scholarly journals Treatment of subacute hepatitis B with lamivudine: A pilot study in Serbia

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Delic ◽  
Zorica Nesic ◽  
Milica Prostran ◽  
Ivan Boricic ◽  
Neda Svirtlih
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Fulminant Hepatic Failure ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Subacute Hepatitis ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Acute Hepatitis B

Background/Aim. The incidence of acute hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection in adults has increased in recent years in Serbia. Most icteric patients with acute hepatitis B resolve their infection and do not require treatment. Fulminant hepatitis B is a severe form of acute infection complicated by encephalopathy and liver failure. Subgroups of fulminant hepatitis B including hyperacute, acute and subacute are defined by the interval between jaundice and encephalopathy. Fulminant hepatic failure or subacute hepatitis B infection we observed in about 1% of all cases. In cases of fulminant hepatic failure or subacute form of HBV infection orthotopic liver transplantation can be life-saving operation, but in our country this procedure is difficult to achieve. Lamivudine has been established as a safe and effective antiviral agent for the treatment of chronic HBV hepatitis. Methods. In our pilot study performed at the Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases in Belgrade, Serbia in the period between 2002 and 2006 we treated 10 patients with clinically verified subacute HBV infection with lamivudine, 100 mg orally per day. Results. The most of the treated patients (9/10; 90%) survived subacute form of hepatitis B. After a few weeks of the treatment serum aminotransferase levels and other liver-function tests were normalized. Also, after a four-month lamivudine treatment all the patients lost HBsAg. Lamivudine was discontinued after six months in all the patients. In addition, six months after lamivudine was discontinued the patients remained well with normal results on liver-function tests. Conclusion. The obtained results suggest significant efficacy of lamivudine in patients with subacute hepatitis B. Also, we suggest that lamivudine therapy should be administered early in progression of subacute disease since it could be life-saving treatment in some patients, especially in the countries (like Serbia) where orthotopic liver transplantation is difficult to achieve.

scholarly journals AB0277 PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS MARKERS IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH BIOLOGICAL DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS: RESULTS OF THE TUNISIAN REGISTRY BINAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1437.1-1438
Author(s):  
A. Fazaa ◽  
H. Boussaa ◽  
S. Miladi ◽  
K. Ouenniche ◽  
L. Souabni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Hbs Ag

Background:In the recent decades, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) have significantly improved management and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA).However, bDMARDs have also a strong influence on the immune system, leading to a risk of serious infection. Reactivation of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus is one of the most redoubtable complications of these immunosuppressive agents.Objectives:The aims of this study were to determine the screening rate for hepatitis B and C before starting a biological treatment and to examine the prevalence of their markers in patients with RA or SpA.Methods:Our study evaluated all patients included in the Tunisian registry BINAR (Biologic National Registry) since 2018 who had RA (ACR/EULAR 2010) or SpA (ASAS criteria) aged with more than eighteen years old and receiving their first bDMARDs during the two past years.The following information were retrieved from the registry: demographic data on the patients, disease parameters, medication, HBV surface antigen (HBs Ag), antibody to HBs Ag (Anti HBs), antibody to HBV core antigen (Anti HBc), HBV-DNA, antibody to HCV (anti HCV) status and liver function tests (AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT:alanine aminotransferase).Results:A total of 298 patients was included, 111 men and 178 women, with a mean age of 49.2 ± 14.1 years old [18-79]. Among them, 58.7% were diagnosed with RA and 41.3% were diagnosed with SpA. The mean disease duration was 6.7±3.5 years [1-12] in patients with RA and 6.5±3 [1-12] in patients with SpA. The mean Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) were respectively of 4.9±1.5 [1-8] and 4.1±1.8 [0-9].Therapeutically, 167 patients (56%) were on Prednisone at a mean daily posology of 8.2±5.4 mg [4-60] and 70.3% on conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drug (csDMARD) in association with bDMARDs. It was about Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha antibodies (anti TNF a) in 87.9% of cases, Tocilizumab in 10.4% of cases and Rituximab in 5% of cases.A screening of HBV was performed in 286 patients (96%). Ag HBs was positive in two cases (0.7%), and anti-HBc was positive in 16 cases (6.4%) which indicate a prior HBV infection. Fifteen patients (6%) were immunized with positive anti HBs. HBV-DNA was measured in 177 cases (66.8%) and was positive in 15 patients (6%).HCV infection was searched in 282 patients (94.6%) and anti-HCV was negative in all cases.AST and ALT mean rates were respectively of 18.3 [2-108] and 17.9 UI/l [2-74]. A perturbation of these liver function tests was observed in 13 patients (4.4%).Conclusion:Screening for hepatitis B and C were performed respectively in 96% and 94% of our Tunisian patients before receiving any bDMARDs. This should be systematic to avoid HBV reactivation which can lead to fulminant hepatic failure with a severe prognosis.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Greek patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV): a pilot study

