scholarly journals Increased blood group 2 innate lymphoid cells are involved in blood eosinophilia and itching in Kimura disease

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Tojima ◽  
Takuya Murao ◽  
Keigo Nakamura ◽  
Hiroyuki Arai ◽  
Shino Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Systemic Steroid ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Kimura Disease ◽  
Blood Eosinophilia ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Group 2

Background: Kimura disease (KD) is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by blood eosinophilia, general itching, and subcutaneous head and neck mass lesions; however, the etiology of this disease is unknown. We hypothesized that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in peripheral blood may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of KD. Methods: The prevalence of blood ILC2s and their ability to produce interleukin (IL) -4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-31 in patients with KD were compared with those in control subjects and in patients with house dust mite (HDM) -induced allergic rhinitis (AR). Changes in blood ILC2 prevalence, blood eosinophilia, and clinical symptoms after surgery and steroid therapy were evaluated. Results: Blood ILC2 prevalence in patients with KD were eight times and six times higher than those in control subjects and in patients with AR, respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between ILC2 prevalence and blood eosinophilia. Patients with KD showed increased serum IL-13 and decreased IL-31 levels. KD patient-derived blood ILC2s produced large amounts of IL-5 and IL-13 in response to prostaglandin (PG) D and leukotriene (LT) D , compared to ILC2s derived from control subjects and patients with AR. Surgery and systemic steroid therapy ameliorated general itching with a concomitant decrease in blood ILC2s and blood eosinophilia. Upon disease recurrence, blood ILC2 prevalence and blood eosinophilia increased concurrently with general itching. Conclusion: Increased blood ILC2s may be involved in blood eosinophilia and general itching through the production of IL-5 and IL-13 in patients with KD.

scholarly journals Increased blood group 2 innate lymphoid cells contribute to blood eosinophilia, elevated IgE, and itching in Kimura disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Tojima ◽  
Shiori Hara ◽  
Takuya Murao ◽  
Keigo Nakamura ◽  
Sayuri Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Kimura Disease ◽  
Blood Eosinophilia ◽  
Group 2

scholarly journals Transcription Factors in the Development and Function of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ebihara ◽  
Ichiro Taniuchi
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Th2 Cytokine ◽  
Parasitic Worm ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Function

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are tissue-resident cells and are a major source of innate TH2 cytokine secretion upon allergen exposure or parasitic-worm infection. Accumulating studies have revealed that transcription factors, including GATA-3, Bcl11b, Gfi1, RORα, and Ets-1, play a role in ILC2 differentiation. Recent reports have further revealed that the characteristics and functions of ILC2 are influenced by the physiological state of the tissues. Specifically, the type of inflammation strongly affects the ILC2 phenotype in tissues. Inhibitory ILC2s, memory-like ILC2s, and ex-ILC2s with ILC1 features acquire their characteristic properties following exposure to their specific inflammatory environment. We have recently reported a new ILC2 population, designated as exhausted-like ILC2s, which emerges after a severe allergic inflammation. Exhausted-like ILC2s are featured with low reactivity and high expression of inhibitory receptors. Therefore, for a more comprehensive understanding of ILC2 function and differentiation, we review the recent knowledge of transcriptional regulation of ILC2 differentiation and discuss the roles of the Runx transcription factor in controlling the emergence of exhausted-like ILC2s. The concept of exhausted-like ILC2s sheds a light on a new aspect of ILC2 biology in allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Localization and site-specific cell–cell interactions of group 2 innate lymphoid cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiniwa Tsuyoshi ◽  
Kazuyo Moro
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Production ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cell Cell

Abstract Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are novel lymphocytes discovered in 2010. Unlike T or B cells, ILC2s are activated nonspecifically by environmental factors and produce various cytokines, thus playing a role in tissue homeostasis, diseases including allergic diseases, and parasite elimination. ILC2s were first reported as cells abundantly present in fat-associated lymphoid clusters in adipose tissue. However, subsequent studies revealed their presence in various tissues throughout the body, acting as key players in tissue-specific diseases. Recent histologic analyses revealed that ILC2s are concentrated in specific regions in tissues, such as the lamina propria and perivascular regions, with their function being controlled by the surrounding cells, such as epithelial cells and other immune cells, via cytokine and lipid production or by cell–cell interactions through surface molecules. Especially, some stromal cells are identified as the niche cells for ILC2s, both in the steady state and under inflammatory conditions, through the production of IL-33 or extracellular-matrix factors. Additionally, peripheral neurons reportedly co-localize with ILC2s and alter their function directly through neurotransmitters. These findings suggest that the different localizations or different cell–cell interactions might affect the function of ILC2s. Furthermore, generally, ILC2s are thought to be tissue-resident cells; however, they occasionally migrate to other tissues and perform a new role; this supports the importance of the microenvironment for their function. We summarize here the current understanding of how the microenvironment controls ILC2 localization and function with the aim of promoting the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

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