scholarly journals Importance of the length of excised optic nerve in enucleations for uveal melanoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
A. Bobic-Radovanovic ◽  
Z. Vlatkovic
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Nerve Invasion ◽  
Uveal Melanomas

The importance of a length of excised optic nerve in eyes enucleated for uveal melanoma isn't finally discussed. We analyzed 473 eyes enucleated for uveal melanoma between 1995. and 2004. at Institute of ophthalmology in Belgrade, 16 (3,7%) of which extended into the optic nerve or its meningeal sheaths. Peripapillary melanomas and large melanomas in eyes with increased intraocular pressure and poor vision were associated with optic nerve invasion. This tumors, as a rule, require an enucleation as a treatment of choice. Authors suggest that a long piece of optic nerve should be excised when eyes with uveal melanomas are enucleated. .

Optic nerve invasion of non-juxtapapillary uveal melanoma: a rare occurrence

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. e234610
Author(s):  
Abhimanyu Sharma ◽  
Dilip K Mishra ◽  
Swathi Kaliki
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Tumour Extension ◽  
Systemic Metastasis ◽  
Nerve Tumour

A 44-year-old man presented with complaints of pain and discomfort in his left eye (OS). On examination, he had bare perception of light in OS and had a diffuse pigmented mass lesion in the nasal quadrant of the bulbar conjunctiva, associated with neovascularisation of the iris and iridocyclitis, with no fundus view. Intraocular pressure OS was 40 mm Hg. B-scan ultrasonography OS revealed an intraocular mass with thickened sclerochoroidal complex. A clinical diagnosis of OS ciliochoroidal melanoma with extraocular extension was made. He underwent OS extended enucleation with implant. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ciliochoroidal melanoma with tumour extension into the optic nerve posteriorly and the extrascleral tissues anteriorly. There was no evidence of systemic metastasis. Even in a case of non-juxtapapillary uveal melanoma, poor vision and high intraocular pressure are clinical indicators of optic nerve tumour invasion.

Optic Nerve Invasion of Uveal Melanoma: Clinical Characteristics and Metastatic Pattern

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 3268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Lindegaard ◽  
Peter Isager ◽  
Jan Ulrik Prause ◽  
Steffen Heegaard
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Metastatic Pattern ◽  
Nerve Invasion

scholarly journals Diagnostic methods and therapeutic options of uveal melanoma with emphasis on MR imaging—Part II: treatment indications and complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Valerio Foti ◽  
Mario Travali ◽  
Renato Farina ◽  
Stefano Palmucci ◽  
Corrado Spatola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Neoplastic Tissue ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Treatment Indications ◽  
Uveal Melanomas

AbstractTherapy of uveal melanoma aims to preserve the eye and its function and to avoid metastatic dissemination. The treatment choice is difficult and must keep into account several factors; the therapeutic strategy of uveal melanoma should therefore be personalized, sometimes requiring to combine different treatment techniques. Nowadays globe-sparing radiotherapy techniques are often preferred to enucleation. Plaque brachytherapy, the most commonly used eye-preserving therapy, is suitable for small- and medium-sized uveal melanomas. Proton beam radiotherapy is indicated for tumours with noticeable size, challenging shape and location, but is more expensive and less available than brachytherapy. Enucleation is currently restricted to advanced tumours, uveal melanomas with orbital or optic nerve involvement, blind and painful eyes because of treatment-related complications (neovascular glaucoma, chronic inflammatory processes). The effect of proton beam therapy on neoplastic tissue is related to direct cytotoxic action of the radiations, impairment of neoplastic vascular supply and immunologic response. Complications after radiotherapy are frequent and numerous and mainly related to tumour thickness, radiation dose and distance between the tumour and optic nerve. The purpose of this pictorial review is to provide the radiologists with awareness about diagnostic methods and therapeutic options of uveal melanoma. In the present second section, we discuss the therapeutic management of uveal melanoma, describing the main ocular-conserving radiotherapic techniques. We subsequently present an overview of the effects of radiations on neoplastic tissue. Lastly, we review ocular complications following radiotherapy that should be evaluated by radiologists during follow-up MRI examinations.

Optic nerve invasion of uveal melanoma. .

