratylenchus coffeae on Arabica and Robusta coffee which were planted in the same endemic area have been conducted at Kalibendo (700 m asl. climate type B) and Blawan coffee estate (1200 m asl., climate type D) for two years. The results showed that in the medium highland (700 m asl.) R. similis attacked Arabica coffee with necrotic root scale higher than surface Robusta coffee. Distribution of R. similis population in the 50 cm depth below soil surface was likely with their root distribution. On the other hand P. coffeae in 30 cm depth below soil therefore their resistance to R. similis was more likely due to the escape reason, as result of their different distribution population of those species in different depth. Key words : Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae, Arabica coffee, Robusta coffee, distribution population.

Attraction and penetration of Musa by the burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, in an autotrophic bipartite culture system

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Suganthagunthalam Dhakshinamoorthy ◽  
Erwin J. Galon ◽  
Annemie Elsen ◽  
Dirk De Waele
Keyword(s):  
Culture System ◽  
Model System ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Susceptible Plant ◽  
Compartment System ◽  
Female Migration ◽  
Equal Distance ◽  
Burrowing Nematode ◽  
Nematode Chemotaxis

Summary Our objective was to discover the stages (pre- or post-infection) in which the resistance to burrowing nematode (Radopholus similis) occurs in two resistant banana (Musa spp.) cultivars. An autotrophic in vitro culture system was used to compare R. similis migration towards, and penetration into, the banana roots. A new two-compartment autotrophic in vitro model system was developed using agar-based medium to examine the migration of R. similis to either the susceptible ‘Grande Naine’ or the resistant ‘Yangambi km5’ (‘Ykm5’), when both the Musa genotypes were present at equal distance. The autotrophic in vitro model system was advantageous, because it supported continuous root growth due to the actively photosynthesising shoots growing in the open air, while the in vitro root conditions make it possible to observe and assess the nematode chemotaxis in the transparent medium. Significantly fewer nematodes migrated towards the resistant ‘Ykm5’ plants when compared to both the susceptible ‘Grande Naine’, and another resistant cultivar, ‘Saba’, at 1 h after infection. This signals a possibility of a lower concentration or different composition of nematode attractants in ‘Ykm5’ root exudates. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of R. similis that migrated towards the roots of the susceptible and resistant banana plants at 3, 4 and 6 h after inoculation. No significant differences were observed in the percentages of female penetration in the resistant and susceptible plant roots at 1 and 2 days after inoculation. The results of the two-compartment system confirmed that when a choice is given to migrate towards the resistant and susceptible genotypes, no differences were observed in the percentage of female migration towards both the genotypes.

Reproduction of the burrowing nematode (Radopholus similis) on Ri T-DNA transformed carrot roots

Nematology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemie Elsen ◽  
Stéphane Declerck ◽  
Dirk De Waele
Keyword(s):  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Burrowing Nematode ◽  
Transformed Carrot Roots

scholarly journals A Draft Genome Sequence of the Burrowing Nematode Radopholus similis

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reny Mathew ◽  
Mark Burke ◽  
Charles H. Opperman
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Burrowing Nematode

scholarly journals Kajian Kesesuaian Lahan Perkebunan Kopi Rakyat Kawasan Lereng Gunung Arjuna Kabupaten Malang

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Dimas Prakoswo Widayani ◽  
Kresna Shifa Usodri
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Data ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Land Suitability Analysis ◽  
Coffee Plants

Mount Arjuna is a mountainous area with forests and several cultivated plants located in Malang Regency, East Java. The forest is a complex area that is used as a protected area, research and production forest for agricultural commodities. The complex is located in the forest resulted in highly varied environmental conditions. The forest consists of several areas, namely protected forest, production forest, coffee plantation, and seasonal plantations. The Arjuna mountain area has several stands including pine and mahogany, but most of it is filled with pines by 90% and mahogany trees around 10%. Most of the coffee plants found in the Arjuna mountain forest area are Arabica coffee, while the rest is robusta coffee. This research was conducted on the slopes of Mount Arjuna, located in Sumbersari Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency, East Java. This research was conducted from July to October 2017. This research employed a survey method by taking several sample points that represent the coffee plants in the area. Several sampling plots for land suitability analysis were identified in the area: The observation stages were carried out by taking air temperature data using a thermohygrometer by taking the minimum and maximum temperature data, taking air humidity using a thermohigrometer as well as minimum and maximum data and light intensity data using lux meters, taking soil samples to measure nutrients and soil fertility, and measuring the height and slope of the land. The results of the observations that have been made will be analyzed using the land suitability analysis method, by adjusting the area's data with the land suitability level for robusta and arabica coffee plants.Gunung Arjuna merupakan kawasan pegunungan dengan hutan serta beberapa tanaman budidaya yang terletak di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Hutan tersebut merupakan kawasan kompleks yang dimanfaatkan sebagai kawasan lindung, riset dan juga hutan produksi untuk komoditas pertanian. Kondisi hutan yang kompleks mengakibatkan kondisi lingkungan tersebut sangat bervariatif. Hutan terdiri dari beberapa kawasanya, yaitu hutan lindung, hutan produksi, perkebunan kopi serta kawasan tanaman semusim. Kawasan gunung Arjuna memiliki beberapa tegakan diantaranya pinus dan mahoni namun sebagian besar dipenuhi oleh pinus sebesar 90% dan pohon mahoni berkisar 10%. Sebagian besar tanaman kopi yang terdapat pada kawasan hutan gunung Arjuna adalah jenis kopi arabika sedangkan sisanya adalah kopi robusta. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan lereng Gunung Arjuna, Terletak di Desa Sumbersari, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli–Oktober 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan mengambil beberapa titik sampel yang mewakili yang mewakili tanaman kopi di kawasan tesebut. Beberapa plot sampel pengambilan sampel untuk analisis kesesuaian lahan diidentifikasi pada kawasan: Adapun tahapan pengamatan yang dilakukanya itu pengambilan data suhu udara menggunakan termohigrometer dengan mengambil data suhu minimum dan maksimum, pengambilan kelembapan udara dengan alat termohigrometer juga data minimum dan maksimum serta data intensitas cahaya menggunakan lux meter, pengambilan sampel tanah untuk mengukur hara serta kesuburan tanah, mengukur ketinggian serta tingkat kelerengan lahan. Hasil pengamatan yang telah dilakukan akan dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis kesesuaian lahan, dengan menyesuaikan data kawasan tersebut dengan tingkat kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman kopi robusta dan arabika.

scholarly journals Lima Bean Downy Mildew Epiphytotics Caused by New Physiological Races of Phytophthora phaseoli

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Davidson ◽  
T. A. Evans ◽  
R. P. Mulrooney ◽  
N. F. Gregory ◽  
R. B. Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Physiological Race

Before 1995, race D of Phytophthora phaseoli, the causal agent of downy mildew on lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), was the prevalent physiological race in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Since 1995, however, new physiological races of P. phaseoli have been responsible for downy mildew outbreaks in previously resistant cultivars in this region. Cultivar differential testing of 180 isolates of P. phaseoli collected between 1994 and 2005 from Delaware and the eastern shore of Maryland has confirmed the presence of two new physiological races. The detection of race E in 1995 and race F only 5 years later in 2000, plus the lack of resistant cultivars to manage the epiphytotics in lima bean, have led to millions of dollars of crop losses. Intra- and interspecific genetic variation of Phytophthora spp. and isolates were assessed using amplified fragment length polymorphism DNA fingerprinting. Primer groups EcoRI+AG and MseI+C distinguished P. phaseoli and P. capsici from P. infestans but did not distinguish among different races of P. phaseoli.

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