scholarly journals Environmental Policy and Land Management in Rural Areas of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Nataliia Stoiko ◽  
Nadiia Kryshenyk ◽  
Olha Soltys ◽  
Oksana Cherechon
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
National Environmental ◽  
National Environmental Policy

The research studies the issue of ecological stability of rural territories that is the most important component of the national environmental policy of Ukraine. A special attention is paid to degradation of arable lands as the main ecological problem of land management. On the example of Lviv region, the authors calculated the index of ecological nonconformity of current use of arable lands, proving a considerable excess of permissible ploughing of lands in the region. The carried analysis confirms that no measures were performed concerning land protection, including conservation that in the recent years. In this context it is necessary to improve land resources management on the basis of sustainable development. Integration is considered to be the main principle of land resources management. The research proves that solution of ecological problems of land management requires achievement of a set of coordinated targets concerning development of rural territories, land resources management and national environmental policy based on the principles of suitable development. The targets include: planning of land use outside settled areas on the landscape and ecological basis; land inventory; formation of the land bank of agricultural lands; development and support of alternative kinds of activity on rural area; development of an efficient mechanism to encourage performance of land protection measures; improvement of environmental responsibility of population and development of ecological education. The methodological basis of the research is the concept of sustainable development, which expects support for a continuous character of development in order to meet the current needs along with ensuring the needs of future generations. The fulfilment of the task requires examination of scientific works on the issue of sustainable management of land resources and an ecological component of rural territory development.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF ECOLOGICAL CULTURE OF THE POPULATION: GOALS AND RESULTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Witold A. Yasvin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Ecological Culture ◽  
National Environmental ◽  
National Environmental Policy

In this article, the problem of effective organization of activities for the formation of environmental culture of the population is updated. It is emphasized that in modern socioeconomic conditions, the priorities of the national environmental policy formulated at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries by experts of the center for environmental policy of Russia remain relevant. The contribution of experts of this Center under the leadership of academician A. V. Yablokov is noted. The article presents an attempt to systematically analyze the main resources (tools and institutions) for creating a system of effective targeted formation of environmental culture of various categories of residents. It is emphasized that in order to implement this priority of the national environmental policy, it is necessary to create a system of effective targeted formation of the environmental culture of various categories of residents and ensure the solution of key tasks. The author refers to the data of the problem and reveals them through description of the main activities and results in the formation of a system of ideas about the value of natural resources, the main provisions of the strategy of sustainable development, the problems of maintaining the health of the environment and so on; on the formation of humane attitude to nature, providing psychological inclusion of animals and plants within the scope of ethics; the development of a population environmentally safe methods of land use; to teach people to consciously use the unique potential that lies in spiritual communication with the natural world for their own personal development; to form people's need for active personal support for the ideas of sustainable development and maintaining the health of the environment. The author argues for the need to analyze the organizational and intellectual potential of all relevant regional institutions (educational organizations, state nature reserves and national parks, zoos, botanical gardens, museums, environmental clubs, relevant public organizations, scientific institutions, and so on), as well as identify priority areas of activity for each of them in order to effectively target the formation of environmental culture of various categories of the country's population.

scholarly journals Management of rural territories land resources in decentralization conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Andriy Sava ◽  
Borys Sydoruk ◽  
Roman Voloshyn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Community Needs

Introduction. Under decentralization, there is a gradual transfer of powers and resources to local governments. In this case, one of the most urgent problem for rural areas, is the organization of rational land management from the position of financial support improving through the disposing of lands, and using available lands for community needs. Methods. General and special methods – monographic and abstract-logical, methods of generalization, comparison and analysis have been applied for data processing. Results. During the decentralization reform, it was found that 488 rural united territorial communities were formed, covering almost half the area of all UTCs created. In addition, nearly 800 village councils joint to the city-based UTCs. The ways of the redistribution of powers on the UTC land resources management are established at the expense of acquiring their own powers, obtaining delegated ones, as well as acquiring the rights of other institutions. Emphasis is placed on the benefits of managing land resources of rural communities at the local level. It has been determined that the applicable law restrict communal land use of UTC. At the same time, the importance of agricultural land outside the settlement transfer to the disposal of communities is emphasized. The importance of the land payment in the structure of local budget revenues is analyzed in detail, the key problems and contradictions that accompany the process of land management powers reallocation are identified. Suggestions are made to improve the rural communities land resources management through their inventory, accounting and monitoring, revision of rental rates for communal property, strengthening control over compliance with the terms of land use agreements, use of free lands in the interests of communities. Discussion. Further studies in this area are going to be aimed at developing a comprehensive mechanism for ensuring effective management of land resources in rural areas after the completion of decentralization. Keywords: land resources, rural territories, decentralization, united territorial communities, local governments.

Response to the Journal of Forestry Article: “US Forest Service Implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act: Fast, Variable, Rarely Litigated, and Declining”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A Morgan ◽  
Michael J Niccolucci ◽  
Erik C Berg
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Forest Service ◽  
National Environmental Policy Act ◽  
Federal Land ◽  
Us Forest Service ◽  
National Environmental ◽  
Federal Land Management ◽  
National Environmental Policy

Abstract The Fleischman et al. (2020a) article on US Forest Service (FS) implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) correctly identified a decline in the number of NEPA analyses, but several conclusions were not supported by the data used. After analyzing their and other relevant data, we reached substantially different conclusions. Using FS budget data, we found budgets supporting NEPA analyses to be flat to increasing. Likewise, using FS accomplishment data, we found several FS land-management activities increased as others remained flat or decreased. The three types of NEPA analyses took statistically significant different times to complete, and time to complete analyses declined little over 15 years. We also found that litigation rates varied substantially by NEPA analysis type, resource purpose, and FS region. Conducting NEPA analyses is a necessary step in federal land management. However, resources invested in NEPA analyses represent an opportunity cost, and the success of the FS is better measured by on-the-ground accomplishments rather than number of NEPA analyses produced. Study Implications National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) analyses are required for management of National Forest System (NFS) lands. The Forest Service (FS) devotes substantial effort to conducting NEPA analyses, and the use of NEPA analyses in litigation against NFS management activities is well documented. Land managers and the public need an accurate understanding of how the FS is implementing NEPA. A recent Journal of Forestry article about NEPA assumed that NFS budgets and land management activities declined with the number of NEPA analyses. By contrast, data from the FS shows (1) NFS budgets have been flat to increasing, (2) several NFS accomplishments have been flat to increasing, (3) the time to complete a NEPA analysis varies substantially by the type of analysis, (4) the amount of time the FS takes to complete NEPA analyses has declined very little over the past 15 years, and (5) litigation of NEPA analyses varies by the type of analysis, FS region, and resource purposes. Although conducting environmental analysis is a necessary step in federal land management, completing NEPA analyses is not a substitute for accomplishing on-the-ground management activities, and resources invested in NEPA analyses represent an opportunity cost to the FS.

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