scholarly journals Productive capacity of the maize for silage crop grown in disturbed irrigation regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (31) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Rumen Bazitov ◽  
◽  
Milena Mihaylova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Maize Protein

An experiment was conducted with maize for silage as a main irrigation culture in the experimental field of the Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora. The following variations have been tested: variation 1 - no irrigation (sentinel); variation 2 - optimal irrigation, 80%-85% of FC (100% irrigation); variation 3 - Irrigation as variation 2 but with first irrigation cancelled; variation 4 - irrigation as variation 2 but with second irrigation cancelled; variation 5 - irrigation as variation 2, but with third irrigation cancelled. On the basis of a chemical analysis of the sudangrass forage for the raw protein content, FUM, FUG and PDI were defined. It was found that the highest yield of raw maize protein grown as the main crop was obtained from the optimal irrigation variation, both in the non-fertilized and the fertilized variation, respectively with 1023.5 kg / ha and 1303.5 kg / ha. The optimal water supply of maize provides the highest energy efficiency of the forage expressed in FUM -15022.8 kg / ha, FUG -15584.4 kg / da, PDI - 1060 kg / ha for non fertilized variations and FUM -16873.5 kg / ha, FUG -17516.3 kg / ha, PDI-1219 kg / ha with fertilizer applied.

Better water quality and higher energy efficiency by using model predictive flow control at water supply systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bakker ◽  
J. H. G. Vreeburg ◽  
L. J. Palmen ◽  
V. Sperber ◽  
G. Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

scholarly journals Principles of energy saving in water supply and sewage systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 04013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Makisha ◽  
Tatiana Kazimirova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Sewage Systems ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

In this paper, we consider energy efficiency in the system of water supply and sanitation. Particular attention is paid to energy conservation techniques, stages of implementation. The review of energy conservation methods, a table of classification, taking into account the cost. The work is aimed at further more detailed study of energy efficiency techniques in the water supply and sanitation and their application in the regions of Russia.

Heat Pumps for Energy Saving of Building Hot Water Supply

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 587-590
Author(s):  
Qing Hai Luo ◽  
Zheng Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Hot Water Supply

This paper analyzes the energy consumption of hot water supply in buildings and the insurmountable shortcoming of low energy efficiency of conventional water heaters, and investigates the progress and problems of developing heat pump water heaters. It is pointed out that developing of heat pump water heaters is one of the efficient approaches to improve the energy efficiency of hot water supply.

Energy efficiency evaluation for the water supply systems in tall buildings

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Wong ◽  
KW Mui ◽  
Y Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Energy Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
System Designs

High-rise housing, a trend in densely populated cities around the world, increases energy use for water supply and corresponding greenhouse gas emissions. With emphasis on improving the energy efficiency in the water supply systems, this paper proposes an energy efficiency evaluation measure for the water supply system designs and demonstrates its potential applications in a typical high-rise water supply system. In the proposed measure, the energy efficiency in a water supply system is defined as the potential energy required at the demand locations divided by the pumping energy of the supply system. The outcome of this paper provides useful benchmark references not only for the water supply system designs but also for the water demand management programmes in buildings. Practical application: An energy efficiency evaluation measure for the water supply system designs is used to establish benchmark references for not only the water supply system designs but also for the water demand management programmes in buildings.

scholarly journals Advantages of grass-grain crop rotations due to prolonged use of clover-alfalfa-timothy mixture

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-763
Author(s):  
A. K. Svechnikov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Significant Saving ◽  
Timothy Grass ◽  
One Year

It is known that significant saving of nitrogen fertilizers are due to perennial legume-cereal grasses use in crop rotations. From 2013 to 2018in the Mari El Republic six-field grass-grain fodder crop rotations were compared on sod-podzolic soils with a very high level of phosphorus and potassium. In the third rotation their productivity and bioenergetic efficiency, changes in several important soil fertility indicators, and crud protein content in the produced fodder were evaluated. The main difference between the crop rotations was based on the duration of the clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture (CAG) use: from one year to three years. In given experiment there was also studied the effect of mineral nitrogen (variants N0, N60) against Р60К60 background on the yield of crop rotations. During six years, there was no significant soil acidification in the variants. Each additional year of clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture use raised the energy efficiency ratio of crop rotations by 24-47 % (from 1.13-1.24 by one-year use to 2.08-2.25 by three years of use). Three-year CAG use as compared with one- and two-years has given to the crop rotation significant advantages in energy efficiency (up to two times) and productivity (approximately 40-80 %) of cultivated crops. After refusing to apply nitrogen fertilizations in such crop rotation, average crop productivity, soil humus and nitrogen content in the soil were better preserved. The average crude protein content in dry matter of the obtained fodder increased from 12.7 % to 14.6 % when prolonging theca use up to two years. The average energy value of the yield per rotation was recorded low (8.4-8.7 MJ/kg) and did not depend on the studied factors.

scholarly journals Intelligent power management at waterworks (case of Water Supply Branch of State Unitary Enterprise St. Petersburg Vodokanal)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Valery Glebovich Larionov ◽  
Marina Gennad'evna Treyman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Software Products

The article gives the analysis of resource saving and energy efficiency of the enterprises of water supply and waste water services of the State Unitary Enterprise “St. Petersburg Vodokanal”. There has been evaluated the consumption of electrical energy by the enterprise. The main methods of energy resources management (creating a system of rational consumption and saving of energy resources, using energy-efficient materials, equipment and technologies, identifying the potential of energy-saving measures at operating facilities) have been determined. The priority directions for reducing the production energy intensity in the water supply processes have been defined. An algorithm is proposed that includes the processes of collecting, modeling, structuring information, as well as developing an optimal solution for an enterprise. A model for optimizing work in water supply processes is presented, software products are considered that allow to control the processes of energy saving and energy efficiency. The most promising software products for their introducing them into practice of the enterprise have been identified, including General Electric Intelligent Platforms CSense. A plan for the sequential implementation of the software product into operation at the enterprise is presented. The dynamics of electricity consumption at the enterprise, the structure of energy consumption are illustrated. It is noted that the most significant contribution to the amount of energy consumption is made by the technological processes of water intake and supply. It has been substantiated that the most energy-consuming process for the enterprise (Water Supply Branch of the State Unitary Enterprise St. Petersburg Vodokanal) is replacement or maintenance of pumping equipment. The components of energy conservation of the enterprise under study are the partial regulation and automation of processes.

Modeling of hydraulic and energy efficiency indicators for water supply systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 540-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Ricardo Nogueira Vilanova ◽  
José Antônio Perrella Balestieri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Efficiency Indicators
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