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Zachou ◽  
Christos Liaskos ◽  
Eirini Makri ◽  
Georgios Dalekos
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B

scholarly journals Evaluation of Liver Function tests (AST & ALT) in Patients with Hepatitis B and C in Tabriz-Iran (2013)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Sarakhs Asbaghi ◽  
Kazem Ghahreman Zadeh ◽  
Taher Faraj Zadeh ◽  
Javid Lotfi Attari ◽  
Zahra Javan Masoomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Function Tests

scholarly journals A case of acute hepatitis B on the patient of primary biliary cirrhosis who was registered for the brain-death donor liver transplantation

Kanzo ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Hirae ◽  
Takehisa Watanabe ◽  
Yoko Yoshimaru ◽  
Takeshi Kawasaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Izumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Donor Liver ◽  
Donor Liver Transplantation ◽  
Acute Hepatitis B ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Acute Hepatitis B Co-infection in HIV-Infected Patients Despite Prior Hepatitis B Vaccination

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rolland ◽  
L. Antonova ◽  
J. Powis ◽  
T. Murdoch ◽  
D. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis B

Clinicians often assume that patients vaccinated for hepatitis B virus (HBV) have immunity. We report three cases of acute HBV infection in HBV-vaccinated HIV patients. These cases illustrate that patients at an elevated risk of HBV exposure presenting with acute hepatitis should be tested for HBV infection regardless of previous vaccination status.

scholarly journals Baseline Quantitative Hepatitis B Core Antibody Titer Is a Predictor for Hepatitis B Virus Infection Recurrence After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Lou ◽  
Guanghua Ma ◽  
Feifei LV ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
Fanjie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Orthotopic Liver Transplantation ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hbsag Loss ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
B Virus

ObjectiveHepatitis B virus (HBV) reinfection is a serious complication that arise in patients who undergo hepatitis B virus related liver transplantation. We aimed to use biomarkers to evaluate the HBV reinfection in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsSeventy-nine patients who underwent liver transplantation between 2009 and 2015 were enrolled, and levels of biomarkers were analyzed at different time points. Cox regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of different markers at baseline were used to analyze sustained hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the levels of the biomarkers.ResultsAmong the 79 patients, 42 sustained HBsAg loss with a median time of 65.2 months (12.0-114.5, IQR 19.5) after liver transplantation and 37 patients exhibited HBsAg recurrence with a median time of 8.8 (0.47-59.53, IQR 19.47) months. In the ROC curve analysis, at baseline, 4.25 log10 IU/mL qHBcAb and 2.82 log10 IU/mL qHBsAg showed the maximum Youden’s index values with area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.685and 0.651, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier method indicated that qHBsAg and quantitative antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (qHBcAb) levels in the two groups were significantly different (p = 0.031 and 0.006, respectively). Furthermore, the Cox regression model confirmed the predictive ability of qHBcAb at baseline (AUC = 0.685).ConclusionLower pretransplantation qHBcAb is associated with HBV infection. The baseline concentration of qHBcAb is a promising predictor for the recurrence of HBV in patients undergoing liver transplantation and can be used to guide antiviral treatment for HBV infection.

