The 14th Five-Year Plan of the People’s Republic of China—Fostering High-Quality Development

Carbon Intensity ◽

Low Carbon ◽

High Quality ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Modern Development

This policy notes outlines recommendations for the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025) for National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China that highlights high-quality green development. The plan emphasizes innovation as the core of modern development, relying on the dual circulation strategy as the growth paradigm coupled with reforms to increase living standards. Building on the achievements of the 13th Plan, it aims to reduce the carbon intensity of the economy and peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030. This policy note’s recommendations focus on innovation-driven growth, low-carbon development, integration of urban–rural areas with deeper social inclusion, and population aging as priorities.

Bridge to Future Livable Cities and City Clusters in the People’s Republic of China: Policy Opportunities for High-Quality Urban Development

10.22617/wps210372-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stefan Rau

Keyword(s):

Urban Society ◽

Low Carbon ◽

China Policy ◽

High Quality ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

Republic Of China ◽

The Past ◽

Urgent Action

The achievements in rapid urbanization and industrialization of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) over the past 40 years were historic. But they came at high environmental and social costs. By 2050, the country will be a high-income, four-generation urban society. Yet, according to the United Nations, the PRC’s population will have halved by 2100. Many cities will lose population and businesses. This will be equally historic and requires urgent action. The author recommends focusing on urban rehabilitation and retrofitting to make cities more livable—with a green circular zero-waste economy, aiming at low-carbon, climate-resilient cities—and making cities healthy and friendly for people of all ages.

POVERTY OF INHABITANTS OF RURAL AREAS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu ◽

10.15611/pn.2017.492.05 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Agnieszka Mikucka-Kowalczyk ◽

Izabela Ściborska-Kowalczyk

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Republic Of China

The Triple Logic and Choice Strategy of Rural Revitalization in the 70 Years since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China, Based on the Perspective of Historical Evolution

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10040125 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Dongsheng Zhang ◽

Wei Gao ◽

Yiqing Lv

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Path Selection ◽

Path Model ◽

Planning System ◽

System Reform ◽

Historical Evolution ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Rural Revitalization

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has continuously improved and developed the rural system, deepened rural reform, and promoted the process of agricultural and rural modernization. This paper constructs an analytical framework of rural revitalization and explores the logical law behind it from the three aspects of theoretical evolution, historical evolution, and realistic development. Then, on the basis of summarizing the existing rural revitalization path model, in view of the lack of industrial, ecological, cultural, and other rural revitalization path development models, the paper explores the general principles of rural revitalization path selection and puts forward a realistic choice: First, the key breakthrough of rural revitalization will be achieved through the construction of a rural revitalization planning system, land system reform, and green development. Second, the connotation and extension of concepts, such as “small farmers”, “industry prosperity”, and “rural areas”, are objectively analyzed and evaluated, so as to promote rural revitalization and avoid the risks and challenges that it may face in practice.

Human Capital and Urbanization in the People’s Republic of China

Cities of Dragons and Elephants ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198829225.003.0015 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 475-513

Author(s):

Chunbing Xing

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Returns To Education ◽

Urban Migration ◽

Large Cities ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Capital Development

This chapter explores the relationship between human capital development and urbanization in the People’s Republic of China, highlighting the Hukou system and decentralized fiscal system. Educated workers disproportionately reside in urban areas and in large cities, and the returns to education are higher in urban areas relative to those in rural areas, and in large, educated cities relative to small, less educated cities. In addition, the external returns to education in urban areas are at least comparable to the magnitude of private returns. Rural areas are the major reservoir for urban population growth, and the more educated have a higher chance of moving to cities and obtaining urban Hukou. As for health, rural–urban migration is selective in that healthy rural residents choose to migrate. However, occupational choices and living conditions are detrimental to migrants’ health. While migration has a positive effect on migrant children, its effect on ‘left-behind’ children is unclear.

Promoting High-Quality Growth Through Financial Reform in the People’s Republic of China

10.22617/wps210509-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yiping Huang ◽

Xun Wang ◽

Anqian Huang

Keyword(s):

Financial Development ◽

Economic Performance ◽

Financial Reform ◽

High Quality ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Shed Light

This report assesses the effects of financial development on economic performance in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and attempts to shed light on future reform directions.

China’s urban-rural relationship: evolution and prospects

China Agricultural Economic Review ◽

10.1108/caer-02-2018-0038 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 260-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhenghe Zhang ◽

Yawen Lu

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Content Type ◽

Republic Of China ◽

The Future ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Reform And Opening Up ◽

The Relationship

Purpose In the 69 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially the 40 years since the reform and opening-up, the relationship between urban and rural areas has undergone profound change. When the deepening reform of the urban-rural relationship is entering a critical period, it is necessary to reassess the evolution of the urban-rural relationship in China and draw a picture for that relationship in the future. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper combs the policies on the urban and rural development since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and analyzes macro data on the industries, population, personal income, and other aspects. Findings The study found that this urbanism affects individuals’ lives and the choices of society through the will of the state, and then provides feedback at the whole level of social values. Originality/value This paper divides the evolution of China’s urban-rural relationship into two major stages – nurturing cities with rural areas and leading rural areas with cities, which are then subdivided into five periods. The features of the relationship between the urban and rural areas in different periods are analyzed, and the future development of urban-rural relations is also considered.

Self-Concept and Sociometric Outcomes: A Comparison of Only Children and Sibling Children From Urban and Rural Areas in the People's Republic of China

The Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1080/00223980.1992.10543374 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 126 (4) ◽

pp. 411-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

William H. Meredith ◽

Douglas A. Abbott ◽

Zheng Fu Ming

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Self Concept ◽

Only Children ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Some Observations on the Health Services in the People's Republic of China

International Journal of Health Services ◽

10.2190/1dat-5yy8-431x-34q3 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 385-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

V. W. Sidel

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Health Workers ◽

Community Members ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Current Health ◽

The Past ◽

Chinese Medical Association

The observations on health services presented in this paper were made by the author during a one—month visit to the People's Republic of China in September—October 1971 as the guest of the Chinese Medical Association. The first part of the paper describes the following general principles on which current health services in China appear to be based: emphasis on care in the rural areas; integration of traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine; expanded use of community members in health services; decentralization; educational and status changes for health workers; and an ethic of service and cooperation rather than professional satisfaction and competition. The second part describes current practices in the organization of health services, in hospitals, and in maternal and child care. The overall conclusion is that the Chinese have made incredible progress over the past 22 years and have many lessons for other countries.