scholarly journals Atypical, polyarticular lipoma arborescens in a child

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 650-653
Author(s):  
Robert Semnic ◽  
Radoje Simic ◽  
Slavisa Djuricic ◽  
Oto Adjic ◽  
Filip Vanhoenacker
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Lipoma Arborescens ◽  
Diagnostic Protocol ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Lipoma arborescens is a rare, tumor-like lesion commonly involving synovial joints and less commonly bursae and synovial tendon sheaths. Case Outline. We report a case of a 12-year-old boy with symmetric involvement of the bicipitoradial bursae, synovial sheaths of extensor compartments of both hands and medial ankles. The diagnosis of polyarticular lipoma arborescens was proposed on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and this diagnosis was histologically proven after biopsy of the bursae and later by open surgery of the synovial sheath of the right ankle tendons. Literature search was performed and twelve cases with polyarticular involvement were analyzed. Lipoma arborescens commonly involves suprapatellar recess of the knee and very rarely other joints or bursae. Histological analysis revealed an accompanying non-necrotizing granulomatous synovial inflammation. Conclusion. Polyarticular lipoma arborescens is a rare entity and symmetrical involvement of the joints other than the knees is exceedingly rare. MR imaging plays a significant role in the diagnostic protocol, and the characteristic fatty signal on MR imaging is highly suggestive of lipoma arborescens.

Pediatric orbital schwannoma originating from the oculomotor nerve

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Nagashima ◽  
Kazuki Yamamoto ◽  
Atsufumi Kawamura ◽  
Tatsuya Nagashima ◽  
Koji Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Pathological Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Orbital Tumors ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Transcranial Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomography Scanning

Intraorbital schwannoma is a rare tumor that constitutes approximately 1%–8% of all orbital tumors. The authors report a case of orbital schwannoma in a 5-year-old boy who was admitted to their institute with exophthalmos and ptosis of the right eye. Computed tomography scanning and MR imaging revealed a retroocular mass in the right orbit. The tumor was successfully removed via a transcranial approach. The pathological diagnosis was schwannoma that appeared to originate from the superior branch of the oculomotor nerve. Despite the rarity of these intraorbital extraocular tumors in children, schwannomas should be differentiated from other intraorbital tumors.

scholarly journals High-resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging and histological analysis of capsuloligamentous complex of the first metatarsophalangeal joint

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-e Wang ◽  
Rong-jie Bai ◽  
Hui-li Zhan ◽  
Wen-ting Li ◽  
Zhan-hua Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Central Portion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Plantar Plate

Abstract Background There are discrepancies in the understanding of the structure of the capsuloligamentous complex of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ); this study aims to investigate the differences with previous anatomical reports of high-resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological analysis in illustrating the structure of the capsuloligamentous complex of the first MTPJ. Methods Nine fresh frozen cadaveric feet specimens (from two women and three men; aged 32 to 58 years) were used in this study. All specimens underwent MR examination with T1-weighted imaging and T2-weighted spectral attenuated inversion recovery in three planes. Subsequently, all cadaveric feet specimens were sliced into 2-mm-thick sections. The MRI features of the capsuloligamentous complex of the first MTPJ were analyzed in these specimens. Hematoxylin–eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining methods were used to explore the histologic features of the capsuloligamentous complex of the first MTPJ. Results Different from most previous studies, our results showed that the plantar plate could be divided into four portions including the central portion of the plantar plate, the intersesamoid, the sesamoid phalangeal and the metatarsosesamoid ligaments. The normal central portion of the plantar plate could be clearly visualized in the sagittal and coronal plane MR images. The intersesamoid ligament is a continuation of the central portion of the plantar plate on the sagittal plane on the gross specimen, the MR imaging, and the histological examination. On the coronal plane of the gross specimen and MR imaging, the sesamoid phalangeal ligaments and the central portion of the plantar plate can be seen as separate ligaments, but they appeared interwoven with the same continuous collagenous fibers on the histological analysis. Conclusion High-resolution 3T MRI allows accurate demonstration of the different anatomical details of the capsuloligamentous complex of the first MTPJ from previous anatomical reports. The histological analysis provides further understanding of the structures of the capsuloligamentous complex of the first MTPJ from previous studies.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Appearance of Pulmonary Type of Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuechao Du ◽  
Pengtao Sun ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Yuchang Yan ◽  
Zhenyu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Ovary

: The pulmonary type of primary small cell carcinoma of the ovary (SCCOPT) is a rare aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, usually occurring in postmenopausal women. Few literatures have emphasized on the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features. In this paper, we analyze its MR imaging findings in combination with pathological manifestations. We report a case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and distension. Several tumor markers were elevated. MR scan of the pelvis was performed. It revealed a heterogeneous lobulated mass with solid and cystic components originating from the right adnexa. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histology showed a tumor comprising areas of classical small-cell carcinoma, and SCCOPT was diagnosed based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. SCCOPT is a rare aggressive malignancy with certain characteristic imaging features. The solid component exhibits slightly higher signal on T2-weighted imaging with fat suppression, restricted diffusion on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, and honeycomb-like persistent enhancement. More data are needed to better understand its specific imaging manifestations.

