scholarly journals The association between conative functioning of adolescents exposed to intimate partner violence and family dimensions of cohesion and adaptibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 913-920
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Simonovic-Grujic
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Dissociative Reactions

B?ckground/Aim. Childhood exposure to various types of emotional, physical and sexual abuse in intimate partner violence (IPV) families is associated with difficulties in emotional and social adjustment, including conduct problems, internalized and externalized symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between intimate partner violence and: family system functioning (cohesion and adaptability), conative functioning of adolescents and risk of psychopathological symptomatology development. The specific aim of this study was to establish the mental hygiene and preventive measures in order to reduce the negative consequences of growing up in the IPV families. Methods. The study was done on a sample of 308 adolescents, aged 15?18 years, divided into the IPV group (n = 68 adolescents growing up in families with the IPV and exposed to IPV in which the violence was reported and processed), and the control group (n = 240 adolescents coming from families in which there was not found any type of violence or psychosocial pathology on the basis of the results obtained on the Conners' Parent Rating Scale?Revised (CPRS-R) Questionnaire. The Faces III scale of measurement was used for measuring the dimensions of family functioning, and Cybernetic model of conative dimensions of personality (CON-6) for conative functioning of adolescents. The data was processed by using the discriminate and linear regressive analysis. Results. The adolescents growing up in the families with the IPV and exposed to IPV showed the statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) in conative functioning: psychosomatic ? = -.509, anxiety ? = -.393, aggressive ? = -.398, dissociative ? = -.509 and adaptive personality reactions ? = -.455, as compared to the control group. There was 32.35% of adolescents exposed to IPV who showed the pronounced pathological values regarding social-adaption reaction, 23.53% regarding pathological anxiety and 23.53% dissociative reactions. The greatest negative relationship was found between intimate partner violence and family dimension of cohesion (? = -0.605, p < 0.01). Conclusion. Adolescents growing up and being exposed to the intimate partner violence were significantly associated with changes in the conative functioning and risk of externalized and internalized symptoms development in socially-adaptive, anxiety and dissociative reactions and the need to introduce the preventive mental-hygienic measures. The mediator between IPV and conative functioning of adolescents was family cohesion.

scholarly journals Transfers, Behavior Change Communication, and Intimate Partner Violence: Postprogram Evidence from Rural Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Roy ◽  
Melissa Hidrobo ◽  
John Hoddinott ◽  
Akhter Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behavior Change Communication ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Nutrition Behavior

Transfer programs have been shown to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV), but little evidence exists on how activities linked to transfers affect IPV or what happens when programs end. We assess postprogram impacts on IPV of randomly assigning women in Bangladesh to receive cash or food, with or without nutrition behavior change communication (BCC). Six to ten months postprogram, IPV did not differ between women receiving transfers and a control group; however, women receiving transfers with BCC experienced 26% less physical violence. Evidence on mechanisms suggests sustained effects of BCC on women's “threat points,” men's social costs of violence, and household well-being.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Romantic Relationships

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1038-1046
Author(s):  
Octav-Sorin Candel ◽  
Mihaela Jitaru
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emotional Safety

Since the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted most people’s activities and relationships. Romantic relationships are a crucial source of fulfillment and emotional safety for many individuals. However, due to the risk of illness and the social distancing norms, human interaction, even inside one’s couple or family, suffered great changes. Some of these changes have the potential of disrupting people’s relational or psychological well-being, but they can also have positive impacts. On the other hand, one of the most negative consequences is the growing number of intimate partner violence (IPV) incidents. Considering all these aspects, therapy would be beneficial for those affected.

