scholarly journals First Occurrence of the Grey Fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, in New Brunswick: a Climate-change Mediated Range Expansion?

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Donald McAlpine ◽  
James D. Martin ◽  
Cade Libby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Urocyon Cinereoargenteus ◽  
Subadult Male ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
First Occurrence

The first occurrence in New Brunswick of the Grey Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), a threatened species in Canada, is documented based on a 4.3 kg subadult male trapped in the southwestern corner of the province. This is an approximate range extension of 135 km from the most northerly Maine occurrence and may reflect a larger North American range expansion underway since 1930-40, perhaps in response to warming climate.

scholarly journals Second Report of the Gray Fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, in New Brunswick

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Donald F McAlpine ◽  
Jonathan Cormier ◽  
Isaac G MacLean
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Urocyon Cinereoargenteus ◽  
Gray Fox

The Gray Fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, is listed federally as a threatened species in Canada, but has been undergoing a range expansion, with the first New Brunswick occurrence recorded in 2007. Here we document a second recent New Brunswick occurrence (2014) and suggest that monitoring the species in the province may be warranted.

White-striped freetail bat in Tasmania – resident, vagrant or climate change migrant?

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Lisa Cawthen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Echolocation Calls ◽  
South Eastern

The white-striped freetail bat (Austronomus australis) is distributed throughout mainland Australia, but historically has not been known from the island of Tasmania, off south-eastern mainland Australia. Between 2009 and 2012, echolocation calls identified as those of A. australis were recorded in Tasmania during bat call surveys. There are three hypotheses that could explain the discovery of this species in Tasmania: that A. australis is a previously undetected resident; it is a vagrant; or it is undergoing a southwards range expansion or shift. Based on the limited evidence available, including this species’ long-range flight capabilities (including over open water out to sea), I suggest that this species is a periodic vagrant to Tasmania and that monitoring is necessary to identify whether this species is undergoing a southwards range extension into Tasmania.

scholarly journals Late Pleistocene records of felids from Medicine Hat, Alberta, including the first Canadian record of the sabre-toothed cat Smilodon fatalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1052-1060
Author(s):  
Ashley R. Reynolds ◽  
Kevin L. Seymour ◽  
David C. Evans
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Documented Case ◽  
South Saskatchewan River ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Herbivorous Mammals ◽  
Smilodon Fatalis

In the late 1960s, a team led by C.S. Churcher and A. MacS. Stalker collected over 1000 vertebrate fossils, mostly representing large herbivorous mammals, from bluffs along the South Saskatchewan River near Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada. The records from this area also include the only documented case of the sabre-toothed cat Smilodon fatalis, but these specimens have not been described or illustrated, and therefore, their identification has never been verified. Here, all felid fossils recovered from the Medicine Hat bluffs are described and identified. We confirm the presence of the machairodontine S. fatalis and three additional taxa: the feline Lynx and the pantherines Panthera cf. P. atrox (American lion) and Panthera cf. P. spelaea (cave lion). Notably, this record of S. fatalis is its first confirmed occurrence in Canada and is a significant northerly range expansion, bringing the global distribution of this species in line with what is typical for a large felid. Should the tentative record of Panthera cf. P. spelaea be correct, this would represent its first occurrence in Alberta and a southeastern range extension, bringing it into the range of P. atrox. The possible presence of both P. atrox and P. spelaea suggests that Late Pleistocene pantherine biogeography in North America may be more complex than previously believed, particularly during relatively warm interglacial periods.

Modelling ecosystem adaptation and dangerous rates of global warming

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Millington ◽  
Peter M. Cox ◽  
Jonathan R. Moore ◽  
Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Genetic Evolution ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Rapid Climate Change ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Intraspecies Competition ◽  
High Trait

Abstract We are in a period of relatively rapid climate change. This poses challenges for individual species and threatens the ecosystem services that humanity relies upon. Temperature is a key stressor. In a warming climate, individual organisms may be able to shift their thermal optima through phenotypic plasticity. However, such plasticity is unlikely to be sufficient over the coming centuries. Resilience to warming will also depend on how fast the distribution of traits that define a species can adapt through other methods, in particular through redistribution of the abundance of variants within the population and through genetic evolution. In this paper, we use a simple theoretical ‘trait diffusion’ model to explore how the resilience of a given species to climate change depends on the initial trait diversity (biodiversity), the trait diffusion rate (mutation rate), and the lifetime of the organism. We estimate theoretical dangerous rates of continuous global warming that would exceed the ability of a species to adapt through trait diffusion, and therefore lead to a collapse in the overall productivity of the species. As the rate of adaptation through intraspecies competition and genetic evolution decreases with species lifetime, we find critical rates of change that also depend fundamentally on lifetime. Dangerous rates of warming vary from 1°C per lifetime (at low trait diffusion rate) to 8°C per lifetime (at high trait diffusion rate). We conclude that rapid climate change is liable to favour short-lived organisms (e.g. microbes) rather than longer-lived organisms (e.g. trees).

Climate Change Alarms the Survival of Near Threatened Species Malayan Giant Squirrel (Ratufa bicolor Sparrman, 1778) in India

Mammal Study ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paromit Chatterjee ◽  
Basudev Tripathy ◽  
Kailash Chandra ◽  
Goutam Kumar Saha ◽  
Krishnendu Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Near Threatened

Potential effects of climate change on the Chinese Bulbul (Pycnontus sinensis) in China

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longying Wen ◽  
Huigen He ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Jimmy Gorimar ◽  
Mark Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Increased Temperature

AbstractThe Chinese Bulbul (Pycnontus sinensis) has an extensive distribution throughout southern China. Investigators have reported that the species has expanded its distribution range northward since 1995. We performed a literature review and analysis to examine the relationships between the range expansion of the species and the changes of climate and habitat. We found that the northward range expansion was associated with the increased temperature and human created habitat. We believe that the combination of the increased temperature and the ability to utilize human created habitat while maintaining genetic diversity resulted in the population increase and range expansion of the species. We suggest that increased temperature and human disturbance could lead to evolutionary and distributional changes of some species such as the Chinese Bulbul, therefore possibly making these species indicators of climate change.

Global climate change and North American mammalian evolution

Paleobiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (sp4) ◽  
pp. 259-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Alroy ◽  
Paul L. Koch ◽  
James C. Zachos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
North American ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Mammalian Evolution
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