Apmis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENS LINDEGAARD ◽  
PETER ISAGER ◽  
JAN ULRIK PRAUSE ◽  
STEFFEN HEEGAARD
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Nerve Invasion

Cauda equina syndrome as the initial presentation of uveal melanoma metastasis

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212094479
Author(s):  
Mostafa Hanout ◽  
Zaid Saeed Kamil ◽  
Mo’ath Alrjoub ◽  
Normand Laperriere ◽  
Filiberto Altomare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Cauda Equina Syndrome ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Urine Retention ◽  
Nerve Invasion

Purpose: Uveal melanoma extension to the central nervous system (CNS) is exceedingly rare, and can occur through optic nerve invasion. We report a rare clinical case that presented with cauda equina syndrome as the initial manifestation of metastasis of choroidal melanoma, and showed neurotropic extension by histopathology. Our patient did not demonstrate any evidence of systemic metastasis otherwise. Observations: A 60-year-old male patient with treated choroidal melanoma in his right eye, with presumed clinical control, developed radiation-induced neovascular glaucoma refractory to medical therapy. The eye required enucleation for pain control. One month post-enucleation, he presented to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, urine retention, constipation, and leg weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine showed extensive leptomeningeal involvement along the entire spinal cord and the cauda equina. On further inquisition, the patient noted prior visual field defect in the contralateral eye. Brain MRI revealed intracranial metastasis with chiasmal involvement. The patient underwent radiotherapy for the brain and spine to improve his symptoms, and was ultimately transferred to palliative care. Conclusion and importance: Optic nerve invasion in uveal melanoma may lead to neurotropic spread of melanoma cells with risk of intracranial and spinal cord metastasis. Neurological symptoms should raise the suspicion of clinicians regarding this complication, which is associated with increased melanoma-related mortality.

scholarly journals The Impact of Intraocular Pressure Elevation on Optic Nerve Head and Choroidal Blood Flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 3488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Kiyota ◽  
Yukihiro Shiga ◽  
Kohei Ichinohasama ◽  
Masayuki Yasuda ◽  
Naoko Aizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Choroidal Blood Flow ◽  
Pressure Elevation ◽  
Intraocular Pressure Elevation ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Profile of Secondary Glaucoma at a Tertiary Hospital in East Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Evelyn Komaratih ◽  
Yuyun Rindiastuti ◽  
Yulia Primitasari
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Surgical Complication ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. The aim of this study was to review the profile of secondary glaucoma cases visiting a tertiary hospital in East Java. This is retrospective observational study, completed case records of new patients with secondary glaucoma who presented to glaucoma clinic from January 2014 to April 2016 were included. Out of the 363 case records screened, 66 cases were found to eligible for inclusion. The evaluation included a detailed history and examination performed including vision, anterior segment examination, intraocular pressure (IOP), gonioscopy, and fundus evaluation. Diagnosis of secondary glaucoma was made on the basis of presence of a secondary cause for presence of raised IOP. 66 cases were eligible for inclusion in the study, most of the cases was occurred in the range age 21-50 years. The male female ratio was 1.3:1. Frequent causes of secondary glaucoma were lens factor 30.8%, steroid induced 29.5%, uveitic 20.5%, neovascular15.4%, and surgical complication 3.8%. Most patients with secondary glaucoma have poor vision < 0.1 with high IOP at presentation. Assessment and early detection of underlying cause is the key guide to treatment strategy.

scholarly journals Retrobulbar diameter of optic nerve in glaucoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Ivan Stefanovic ◽  
Ivan Marjanovic ◽  
Gordana Vlajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
Pearson Test ◽  
Two Parameters

Introduction. The ultrasound diagnostics of the optic nerve includes the analysis of the optic nerve disc (PNO) and measuring of its retrobulbar diameter. With B-scan, by Schraeder's method, it is possible to measure very precisely the optic nerve, the pial diameter, the normal values for the pial diameter being 2.8-4.1 mm. In glaucoma, the disease that is most frequently associated with higher intraocular pressure, there comes the destruction of nerve fibres, which can be visualized as the excavation of the optic nerve disc. Objective. In this paper, we were interested in finding whether in glaucoma, and in what phase of the disease, the optic nerve starts growing thinner. Aware of many forms of this very complex disease, we were interested in knowing if the visualization of excavation on the optic nerve disc is related to diminishing of the pial diameter of the retrobulbar nerve part. Methods. There were treated the patients who had already had the diagnosis of glaucoma and the visualized excavation of the optic disc of various dimensions. Echographically, there was measured the thickness of the retrobulbar part of the optic nerve and the finding compared in relation to the excavation of the optic disc. Results. In all eyes with glaucoma, a normal size of the retrobulbar part of the optic nerve was measured, ranging from 3.01 to 3.91 mm with the median of 3.36 mm. Also, by testing the correlation between the thickness of the optic nerve and the excavation of the PNO, by Pearson test, we found that there was no correlation between these two parameters (r=0.109; p>0.05). Conclusion. In the patients with glaucoma, the retrobulbar part of the optic nerve is not thinner (it has normal values), even not in the cases with a totally excavated optic disc. There is no connection between the size of the PNO excavation and the thickness of the retrobulbar part of the optic nerve.

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