scholarly journals The Role of Local Governments in Driving High-Quality Growth in the People’s Republic of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehtisham Ahmad ◽  
Hans van Rijn
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Local Government Level ◽  
Negative Side Effects

Over the past 25 years, the People’s Republic of China has gone through a long period of remarkable growth, lifting millions of people out of poverty. But this focus on growth has come at a cost, particularly in terms of environmental degradation, increasing socioeconomic and spatial inequalities, and the building up of fiscal liabilities at the local government level. Under the High-Quality Growth agenda, the People’s Republic of China seeks to rebalance the economy by addressing those negative side effects, and local governments will have a key role to play in the implementation of that agenda. In this paper, some critical aspects of the fiscal and institutional environment in which local governments operate are analyzed, and proposals are offered for the strengthening of local government finances.

scholarly journals Promoting High-Quality Growth Through Financial Reform in the People’s Republic of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Huang ◽  
Xun Wang ◽  
Anqian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Financial Reform ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Shed Light

This report assesses the effects of financial development on economic performance in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and attempts to shed light on future reform directions.

Paths to (de)centralization: Changing territorial dynamics of social policy in the People’s Republic of China and the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 897-915
Author(s):  
Daniel Béland ◽  
Philip Rocco ◽  
Shih-Jiunn Shi ◽  
Alex Waddan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
State Governments ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China

Drawing on the existing welfare state literature, this article offers a comparative analytical framework to account for the territorial dynamics of social policy in the United States and the People’s Republic of China, two countries that are most dissimilar in terms of political regime but that may exhibit similar territorial patterns of social policy fragmentation. A promising way to explore such patterns, we argue, is to analyze how changes in the architecture of major governing institutions affect the territorial dimension of social policy. In the United States, state governments and a territorially-organized federal legislature have increasingly accommodated national political parties. These two parties have turned the politics of social policy into a debate over the boundaries of national or state governance of social policy, resulting in multi-level governance frameworks. In the People’s Republic of China, the partisan dimension is absent, but strong economic pressures on the central bureaucracy have made devolution a functional imperative and have given local governments increasing leverage when bargaining with the center.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND PRIVATE ENTERPRISE IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND ITS RELEVANCE TO TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOHONG HE
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Transitional Economies ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Future Research ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Private Business ◽  
Republic Of China

This paper aims to study the issues and unique characteristics surrounding the birth and development of the private sector in the People's Republic of China (China); analyze the interaction of entrepreneurial behavior and the country's unique and continuously changing regulatory and institutional environment; examine the actions, outcomes, and composition of this emerging entrepreneurial class; and analyze the implications for entrepreneurship research in transitional economies. The paper offers a model built on a dynamic and transitional cycle. Using this model, the paper examines how uncertainties, ambiguities, and changing regulatory environments may create opportunities, bolstering the entrepreneurial class as well as an impressive private sector in a country where entrepreneurs and private business can be at odds with socialist ideology and culture in addition to many regulatory and institutional obstacles. Rather than relying upon limited survey data targeted at specific locations, industries, or time periods, this study is based on seven large-scale surveys conducted from 1993 to 2006 in both urban and rural areas extending horizontally across different industries in China, with a primary focus on private business. The findings are relevant for future research and government policy in transitional economies.

scholarly journals The 14th Five-Year Plan of the People’s Republic of China—Fostering High-Quality Development

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Modern Development

This policy notes outlines recommendations for the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025) for National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China that highlights high-quality green development. The plan emphasizes innovation as the core of modern development, relying on the dual circulation strategy as the growth paradigm coupled with reforms to increase living standards. Building on the achievements of the 13th Plan, it aims to reduce the carbon intensity of the economy and peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030. This policy note’s recommendations focus on innovation-driven growth, low-carbon development, integration of urban–rural areas with deeper social inclusion, and population aging as priorities.

scholarly journals The evolution of the budgetary legislation of China

Pravovedenie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-569
Author(s):  
Al'bert A. Trofimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Budget System

The article deals with the history of the development of the budget legislation of the People’s Republic of China from its inception to the present day. The author on the basis of the study of domestic and foreign literature of legal, economic, historical nature traces the main trends in the development of legal regulation in this area, defines the features of the budget system of China at different stages of its functioning, the specifics of legal regulation. Much attention of the Chinese legislator remains for such issues as the formation and spending of extrabudgetary funds, the implementation of transfer payments from the Central budget to local budgets, ensuring the openness and transparency of the budget system of China. A special place in this regard is occupied by the formation and improvement of the structure of the budget system of the PRC, consisting of various types of budgets. Until now, many issues remain unresolved, in particular, the legal provision of effective control over the expenditure of public finance, ensuring the effectiveness and efficiency of spending, treasury budget execution. The successful nature of China’s economic development in recent decades, as well as the related problems PRC faces, have made it necessary to establish special rules in the Budget law aimed at regulating public debts, primarily by local governments, rules for public procurement, specific offences and measures of legal responsibility for violation of the relevant statutes. The distinctive features of the budget legal regulation of the People’s Republic of China is that there is no budget code; there is the predominant share of by-laws adopted by the Central and local governments, ministries, departments; there are lot of pilot projects before the introduction of new norms in the territory of the whole state. The article is accompanied by a translation from Chinese into Russian of the text of the current Budget Law of the People’s Republic of China.

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