Magnetic resonance appearance of multiple intracranial epidermoid cysts: intrathecal seeding of the cysts?

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Miyagi ◽  
Satoshi O. Suzuki ◽  
Toru Iwaki ◽  
Katsuya Ishido ◽  
Takehisa Araki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Chronic Headaches ◽  
Cyst Rupture ◽  
Intracranial Epidermoid ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A 44-year-old man presented to the hospital with multiple intracranial epidermoid cysts. The clinical manifestations of his disease included chronic headaches and one seizurelike episode. Findings determined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, surgery, and histological analysis indicated intrathecal and intraventricular seeding of the cysts. Spontaneous (nontraumatic) seeding of multiple daughter cysts from intracranial epidermoid cysts is still very rare and their multiple appearances on MR imaging should be distinguished from the simple scattering of oily contents due to cyst rupture.

Kernohan's notch in chronic subdural hematoma: findings on magnetic resonance imaging

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichi Itoyama ◽  
Shodo Fujioka ◽  
Yukitaka Ushio
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Supratentorial Mass

✓ A 69-year-old man presented with mild left-sided hemiparesis of 2 years' duration. A computerized tomography scan revealed a left-sided chronic subdural hematoma and a midline shift to the right. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging obtained on admission to the hospital also disclosed a deformity of the right crus cerebri. After drainage and irrigation of the hematoma through a single burr hole, the left hemiparesis improved significantly. Magnetic resonance imaging performed 9 days after the operation revealed that the size of the subdural hematoma had diminished and the deformity of the crus cerebri had improved markedly. Kernohan's notch, caused by a supratentorial mass and producing ipsilateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia, is rarely demonstrated radiographically. This may be the first reported case in which Kernohan's notch in chronic subdural hematoma has been demonstrated on MR imaging.

Image-guided convection-enhanced delivery of gemcitabine to the brainstem

2007 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. A. Murad ◽  
Stuart Walbridge ◽  
Paul F. Morrison ◽  
Nicholas Szerlip ◽  
John A. Butman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Quantitative Autoradiography ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Convection Enhanced Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Object To determine if the potent antiglioma chemotherapeutic agent gemcitabine could be delivered to the brainstem safely at therapeutic doses while monitoring its distribution using a surrogate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging tracer, the authors used convection-enhanced delivery to perfuse the primate brainstem with gemcitabine and Gd–diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). Methods Six primates underwent convective brainstem perfusion with gemcitabine (0.4 mg/ml; two animals), Gd-DTPA (5 mM; two animals), or a coinfusion of gemcitabine (0.4 mg/ml) and Gd-DTPA (5 mM; two animals), and were killed 28 days afterward. These primates were observed over time clinically (six animals), and with MR imaging (five animals), quantitative autoradiography (one animal), and histological analysis (all animals). In an additional primate, 3H-gemcitabine and Gd-DTPA were coinfused and the animal was killed immediately afterward. In the primates there was no histological evidence of infusate-related tissue toxicity. Magnetic resonance images obtained during infusate delivery demonstrated that the anatomical region infused with Gd-DTPA was clearly distinguishable from surrounding noninfused tissue. Quantitative autoradiography confirmed that Gd-DTPA tracked the distribution of 3H-gemcitabine and closely approximated its volume of distribution (mean volume of distribution difference 13.5%). Conclusions Gemcitabine can be delivered safely and effectively to the primate brainstem at therapeutic concentrations and at volumes that are higher than those considered clinically relevant. Moreover, MR imaging can be used to track the distribution of gemcitabine by adding Gd-DTPA to the infusate. This delivery paradigm should allow for direct therapeutic application of gemcitabine to brainstem gliomas while monitoring its distribution to ensure effective tumor coverage and to maximize safety.