Optimizing the Management of Abnormal Liver Function Tests after Orthotopic Liver Transplant: A Systems-Based Analysis of Health Care Utilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1152-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara A. Russell ◽  
Stephanie A. K. Angarita ◽  
Amy Showen ◽  
Vatche Agopian ◽  
Ronald W. Busuttil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Orthotopic Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Acute Cellular Rejection ◽  
Diagnostic Workup ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Cellular Rejection

Elevated liver function tests (eLFTs) are a major cause of unplanned readmissions (UR) after orthotopic liver transplantation. Diagnostic workup for eLFTs requires multiple invasive and noninvasive procedures, often done in the inpatient setting to expedite diagnosis, yet consequently resulting in increased costs. In this study, we evaluated eLFT readmissions at a single institution with respect to resource utilization. From 3/2013 to 12/2015, 388 patients underwent orthotopic liver transplantation, resulting in 463 UR totaling 5833 bed days; 87 (18.8%) UR and 929 (15.9%) bed days were for eLFTs. During eLFT-UR all patients underwent repeat laboratory testing, 75 (86.2%) liver ultrasound, 66 (75.8%) liver biopsy, and 17 (19.5%) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Discharge diagnoses were acute cellular rejection (40.2%), transaminitis not otherwise specified (17.2%), biliary complications (16.1%), recurrent hepatitis (11.5%), vascular complications (5.8%), viral hepatitis (5.8%), and steatohepatitis (3.5%). The greatest bed-day utilization was secondary to acute cellular rejection (60.8%) and biliary complications (13.7%). More than 35 per cent of eLFT-UR were due to transaminitis not otherwise specified, steatohepatitis, recurrent or viral hepatitis, none of which necessitate inpatient treatment. In addition, >25 per cent of eLFT-UR bed days were attributed to diagnostic workup. Identifying patients who can undergo expedited outpatient workup and require only outpatient management will result in significantly decreased readmissions, bed days, and hospital costs.

scholarly journals Famciclovir treatment of hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation: A pilot study

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krüger ◽  
Hans Ludger Tillmann ◽  
Christian Trautwein ◽  
Ulrike Bode ◽  
Karl Oldhafer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize an HLA-A2-restricted epitope within the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid antigen.

1991 ◽  
Vol 174 (6) ◽  
pp. 1565-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Penna ◽  
F V Chisari ◽  
A Bertoletti ◽  
G Missale ◽  
P Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Ctl Response ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis B

The absence of readily manipulable experimental systems to study the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens has thus far precluded a definitive demonstration of the role played by this response in the pathogenesis of liver cell injury and viral clearance during HBV infection. To circumvent the problem that HBV infection of human cells in vitro for production of stimulator/target systems for CTL analysis is not feasible, a panel of 22 overlapping synthetic peptides covering the entire amino acid sequence of the HBV core (HBcAg) and e (HBeAg) antigens were used to induce and to analyze the HBV nucleocapsid-specific CTL response in nine patients with acute hepatitis B, six patients with chronic active hepatitis B, and eight normal controls. By using this approach, we have identified an HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitope, located within the NH2-terminal region of the HBV core molecule, which is shared with the e antigen and is readily recognized by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with self-limited acute hepatitis B but less efficiently in chronic HBV infection. Our study provides the first direct evidence of HLA class I-restricted T cell cytotoxicity against HBV in humans. Furthermore, the different response in HBV-infected subjects who successfully clear the virus (acute patients) in comparison with patients who do not succeed (chronic patients) suggests a pathogenetic role for this CTL activity in the clearance of HBV infection.

P.042 Studies on the control of HBV infection in a mouse model of acute hepatitis B

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. S73
Author(s):  
M. Svorcova ◽  
A. Untergasser ◽  
U. Drebber ◽  
O. Utermoehlen ◽  
U. Protzer
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Acute Hepatitis B
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