Effectiveness of a Prison-Based Treatment Program for Male Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Criminal Recidivism

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988564
Author(s):  
Susan McNeeley
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Violent Offenses

Despite increasing interest in programming for perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV), the literature provides weak support for the effectiveness of these interventions. However, there are few studies that evaluate programs offered to felony IPV offenders who are serving prison sentences. This study uses a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of a prison-based implementation of a popular IPV intervention in reducing general and offense-specific recidivism among 169 men released from state prison in 2017. Because recidivism data were collected through early March 2019, the average follow-up period was approximately 20 months for both the control group and experimental group. Observable selection bias was minimized by using propensity score matching to create a comparison group of 169 nonparticipants released in 2017 who were not significantly different from the program participants. Cox regression models were used to predict general rearrest, reconviction, reincarceration, and supervised release revocation, as well as rearrest and reconviction for any violent offenses and rearrest and reconviction for domestic violence offenses in particular. No significant differences in any type of recidivism were found between the comparison group and those who participated in treatment, regardless of whether the participant completed or failed to complete the program. The findings suggest that the intervention is no more successful when offered within prisons than when offered in the community. The study concludes by making recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of prison-based domestic violence programming.

Constituting child-to-parent violence: Lessons from England and Wales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Holt ◽  
Sam Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
National Study ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
Domestic Violence And Abuse

Abstract This paper draws upon the first national study of local responses to child-to-parent violence (CPV) in England and Wales to examine emergent representations of CPV and consider their implications for children and families. Central amongst these is the Government’s depiction of CPV as a form of ‘domestic violence and abuse’. For many individuals and organizations, that term is synonymous with intimate partner violence. We contend that the resulting conflation of (and confusion between) violence by intimate partners, and by children, towards women is producing dominant representations of CPV that may have negative consequences for families. Our research with over 200 practitioners reveals the existence of subjugated knowledges of CPV, however, that provide pockets of resistance to these dominant representations.

Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence: A Multilevel Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse J. Thulin ◽  
Justin E. Heinze ◽  
Yasamin Kusunoki ◽  
Hsing-Fang Hsieh ◽  
Marc A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Neighborhood Violence

Within a lifetime, one in four women and more than one in 10 men will experience intimate partner violence (IPV). Researchers have begun to examine physical and social neighborhood risk factors of IPV, often using cross-sectional data. Most studies focus on risk or promotive factors. Often, neighborhood factors are studied through the lens of social disorganization theory, which focuses on how a neighborhood slips into a violent and crime-ridden place. Busy streets theory provides an alternative perspective, focusing on how building up community assets and resources may help create a safe and vibrant neighborhood. A conceptual approach that utilizes risk and promotive neighborhood variables may help develop new conceptual frameworks for understanding how context may decrease risk for, or moderate, the negative consequences of IPV. Using five waves of data from a 24-year longitudinal study, we employ multilevel linear regression models to examine the trajectory of IPV experiences in relation to positive perceptions of neighborhood, neighborhood cohesion, and informal social control in individuals aged 28 to 33 years. We control for the neighborhood and individual-level risk factors of alcohol consumption, drug use, observed neighborhood violence, and demographic factors of age, race, sex, and socioeconomic status. We found that positive perceptions of neighborhood, alcohol consumption, drug use, economic need, and observed neighborhood violence are associated with IPV. Levels of IPV risk were relatively constant within individuals across waves, but varied significantly between individuals. The measure of positive perceptions of neighborhood is derived from busy streets theory, which may be a useful conceptual framework for understanding how neighborhoods may contribute to positive social contexts that can protect residents from IPV experiences, and potentially other violent behavior. Additional research examining promotive social neighborhood features derived from busy streets theory may help expand our understanding of contextual factors that affect IPV.

scholarly journals The Effect of Prescription Drugs and Alcohol Consumption on Intimate Partner Violence Victim Blaming

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4747
Author(s):  
Gemma Sáez ◽  
Manuel J. Ruiz ◽  
Gabriel Delclós-López ◽  
Francisca Expósito ◽  
Sergio Fernández-Artamendi
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Self Blame

