scholarly journals ADVENTITIOUS SHOOT FORMATION FROM HYPOCOTYL AND COTYLEDON EXPLANTS OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS Miller

2018 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Betül Bürün ◽  
Yonca Surgun-Acar
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Cotyledon Explants

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Expression Analysis of Shoot-Regeneration Regulatory Genes during the Adventitious Shoot Formation in Hypocotyl and Cotyledon Explants of Tomato (CV. Micro-Tom)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoung Hui Lee ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Eun Yee Jie ◽  
Seung Hee Choi ◽  
Lingmin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Enhancing the competence for plant regeneration in tissue culture studies is an important issue not only for efficient genetic transformation of commercial crops but also for the reproducibility of scientific reports. In this study, we investigated optimization of several tissue culture conditions including plant growth regulators, types and ages of explants, culture densities, and plant position in order to improve the competence of adventitious shoot formation of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). In addition, we examined the differential expression of D-type cyclin (CYCD3-1) and several shoot regeneration regulatory genes from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of tomato during shoot organogenesis. A treatment of 1 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.1 mg L−1 Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3% sucrose was optimal for adventitious shoot formation from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants. The younger explants exhibited more shoot formation regardless of explant types. Additionally, those closest to the shoot apical meristem produced more shoots compared to the other regions in the hypocotyl and the cotyledon explants. Gene expression of CYCD3-1, SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM), and cytokinin dependent WUSCHEL (WUS) was significantly higher in younger explants than in older ones. Furthermore, an increase in CYCD3-1, STM, and WUS expression was evident at the distal part of hypocotyls and the proximal part of cotyledons compared to other regions. These differential gene expression profiles exhibited good agreement with the results of shoot formation obtained from diverse explants of tomato. These results suggest that temporal and spatial gene expression of shoot regeneration regulatory genes plays an important role in enhancing the competence and the reproducibility of adventitious shoot formation from tomato explants.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sodium Butyrate on Adventitious Shoot Formation Varies among the Plant Species and the Explant Types

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8451
Author(s):  
Myoung Hui Lee ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Seung Hee Choi ◽  
Eun Yee Jie ◽  
Jae Cheol Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Cotyledon Explants

Histone acetylation plays an important role in plant growth and development. Here, we investigated the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on adventitious shoot formation from protoplast-derived calli and cotyledon explants of tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The frequency of adventitious shoot formation from protoplast-derived calli was higher in shoot induction medium (SIM) containing NaB than in the control. However, the frequency of adventitious shoot formation from cotyledon explants of tobacco under the 0.1 mM NaB treatment was similar to that in the control, but it decreased with increasing NaB concentration. Unlike in tobacco, NaB decreased adventitious shoot formation in tomato explants in a concentration-dependent manner, but it did not have any effect on adventitious shoot formation in calli. NaB inhibited or delayed the expression of D-type cyclin (CYCD3-1) and shoot-regeneration regulatory gene WUSCHEL (WUS) in cotyledon explants of tobacco and tomato. However, compared to that in control SIM, the expression of WUS was promoted more rapidly in tobacco calli cultured in NaB-containing SIM, but the expression of CYCD3-1 was inhibited. In conclusion, the effect of NaB on adventitious shoot formation and expression of CYCD3-1 and WUS genes depended on the plant species and whether the effects were tested on explants or protoplast-derived calli.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Plumbago zeylanica L. with Reference to a Unique Population in Maruthamalai, the Western Ghats, India

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mallikadevi ◽  
P. Senthilkumar ◽  
S. Paulsamy
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
The Western Ghats

The in vitro regeneration of Plubago zeylanica exhibited that the callus was initiated in the basal medium containing BAP, NAA, 2, 4-D, and IBA.  The high amount (90%) of organic calli was induced in the basal medium supplemented with 2, 4-D, alone at 2.0 mg/l. In the subculture the adventitious shoot formation was prominently higher (83%) in the basal medium containing BAP, and NAA at 3.5 and 0.3 mg/l, respectively. IAA (1.0 mg/l)effectively produced higher percen-tage (90) of roots and root growth. After sequential hardening, survivability rate was observed to be significantly higher (80%) in the hardening medium containing garden soil, sand and vermicompost in the ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 by volume under greenhouse condition.  Key words: Plumbago zeylanica, In vitro regeneration, Medicinal plant D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3648 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 173-179, 2008 (December)

scholarly journals Shoot Organogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Cotyledons of Diploid, Triploid, and Tetraploid Watermelon

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Compton ◽  
D.J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Apical Half ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Adventitious shoots were obtained from watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsun. & Nakai] cotyledons incubated on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing BA. Initial experiments comparing the effects of BA (0, 5, 10, or 20 μm) and IA4 (0, 0.5, or 5 μm) demonstrated that BA was required for adventitious shoot formation but its concentration in the medium was not critical. The addition of IAA to medium with BA increased callus production and inhibited shoot formation. However, the percentage of responding explants in the best treatment was <30%. Therefore, the manner in which cotyledon explants were prepared and seedling age at the time of explantation was examined to improve the organogenic response. The percentage of explants with shoots was improved by using explants that consisted of cotyledon bases (43%) or cotyledons cut in half longitudinally (39%). A lower percentage (16%) of cotyledons cut longitudinally into four pieces produced shoots. Explants taken from the apical half of cotyledons failed to regenerate shoots. Shoot formation was improved further by using explants from young seedlings. The percentage of explants with shoots was >90% for `Minilee', 64% for S86NE, and 50% for `Jubilee II' when explants were prepared from 5-day-old seedlings. Explants from nongerminated embryos or seedlings germinated for 10, 15, or 20 days produced fewer shoots. The effect of several cytokinins on shoot organogenesis was then examined using the optimized protocol. The percentage of explants with shoots and the number of shoots per explant were about two to four times higher when 5 to 10 μm BA was used compared to the most effective kinetin (20 μm) or thidiazuron (0.1 μm) concentration. The percentage of explants with shoots and the number of shoots per explant were greater for diploid (57% and 2.2, respectively) than for triploid (22% and 0.6, respectively) or tetraploid (20% and 0.8, respectively) lines. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl)-1 H -purin-6-amine (BA); 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin); N -phenyl-N' -1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron); 1 H -indole3-acetic acid (IAA).

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