scholarly journals LTE and GPS based Deca Band Printed Antenna for Cellular Mobile Handset Communication Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
Syed Sheraz -ul- Hasan Mohani ◽  
Kamran Raza
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Directional Radiation ◽  
Radiating Element ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ◽  
Matching Criteria ◽  
Cellular Mobile ◽  
Mobile Handset

This paper presents novel mobile phone antenna for radiations simultaneously in ten frequency bands for applications of LTE (Long-Term Evolution), GPS (Global Positioning System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), PCS (Public and Commercial Services), DCS (Distributed Control System), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). The antenna demonstrates novel characteristics for resolving the challenge of simultaneous radiation capabilities for the GSM and GPS applications with frequencies of 850/900 and 1575 MHz respectively, along with resonances at frequency band of 700 MHz for LTE applications, 1800 and 1900 MHz for PCS and DCS applications, 2100 MHz for UMTS applications, 2400 and 2500 MHz for LTE applications and 3300 MHz for WiMAX applications with S11 = - 6 dB matching criteria (VSWR 3:1). The antenna architecture comprises top and bottom copper layers embedded with monopole radiating element, branch line, slots and various stub lines. The desired operating bands are achieved in a compact area with overall dimensions of 0.8x60x120 mm for the height, width and length respectively of the antenna providing suitable platform for mobile handset applications. Omni-directional radiation pattern characteristics are achieved throughout the range of frequencies by designing the proposed antenna in monopole configuration. Proposed antenna is fabricated and results for the surface currents, s-parameters and 3D (Three-Dimensional) gain plots are illustrated for the proof of concept.

scholarly journals Label-Free Study of the Global Cell Behavior during Exposure to Environmental Radiofrequency Fields in the Presence or Absence of Pro-Apoptotic or Pro-Autophagic Treatments

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Alexandre Joushomme ◽  
André Garenne ◽  
Mélody Dufossée ◽  
Rémy Renom ◽  
Hermanus Johannes Ruigrok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Digital Holographic Microscopy ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Rf Exposure ◽  
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

It remains controversial whether exposure to environmental radiofrequency signals (RF) impacts cell status or response to cellular stress such as apoptosis or autophagy. We used two label-free techniques, cellular impedancemetry and Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), to assess the overall cellular response during RF exposure alone, or during co-exposure to RF and chemical treatments known to induce either apoptosis or autophagy. Two human cell lines (SH-SY5Y and HCT116) and two cultures of primary rat cortex cells (astrocytes and co-culture of neurons and glial cells) were exposed to RF using an 1800 MHz carrier wave modulated with various environmental signals (GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications, 2G signal), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, 3G signal), LTE (Long-Term Evolution, 4G signal, and Wi-Fi) or unmodulated RF (continuous wave, CW). The specific absorption rates (S.A.R.) used were 1.5 and 6 W/kg during DHM experiments and ranged from 5 to 24 W/kg during the recording of cellular impedance. Cells were continuously exposed for three to five consecutive days while the temporal phenotypic signature of cells behavior was recorded at constant temperature. Statistical analysis of the results does not indicate that RF-EMF exposure impacted the global behavior of healthy, apoptotic, or autophagic cells, even at S.A.R. levels higher than the guidelines, provided that the temperature was kept constant.

Mobile P2P in Cellular Mobile Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 348-373
Author(s):  
Kurt Tutschku ◽  
Andreas Berl ◽  
Tobias Hossfeld ◽  
Hermann de Meer
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Content Distribution ◽  
Mobile P2p ◽  
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Edge Based ◽  
P2p Applications ◽  
Cellular Mobile

The telecommunication industry has recently seen two areas with very high growth rates: cellular networks, for example, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) or UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), and P2P (Peer-to-Peer) file-sharing applications. A combination of both might be highly attractive: a) for attracting new users; and b) for exploiting the potential of cellular broadband technologies. From a system’s perspective, architectures and performance figures of cellular mobile network applications and services that have edge-based intelligence (e.g,. P2P applications) are, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, less researched and many questions remain open. This chapter presents the design of MP2P (Mobile P2P) applications for cellular mobile networks by using the example of a MP2P content-distribution application. First, the incompatibilities between the P2P paradigm and properties of cellular mobile networks are identified. Then, a design methodology for MP2P applications for cellular mobile networks is proposed. The proposed method is based on a functional analysis of the two basic P2P functions, resource mediation and resource access control. The result is a hybrid P2P content-distribution architecture, which is enhanced by different operator-controlled infrastructure elements. The suggested architecture does not only overcome incompatibilities between P2P and cellular mobile communication systems, it also meets the functional needs and performance requirements of future P2P applications in cellular environments, while still largely preserves the user characteristics and efficiency of P2P systems. Finally, the performance enhancements by the architecture for the two basic P2P functions are investigated by comprehensive simulative and analytical performance evaluations.