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a public health problem with harsh consequences for women’s well-being. Social attitudes towards victims of IPV have a big impact on the perpetuation of this phenomenon. Moreover, specific problems such as the abuse of alcohol and drugs by IPV victims could have an effect on blame attributions towards them. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the external perception (Study 1) and self-perception (Study 2) of blame were influenced by the victims’ use and abuse of alcohol or by the victims’ use of psychotropic prescription drugs. Results of the first study (N = 136 participants) showed a significantly higher blame attribution towards female victims with alcohol abuse compared to those without it. No significant differences were found on blame attributed to those with psychotropic prescription drugs abuse and the control group. Results of the second study (N = 195 female victims of interpersonal violence) showed that alcohol consumption is associated with higher self-blame and self-blame cognitions among IPV victims. However, results did not show significant differences on self-blame associated to the victims’ use of psychotropic prescription drugs. Our findings indicate that alcohol consumption, but not prescription drugs use, plays a relevant role in the attribution of blame by general population and self-blame by victims of IPV.

Growing up in the context of intimate partner violence: Experiences and meanings for adolescents in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 105220
Author(s):  
Jenniffer K. Miranda ◽  
Camila Domedel ◽  
Marcelo A. Crockett ◽  
Estrella Azócar ◽  
Kitty Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Growing Up

Effectiveness of Primary Prevention Efforts for Intimate Partner Violence

Partner Abuse ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Whitaker ◽  
Christopher M. Murphy ◽  
Christopher I. Eckhardt ◽  
Amanda E. Hodges ◽  
Melissa Cowart
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Based ◽  
Prevention Studies ◽  
Program Content

This article presents a systematic review of intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention studies. Using electronic databases and standard search methods, 19 studies met inclusion criteria for the review. These studies targeted partner violence victimization and/or perpetration, included a comparison or control group, and measured IPV behavior or outcomes involving knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, or other constructs related to IPV. Fifteen of the studies used randomized designs, and 9 studies were identified that used rigorous methods (randomized designs, measurement of IPV behavior, sufficient follow-up, independent assessors). Four of the 9 studies were school-based studies conducted in middle or high schools. Only 1 of those found an unqualified positive impact on IPV behavior; another found an IPV preventive effect for boys only. Five of the 9 studies were conducted in community settings, including 2 that worked with couples, 2 that provided group-based interventions set in the community, and 1 that worked with parents to promote dating violence prevention with their teenage children. All 5 of the community-based studies reported positive impact on IPV behavior. Although there are some encouraging findings in the literature, gaps remain. No programs have been replicated, and although there would appear to be a great deal of overlap in program content, there is no analysis examining key components of program effectiveness.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence

Partner Abuse ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Capaldi ◽  
Naomi B. Knoble ◽  
Joann Wu Shortt ◽  
Hyoun K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Factors ◽  
Prior Review

A systematic review of risk factors for intimate partner violence IPV was conducted. Inclusion criteria included publication in a peer-reviewed journal, a representative community sample or a clinical sample with a control group comparison, a response rate of at least 50%, use of a physical or sexual violence outcome measure, and control of confounding factors in the analyses. A total of 228 articles were included (170 articles with adult and 58 with adolescent samples). Organized by levels of a dynamic developmental systems perspective, risk factors included (a) contextual characteristics of partners (demographic, neighborhood, community, and school factors), (b) developmental characteristics and behaviors of the partners (e.g., family, peer, psychological/behavioral, and cognitive factors), and (c) relationship influences and interactional patterns. Comparisons to a prior review highlight developments in the field in the past 10 years. Recommendations for intervention and policy along with future directions for IPV risk factor research are presented.

The Effect of an Intimate Partner Violence Against Women Training Program Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on the Approaches of Nurses and Midwives: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110220
Author(s):  
Nazan Koştu ◽  
Aynur Uysal Toraman
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of intimate partner violence against women training program based on the theory of planned behavior on nurses’ and midwives’ approaches of violence. A randomized controlled trial was performed at nurses and midwives in Turkey, between December 2016 and August 2017. The participants were separated into an intervention group ( n = 50) and control group ( n = 49). According to the result of study, training given to the intervention group was more effective in increasing the intimate partner violence attitudes, practices, and reporting compared to the control group. These results show that this training program effectively developed the nurses’ and midwives’ approaches about intimate partner violence against women.

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