Reversible cortical auditory dysfunction caused by cerebral vasospasm after ruptured aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and evaluated by perfusion magnetic resonance imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaharu Tabuchi ◽  
Mitsutoshi Kadowaki ◽  
Takashi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Auditory Dysfunction ◽  
The Right

✓ A 52-year-old woman developed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by a ruptured right internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm. Because of the aneurysm configuration, the authors decided to delay surgery and instead undertook serial imaging studies of the aneurysm. The patient remained alert but developed acute bilateral deafness on Day 7. Audiological examination and auditory brainstem responses suggested that the hearing disturbance was cortical in origin. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) angiography showed severe vasospasm in the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and moderate vasospasm in the left ICA and MCA. Three-tesla magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed 2 days after the onset of symptoms. Diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted MR images showed an acute infarction in the right insular cortex caused by vasospasm. Perfusion-weighted MR imaging, particularly mean transit time mapping, revealed hypoperfusion in both temporal lobes including the auditory cortex and right auditory radiation. The vasospasm was treated with induction of mild hypertension and hypervolemia. Follow-up MR images, 3D CT angiograms, and audiometry performed 2 weeks after the first examination showed recovery of vasospasm and resolution of perfusion abnormality and hearing disturbance. On Day 26, the aneurysm was successfully occluded with clips and the patient was discharged with no deficits. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of reversible cortical auditory dysfunction purely due to bilateral cerebral vasospasm detected using perfusion MR imaging after SAH.

Successful and safe perfusion of the primate brainstem: in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of macromolecular distribution during infusion

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell R. Lonser ◽  
Stuart Walbridge ◽  
Kayhan Garmestani ◽  
John A. Butman ◽  
Hugh A. Walters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Convection Enhanced Delivery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Molecular Weight ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Intrinsic disease processes of the brainstem (gliomas, neurodegenerative disease, and others) have remained difficult or impossible to treat effectively because of limited drug penetration across the blood—brainstem barrier with conventional delivery methods. The authors used convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of a macromolecular tracer visible on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to examine the utility of CED for safe perfusion of the brainstem. Methods. Three primates (Macaca mulatta) underwent CED of various volumes of infusion ([Vis]; 85, 110, and 120 µl) of Gd-bound albumin (72 kD) in the pontine region of the brainstem during serial MR imaging. Infusate volume of distribution (Vd), homogeneity, and anatomical distribution were visualized and quantified using MR imaging. Neurological function was observed and recorded up to 35 days postinfusion. Histological analysis was performed in all animals. Large regions of the pons and midbrain were successfully and safely perfused with the macromolecular protein. The Vd was linearly proportional to the Vi (R2 = 0.94), with a Vd/Vi ratio of 8.7 ± 1.2 (mean ± standard deviation). Furthermore, the concentration across the perfused region was homogeneous. The Vd increased slightly at 24 hours after completion of the infusion, and remained larger until the intensity of infusion faded (by Day 7). No animal exhibited a neurological deficit after infusion. Histological analysis revealed normal tissue architecture and minimal gliosis that was limited to the region immediately surrounding the cannula track. Conclusions. First, CED can be used to perfuse the brainstem safely and effectively with macromolecules. Second, a large-molecular-weight imaging tracer can be used successfully to deliver, monitor in vivo, and control the distribution of small- and large-molecular-weight putative therapeutic agents for treatment of intrinsic brainstem processes.

Transient cerebellar mutism caused by bilateral damage to the dentate nuclei after the second posterior fossa surgery

2006 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Kusano ◽  
Yuichiro Tanaka ◽  
Hiroshi Takasuna ◽  
Naomichi Wada ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Posterior Fossa Surgery ◽  
Cerebellar Tumor ◽  
Cerebellar Mutism ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
The Right ◽  
Normal Speech

✓The authors report on the case of a 6-year-old boy who underwent resection of a midline cerebellar tumor. The boy was able to speak fluently after the operation. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed that the right dentate nucleus had been partially removed along with the tumor, but that the left dentate nucleus remained with the residual tumor. A second operation was performed to remove the residue, after which the child suffered mutism. Three weeks postsurgery, he could only communicate through gestures. He started speaking 1 week later and regained normal speech 2 months after the operation. Final MR imaging revealed gross-total removal of the tumor and dentate nucleus on the injured left side. The cerebellar mutism was considered to have been caused by bilateral damage to the dentate nuclei and not by unilateral damage.

Moyamoya Syndrome in a Child with β-Thalassemia Major

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 214-216
Author(s):  
Soumya Roy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Moyamoya Syndrome ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiogram ◽  
Joint Contractures ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
The Right

AbstractA 9-year-old girl patient presented with left-sided weakness and joint contractures developing over a period of 18 months. She was known to be suffering from β-thalassemia major and was on regular blood transfusions. Eighteen months ago, she had suffered from an episode of ischemic cerebrovascular accident affecting the right side of her brain. Magnetic resonance angiogram revealed vaso-occlusive disease affecting mainly the anterior cerebral circulation, resembling Moyamoya disease. She was advised to carry out regular physiotherapy but her parents discontinued it, which resulted in the gradual development of joint contractures and muscle wasting.

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