Practical electron tomography

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
C.L. Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Tomographic Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Shape ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
Shape Of Particles

Despite the potential of the technique, electron tomography has yet to be widely used by biologists. This is in part related to the rather daunting list of equipment and expertise that are required. Thanks to continuing advances in theory and instrumentation, tomography is now more feasible for the non-specialist. One barrier that has essentially disappeared is the expense of computational resources. In view of this progress, it is time to give more attention to practical issues that need to be considered when embarking on a tomographic project. The following recommendations and comments are derived from experience gained during two long-term collaborative projects.Tomographic reconstruction results in a three dimensional description of an individual EM specimen, most commonly a section, and is therefore applicable to problems in which ultrastructural details within the thickness of the specimen are obscured in single micrographs. Information that can be recovered using tomography includes the 3D shape of particles, and the arrangement and dispostion of overlapping fibrous and membranous structures.

Custom Presurgical Planning for Midfacial Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 696-702
Author(s):  
Nolan B. Seim ◽  
Enver Ozer ◽  
Sasha Valentin ◽  
Amit Agrawal ◽  
Mead VanPutten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Free Tissue Transfer ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Presurgical Planning ◽  
Dental Rehabilitation ◽  
Midface Reconstruction ◽  
Reconstructive Algorithm

AbstractResection and reconstruction of midface involve complex ablative and reconstructive tools in head and oncology and maxillofacial prosthodontics. This region is extraordinarily important for long-term aesthetic and functional performance. From a reconstructive standpoint, this region has always been known to present challenges to a reconstructive surgeon due to the complex three-dimensional anatomy, the variable defects created, combination of the medical and dental functionalities, and the distance from reliable donor vessels for free tissue transfer. Another challenge one faces is the unique features of each individual resection defect as well as individual patient factors making each preoperative planning session and reconstruction unique. Understanding the long-term effects on speech, swallowing, and vision, one should routinely utilize a multidisciplinary approach to resection and reconstruction, including head and neck reconstructive surgeons, prosthodontists, speech language pathologists, oculoplastic surgeons, dentists, and/or craniofacial teams as indicated and with each practice pattern. With this in mind, we present our planning and reconstructive algorithm in midface reconstruction, including a dedicated focus on dental rehabilitation via custom presurgical planning.

GPS and GSM Based Tracking System for Objects Moving over Wide Geographical Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Ameen ◽  
Ziad Mohammed ◽  
Abdulrahman Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Acceptable Result ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Tracking Objects

Tracking systems of moving objects provide a useful means to better control, manage and secure them. Tracking systems are used in different scales of applications such as indoors, outdoors and even used to track vehicles, ships and air planes moving over the globe. This paper presents the design and implementation of a system for tracking objects moving over a wide geographical area. The system depends on the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technologies without requiring the Internet service. The implemented system uses the freely available GPS service to determine the position of the moving objects. The tests of the implemented system in different regions and conditions show that the maximum uncertainty in the obtained positions is a circle with radius of about 16 m, which is an acceptable result for tracking the movement of objects in wide and open environments.

Interpenetrating Gels as Conducting/Adhering Matrices Enabling High-Performance Silicon Anodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Xia ◽  
Chengfei Xu ◽  
Pengfei Dai ◽  
Xiaoyun Li ◽  
Riming Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrochemical Energy Storage ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Silicon Anodes ◽  
Weak Binding ◽  
Binding Forces

Three-dimensional (3D) conductive polymers are promising conductive matrices for electrode materials toward electrochemical energy storage. However, their fragile nature and weak binding forces with active materials could not guarantee long-term...

scholarly journals Recurrent contracted sockets treated with personalized, three-dimensionally printed conformers and buccal grafts

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110000
Author(s):  
Annabel LW Groot ◽  
Jelmer S Remmers ◽  
Roel JHM Kloos ◽  
Peerooz Saeed ◽  
Dyonne T Hartong
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Ocular Prosthesis ◽  
Buccal Mucosal Graft ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
3D Printed

Purpose: Recurrent contracted sockets are complex situations where previous surgeries have failed, disabling the wear of an ocular prosthesis. A combined method of surgery and long-term fixation using custom-made, three-dimensional (3D) printed conformers is evaluated. Methods: Retrospective case series of nine patients with recurrent excessive socket contraction and inability to wear a prosthesis, caused by chemical burns ( n = 3), fireworks ( n = 3), trauma ( n = 2) and enucleation and radiotherapy at childhood due to optic nerve glioma ( n = 1) with three average previous socket surgeries (range 2–6). Treatment consisted of a buccal mucosal graft and personalized 3D-printed conformer designed to be fixated to the periosteum and tarsal plates for minimal 2 months. Primary outcome was the retention of an ocular prosthesis. Secondary outcome was the need for additional surgeries. Results: Outcomes were measured at final follow-up between 7 and 36 months postoperatively (mean 20 months). Eight cases were able to wear an ocular prosthesis after 2 months. Three cases initially treated for only the upper or only the lower fornix needed subsequent surgery for the opposite fornix for functional reasons. Two cases had later surgery for cosmetic improvement of upper eyelid position. Despite pre-existing lid abnormalities (scar, entropion, lash deficiency), cosmetic outcome was judged highly acceptable in six cases because of symmetric contour and volume, and reasonably acceptable in the remaining two. Conclusions: Buccal mucosal transplant fixated with a personalized 3D-designed conformer enables retention of a well-fitted ocular prosthesis in previously failed socket surgeries. Initial treatment of both upper and lower fornices is recommended to avoid subsequent surgeries for functional reasons.

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